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Dehumidifier
Koštuřík, Adam ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Hejčík, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis shall inform readers with the theory of humid air and its dehumidification at low temperatures. Here are the basic ways to dehumidify the air and then is selected a device that is suitable for low temperature conditions. Humidity problems in refrigerated areas are also described here.
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Adsorption of microbial cells on model biological surfaces
Mikušová, Janka ; Krouská, Jitka (referee) ; Sedláček, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is creating sorption surface suitable for studying adsorption bacterial strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus, as representative probiotic bacterial strain. Included in the experimental part of this thesis was the process of creating sorption surface, according to the designed and especially optimized method. Optimization method comprised of preparing sorbent with sorption surface including mucin, on which was the bacterial strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus bound to, using specific interaction. UV-VIS spectrophotometry was utilized in the optimization of the sorption surface preparation for monitoring losses of mucin in solution that happens during the bondation on used substrate. Designed sorption surfaces were subjected to various physical-chemical analyses, which roles were displaying and characterisation of surface and confirming the presence of mucin. One of the major components, in the process of observing and characterization of changes in surface structure of the sorption surface, was infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transformation. Scanning electron microscopy was used for more detailed observation of the surface structure, created by adhesive interactions, which participate in probiotic bacteria adhesion. Finally, the created surfaces were used in pilot experiment, during which, the kinetics in growing bacterial culture with and without the presence of sorbent using microcalorimetry were observed. Designed sorbent appears to be a suitable mediator for detailed characterisation of bacterial adhesion, which is the first step in creating bacterial biofilm.
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Selected drugs in drinking water sources and possibilities of their removal by adsorption
Lukášová, Daniela ; Ilavský,, Ján (referee) ; Kyncl, Miroslav (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
The dissertation deals with the occurrence of a selected group of drugs in drinking water sources and their subsequent removal. The work presents information on the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the environment, their consumption in recent years and their division into different groups. Various options for waterworks processes that remove drugs from water are also described. For the experimental part of the dissertation, adsorption on selected sorption materials was chosen as the removal process. The removal of drugs from water was carried out in two ways, a static and a dynamic test. At the end of the work, the efficiency of sorption materials and other parameters related to adsorption are evaluated.
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Interactions between microplastics and heavy metals in the aquatic environment
Ottová, Michaela ; Pavlovský, Jiří (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the adsorption of heavy metal ions on the microplastic. Specifically, lead, chromium, zinc, copper, mercury and polyethylene terephthalate was chosen as the plastic representative. Atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS, AMA) and FTIR with method ATR were used for the analysis. The aim of this work was to perform selected adsorption experiments, to determine the adsorption kinetics and the maximum amount adsorbed. Subsequently, the most suitable kinetic and isothermal model was determined for each element and the characteristic parameters were calculated.
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83/5000 Removal of pesticides from drinking water using different types of activated carbon
Lahodný, David ; Svoboda,, Miroslav (referee) ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor)
The bachelor´s thesis deals with the effectiveness of selected types of activated carbon for the removal of pesticide substances from drinking water. The thesis is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. The first part focuses on pesticides and activated carbon. For pesticides, their nature, distribution, occurrence and possible removal are described. Activated carbon is divided according to type, production and reactivation, the process of adsorption and also the main parameters of activated carbon are described. The second part is focused on laboratory experiment of pesticide removal from model waters. There are characterized the tested types of activated carbon, described the laboratory procedure and subsequent analysis of samples. In conclusion, the evaluation of individual types of activated carbon is evaluated with consideration to efficiency.
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Monitoring the effectiveness of selected adsorbents to remove micropollutants from drinking water
Kabelíková, Eva ; Svoboda,, Miroslav (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the effectiveness of selected adsorbents for the removal of micropollutants from drinking water. In the first part there are described individual types of micropollutants and their occurrence in water. Further, there are described pharmaceuticals and their consumption in the world. At the end of the first part, the possibilities of removing micropollutants in drinking water treatment are approached and two water treatment plants in the Czech Republic have been selected, which already use the technology of the removal of some micropollutants. In the practical part of this diploma thesis is performed an experiment of removal of Ibuprofen from model water by adsorption on selected materials, which are Filtrasorb F100, Bayoxide E33 and GEH.
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Characterization of adsorption properties of probiotic bacteria
Černá, Klára ; Sedláček, Petr (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
The aim of the diploma thesis is to characterize the adsorption properties of probiotic bacteria. Characterization was performed using of designed and optimized spectrophotometric method of determination of adhesion of probiotic bacteria to mucin as the main viscoelastic component of mucus. In order to provide a more detailed description of the adhesion interactions involved in the adhesion of probiotic bacteria to mucin, the viability of selected probiotic bacterial strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus CCM 1825, Lactobacillus plantarum CCM 7039, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CCM 7190, Lactobacillus acidophilus CCM 4833, Lactobacillus casei CCM 4798, Bifidobacterium breve CCM 7825, Bacillus coagulans CCM 2658 and a potential probiotic strain of Lactobacillus zeae CCM 7069. Moreover, bacterial adhesion to carbohydrates was also determined for all the bacteria tested. The last proposed and optimized technique was dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering characterizing surface properties such as -potential, average size distribution and isoelectric point. From this method, information was obtained on aggregation of bacterial cells and on electrostatic interactions. The combination of these methods was used as a complex tool to characterize adhesion of the tested bacterial cultures as a very specific, sensitive and key parameter of a successful probiotic microorganism that is influence by the multiple effects.
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Experimental study on the adsorption of bacterial cells on solid surfaces
Kahanovská, Kristína ; Obruča, Stanislav (referee) ; Sedláček, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on an optimalization of simple laboratory model systems which serve as an innovative tool for an experimental study on the adsorption of bacterial cells on solid surfaces. In the description of living biological systems, an adsorption is labelled as an adhesion. Designed model systems were validated with a physical-chemical analysis. Various techniques were used to determine bacteria properties, more specifically Burkholderia cepacia and Bacillus megaterium. The solid surfaces after sorption of bacterial cells of Bacillus megaterium were subjected to a structural and visual analysis. Applying the theoretical approach (e.g. using different physical-chemical models) to study the adhesion of microorganisms to a particular surface allows a prediction of the conditions for a successful adhesion. The results will give us a better understanding of a formation and development of a biofilm.
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Adsorption of toxic metals from wastewater to waste material from the food industry
Křikala, Jakub ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
This thesis was focused on the possibility of secondary utilization of waste material from the wine industry to remove heavy metals from wastewater. In the theoretical part, there were discussed mainly the problems of heavy metals pollution including methods of their removal and ICP-OES detection. Furthermore, the waste material from the wine production and the possibilities of its further processing were discussed there. The primary objective of the experimental part was to characterize the material by IR analysis, optimization of adsorption conditions, isotherms construction and determination of maximum adsorption capacities of white, red and chemically modified marc for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb. From the parameters influencing the adsorption efficiency, the adsorbent load was optimized (m/V ratio = 0,02); pH values found were 5 for Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and 3 for Cr and the contact time to reach the equilibrium was 15 minutes for Cd, Ni, Pb and 30 minutes for Cr and Cu. Maximum adsorption capacity for heavy metals were calculated from adsorption isotherms by applying the Langmuir model and found to be 18,829 7 mg/g for Cd; 10,664 7 mg/g for Ni; 35,602 0 mg/g for Pb (modified marc with 1M NaOH); 4,678 4 mg/g for Cu and 9,629 0 mg/g for Cr. The results of the work confirm the good adsorption potential of heavy metals on marc and the positive effect of chemical modification of natural biosorbents to improve their adsorption capacity.
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