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Effect of sewage sludge application on content of soil microbial biomass
Tichá, Alena ; Černý, Jindřich (advisor) ; Růžek, Lubomír (referee)
Microbial biomass plays a main role in transformations of elements. It participates in transformation biogenic elements and it is a sensitive indicator changes in soil. The conten of soil microbial biomas is not the same, during the year Application of fertilizers can improve soil properties. Sewage sludges aplication on soil can provide not only organic matter, but they can increase soil productivity an provide nutrients, which is important for plants.
In this thesis was watched effect of long-term application of sewage sludge on soil microbial bimass of carbon and nitrogen. Changes microbial biomass of carbon and nitrogen was watched on two sites Suchdol and Červený Újezd. Changes was watched under different system of fertilization. The long-term fertilization was manure, sewage sludge, NPK and unfertilized control. The samples was collected during the April, May, June and July 2014 and 2015 in March , April and June. The content of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen was estimated by fumigation-extraction method.
On station Suchdol was in the year 2014 highest in April with sewage sludge treatment 237,52 mg C/kg. In the year 2015 was content soil microbial biomass carbon highest on manure treatment 338,90 mg C/kg. On station Červený Újezd was in the year 2014 highest content microbial biomass carbon on sewage sludge treatment 280,13 mg C/kg. The highest content microbial biomass nitrogen on Suchdol in the year 2014 was in the April with NPK treatment 23,19 mg N/kg. The maximum content of soil microbial biomass nitrogen in the year 2015 was with sewage sludge treatment 24,07 mg N/kg. On the stand Červený Újezd was highest content of soil microbial biomass nitrogen in the year 2014. It was on June with manure treatment 21,52 mg N/kg. One year later there was the highest with manure treatment 23,24 mg N/kg.
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Phosphorus fertilizing of winter wheat in long-term field experiments including the sewage sludge treatment
Burgetová, Markéta ; Kulhánek, Martin (advisor) ; Karel, Karel (referee)
The theoretical part of the work is to describe the importance of phosphorus in soils and plants, and individual fertilizing systems, which is phosphorus in the soil supplied. Currently phosphorus considered limiting element in plant nutrition and it is therefore necessary to monitor the content and add it into the soil as required. Phosphorus is applied to the soil in different sorts of fertilizers. It is possible to use organic and mineral fertilizers and waste materials, for example sludge from sewage treatment plants. Sewage sludge appears to be a rich source of organic substances and other nutrients including phosphorus. Thanks to the application of sewage sludge on agricultural land, when used properly, reflects in the improvement of soil properties.
The aim of this work is to compare different fertilizing treatments (sewage sludge, manure and mineral fertilizers) in terms of water-soluble, accessible and residual phosphorus in the soil and also in terms of the influence of the mentioned treatments on winter wheat yields. The experiment was conducted at Humpolec, Hněvčeves and Suchdol sites and the evaluation was realized between the years 1996 and 2015.
The contents of readily available phosphorus at all sites were fairly balanced and did not clearly indicate the best fertilization option. The highest values were, however, in most cases measured at the sewage sludge treatment.
Sewage sludge appeared to be good source of mobile phosphorus. The values were almost always higher in comparison to the other studied treatments. It was confirmed at all three sites. The increasing tendency in mobile soil P content was clearly visible during the experiments. Estimating of residual phosphorus was carried out in comparison with other factions only in the years 1996, 2005 and 2014. The highest levels of residual P after application of sewage sludge were achieved at Humpolec and Suchdol sites. At the station Hněvčeves, the highest content was estimated on the variant fertilized with mineral fertilizers.
Even though the sludge proved to be the best phosphorus resource in our experiments, the highest winter wheat yields were reached using mineral fertilizers. A variant fertilized with sludge appeared to be second best way, and thereafter followed farmyard manure treatment.
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Sewage sludge incineration
Švehlová, Tereza ; Frýba, Lukáš (referee) ; Bébar, Ladislav (advisor)
The master´s thesis deals with the problem of sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants and their subsequent incineration. Main aim is compare some possibilities of the energy use of mechanically dewatered sewage sludge and sewage sludge with previous anaerobic pre-treatment for various levels of drying sludge.
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Experimental solar drier of sewage sludge
Širůček, Vojtěch ; Niesner, Jakub (referee) ; Houdková, Lucie (advisor)
The master’s thesis is focused on the issue of solar drying of sewage sludge. The sludge management of wastewater treatment plants is described in the first part of this thesis. This theoretical part also deals with description of drying and dryers used for sludge treatment. The second part of the thesis is focused on the experimental solar drying of sewage sludge and the evaluation of the results.
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Sewage sludge and sediments evaluation via ecotoxicity tests
Ondrová, Jana ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
Sediments and sewage sludges are part of the environment. Sewage sludges are formed in wastewater treatment plants as solid residues after water purification, therefore they have antropogenic origine. Although the sediment are formed by natural processes, humans also contribute to their formation. Sediments and sewage sludges can be a reservoir of a number of contaminants, due to their properties. Utilisation of sediments and sewage sludges as material for recultivation or a natural fertilizer is currently supported. But after application to the land, contaminants can be released to the environment. The consideration of ecotoxicological effects of sediments and sewage sludges is very important. Sediments and sewage sludges were ecotoxicologicaly evaluated by bioassays with water leacheate and by whole sediment bioassays. Daphnia magna, Thamnocephalus platyurus, Sinapis alba and Lemna minor were used to perform tests with water leacheate. Heterocypris incongruens, Lactuca sativa and Eisenia fetida were used to perform whole sediment tests.
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Industrial sludges as alternative fuel in cement plant
Raška, Miroslav ; Kalina, Lukáš (referee) ; Opravil, Tomáš (advisor)
This thesis deals with the use of industrial sludge as an additive to alternative fuels in the cement industry. The first part is focused on solid alternative fuels, especially sewagesludge, processed and used in the firing process of Portland clinker and heatingpotential of the secondary raw materials, fuels. The second part deals with the history, production of cement and its raw material base. The last part contains information of practical measurements and draw conclusions about the appropriateness of using that type of industrial sludge in cement as a solid alternative fuel.
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