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The effect of the smoking ban in bars and restaurants on the health of the non-smoking population in Czech Republic
Bláhová, Adéla ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Lušková, Martina (referee)
In 2017, the Czech Republic became one of many European countries to adopt a comprehensive smoking ban prohibiting smoking in various public places including bars and restaurants. This thesis estimates the effect of this policy on the health of Czech non-smokers. To evaluate the impact of the smoking ban, we apply the difference-in-differences method to compare our treatment group, i.e. Czech non-smoking population, with the control group represented by non- smokers from the Slovak Republic, where such a policy was not implemented. The study used micro-level data from the European Health Interview Survey in 3 subsequent waves: 2009, 2014, and 2019. Two econometric models were employed on two distinct dependent variables, that were chosen as proxies of health. Firstly, the presence of longstanding health problem is modeled utilizing logistic regression. Subsequently, the number of nights spent in the hospital in the past 12 months is estimated by a Zero-inflated negative binomial model. We found a significant decrease in both the probability of experiencing a longstanding health problem and the expected number of nights spent in the hospital, suggesting that the smoking ban positively affected the health of the Czech non-smoking population. Keywords smoking ban, health, passive smoking, EHIS, Czech...
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Foreigners in the Czech Republic: history, trends and patterns
Stejskal, Jan ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Foreigners in the Czech Republic: history, trends and patterns Abstract This bachelor thesis focuses on foreigners legally residing in the Czech Republic from the demographic perspective. It is based primarily on data on foreigners that are available from public sources. It presents fundamental legal regulations that affect the residence of foreigners in Czechia, it also discusses the statistical registration of foreigners and the main sources of data about them. Attention is paid to the history of international migration in Czechia, to the development of the number of foreigners in Czechia, acquisition of Czech citizenship by foreigners and international protection in the Czech Republic. Space is also devoted to the demographic events and processes of foreigners, to their demographic patterns and the spatial distribution of foreigners in the Czech Republic. This thesis offers international comparisons of the number of foreigners with the member countries of the European Union. It also focuses on the Ukrainian refugee crisis that started in 2022. A new contribution of this thesis is analysis of mortality of foreigners and the structure of live births of foreigners in 2021 and 2022 including a comparison with the population of Czech citizens. It can serve as a basis for more more in-depth analysis in the...
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Ecology of the Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima) in the Czech Republic
Stejskalová, Nikol ; Weiser, Martin (advisor) ; Pergl, Jan (referee)
The Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima) is an invasive deciduous tree, which has spread to every continent except Antarctica from its original area. It came to the Czech Republic in the 19th century as ornamental tree to the gardens of castles and parks. Later it spread to surrounding cities, but also into wild nature. Nowadays we find it in the Czech Republic primarily in hotter and drier areas and human disturbed areas. Its occurrence in these areas may suggest ideal conditions, which A. altissima seeks for its growth and spread. Studied conditions in this bachelor thesis are light, temperature, soil, water availability and overall environment, which A. altissima finds in its native and non-native area. Limits for the individual conditions were investigated, and these could define, where A. altissima can appear and where it cannot. Then everything was linked to the conditions in the Czech Republic. The results show that its appearance in the Czech Republic is mostly affected by altitude and average annual temperature linked with it. Shading limits A. altissima, but less than it was expected. When it comes to soil and water availability, A. altissima is very undemanding. The question is if A. altissima has already managed to occupy every location where it is able to grow in the Czech Republic and...
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Prevention of health risks among volleyball and beach volleyball players
Drahorádová, Olga ; Carboch, Jan (advisor) ; Žáková, Lenka (referee)
iv Abstract Title: Injuries in volleyball and beach volleyball and their prevention Objectives: The main goal of this diploma thesis is to compare the most common injuries in volleyball and beach volleyball in the Czech Republic and to find out their experience of subsequent recovery. Another goal is to find out what injury prevention athletes use and what experience they have with physiotherapy. Methods: Data were used from a non-standardized questionnaire which was filled out by Czech players of volleyball and beach volleyball. The obtained data were processed by software Microsoft Excel into tables and graphs. The questionnaire was completed by a total of 102 respondents. Results: It was evaluated that the highest frequency of injuries is found in the area of the ankle, knee joints and fingers in volleyball players. Conversely, beach players have a most injuries in the area of the lumbar spine and shoulder joints. They most often use kinesio tape of the compensatory aids and massage is the most popular from the forms of regeneration. Keywords: injuries, questionnaire, physiotherapy, Czech Republic
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Comparison of the tax system in the Czech Republic and Ukraine
Shyrin, Dmytro ; Kocourková, Gabriela (referee) ; Vítková, Eva (advisor)
The bachelor thesis focuses on depicting the tax systems in the Czech Republic and Ukraine. The theoretical part addresses the characteristics of the tax systems in both countries. The practical part is dedicated to specific differences between the tax systems, including the effectiveness of tax rates, tax obligations, deductions, and exemptions. It describes the impacts of these differences on personal income tax, self-employed individuals, employer costs for employees, and property tax in each country.
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Economic and financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in a specific company
Březinová, Barbora ; Gláserová, Jana (referee) ; Hornungová, Jana (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis is devoted to the evaluation of the economic situation of the state company České dráhy, a. s. in the years 2018-2022, when the issue of the COVID-19 pandemic is also included in this period. The first part of the work characterizes terms important to the given topic, which the bachelor's thesis itself deals with. The second part is devoted to the calculation and evaluation of the indicators themselves using the methods mentioned in the theoretical part. The last part of the work is based on the results of the analytical part and its part is the proposal of measures that would lead to the improvement of the current financial situation.
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Comparison of Corporate Tax in the Czech Rebulic and Poland
Mačalíková, Michaela ; Pavlíčková, Květoslava (referee) ; Lajtkepová, Eva (advisor)
This thesis examines the taxation of corporate income, specifically focusing on limited liability companies. The work is divided into several sections. The theoretical part discusses taxes in general. This is followed by an analysis and comparison of the tax systems of the Czech Republic and Poland, especially corporate taxes in both countries. Using a selected company as an example, the tax liability is calculated, from which suggestions for future direction are derived.
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