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Monitoring of blood pressure and heart activity via ECG in prehospital urgent care
VRÁNOVÁ, Anna
The topic of this thesis is monitoring of blood pressure and heart activity via ECG in prehospital emergency care. So the thesis deals with a necessary part of a patient´s examination that precedes effective treatment. In the theoretical part the prehospital emergency care is defined and the emergency medical service, which provides this care, is characterized. Anatomy and physiology of heart is outlined there. Also blood pressure and its measurement is discussed there. Electrocardiography is described and information needed to basic orientation in ECG recording is introduced. The practical part was carried out using mixed methods research. The first method was a quantitative research in the form of a standardized anonymous questionnaire. Employees of the Emergency Medical Service of the South Bohemia Region who work as paramedics became the respondents of this questionnaire. The qualitative research strategy consisted in observation of paramedics when they were monitoring blood pressure and heart activity via ECG in the prehospital emergency care. The aims of the research part were these: mapping of states and situations that lead paramedics to monitor patient´s blood pressure and heart activity, description of different methods of blood pressure and heart activity monitoring and finding the paramedics´ experience with available apparatuses. The last aim was a detailed introduction to monitoring of blood pressure and heart activity via ECG. The results show the following information. Paramedics measure every or nearly every patient´s blood preasure. They begin to monitor heart activity via ECG when the patient suffers from chest pain, is unconcsious, when there is a risk of arrhythmias or when the patient is circulatory unstable. Auscultatory method mediated via aneroid sphygmomanometer is the most frequent way of blood pressure monitoring in prehospital emergency care. Paramedics are satisfied with apparatuses and tools used to blood pressure and heart activity monitoring. All the acquired knowledge serves to detailed introduction to the issue which a paramedic meets in his or her everyday work and must have full control of it.
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Reporting and Assurance of EU Subsidies
Truhlářová, Eva ; Pelák, Jiří (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Jaroslava (referee)
This thesis is focused on the subsidies that flow to the Czech Republic from the EU budget. The text describes the mechanism by which funds from the EU budget financial resources go to the Czech Republic. In my thesis I also bring an overview of funds and operational programmes that can be used for project financing in a current programming period. The key issue is reporting (monitoring - according to the terminology used in the field of EU funds). The second issue is assurance or audit. Since the entire area of subsidies is constantly evolving (and in the case of the Czech republic it is a relatively "new matter"), there is still a big number of training workshops and information that would support quality and "correct" management of these resources. These activities will support the recipients in completing of monitoring reports.
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Measurement of patients´ personal doses in radiotherapy outside the central beam of ionizing radiation using the electronic personal dosimeter
CHYLÍKOVÁ, Renáta
The introductory part of the diploma thesis primarily focuses on the history of radiotherapy, i.e. what it emerged from and how it developed, as it is one of the most important fields in medicine, especially because thousands of people are irradiated every day due to different tumour and non-tumour diseases. Another reason why ionizing radiation is described is the fact that it is a necessary part of tumour disease irradiation. Ionizing radiation is also connected with radiation protection. This section presents a historical overview of radiation protection, as well as principles and quantities of this field. Furthermore, it focuses on Czech acts, decrees, and government regulations which define various measures governing this issue. Radiation protection forms the basis of patient, workplace, and personnel monitoring. All this is connected with the measurement and evaluation of received personal doses. This brings the thesis to the field of dosimetry, therefore various dosimeters used in practice are described. The aim of this diploma thesis is the measurement of patients? personal doses in head and neck irradiation using the electronic personal dosimeter at the radiotherapy centre of Nemocnice České Budějovice, a. s. The thesis is based on the question of whether irradiation doses that patients with head and neck tumours receive outside the primary radiation beam are negligible. The theoretical part of the thesis uses all available resources from both foreign and Czech literature. The practical part is based on numerical statistics, i.e. a quantitative method. The research was carried out at the radiotherapy centre of Nemocnice České Budějovice, a. s. Irradiation of patients with head and neck tumours was performed on a linear accelerator. Each patient had a mask to which an electronic personal dosimeter was attached during irradiation. Using this dosimeter, it was possible to measure doses received outside the central radiation beam. The measured values were then used to carry out assessment using formulas. Patients who undergo cancer treatment receive relatively high doses of radiation, so my main goal was to measure personal dose equivalents at the reference point. When comparing the percentage of the number of examinations with the web portal Epidemiology of Malignant Tumours in the Czech Republic, it was found that irradiation of the neck is more frequent than irradiation of the head. The total values of personal dose equivalents are relatively high in each patient, but because it is medical treatment, these values are not subject to radiation exposure limits. The comparison of the irradiated areas shows that irradiation of the neck has small values of personal dose equivalents to 1Gy compared to irradiation of the head.
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Design of implementation semi-automatic creation of incidents in the operational monitoring of Czech insurance company.
Sabolová, Anna ; Mildeová, Stanislava (advisor) ; Hochmeisterová, Gabriela (referee)
The thesis is focused on design of semi-automatic creation of incidents in the operational monitoring of Czech insurance company, based on the interconnection of two independently functioning applications currently used in the DoC (monitoring center). The purpose of the introduction of the new solution is saving time required for establishing an incident in SD (Service Desk) and its handover to a particular solver, which has a positive impact on the overall time dealing with the incident. Concept of semi-automatic creation of incidents in this thesis is prepared in relation to the analysis of the current state of the escalation of incidents, which included the measurement of the duration of the creation of incidents for a specific period. Final concept was tested in a non-productive environment and had the time of incident establishing measured. Based on the results obtained by empirical measurement method, tested solution was recommended for deployment in the production environment in terms of concrete benefits for operational monitoring ČPOJ.
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Monitoring of body temperature problems in health care in the ICU and ARD
TŮMOVÁ, Pavlína
Monitoring of physiological functions is one of the most important nursing treatments practised at Intensive Care Units or Anaesthetic Resuscitation Departments . Following up of body temperature belongs among the physiological functions monitored at the intensive care whereas the temperature?s duly measured results represent an unsustainable component in order to determine diagnosis and subsequent prognosis. It was the Bachelor Thesis objective to discover how well nurses orientate themselves in the problem area of body temperature monitoring. A research investigation was performed applying a quantitative method. The investigative file was created by generally trained nurses who work at ICUs and ARDs in six medical facilities of West Bohemian Region. In total 150 questionnaires were distributed after the research investigation had been approved by head nurses or managing nurses for attending care. Total number of duly filled questionnaires was 120 ones which were processed and thus this number was stated as 100 %. It resulted from nurses? answers in the questionnaires they perceived the body temperature measuring as automatic, routine part of their daily work at which technical skill, ability of every nurse and knowledge how to handle particular tools or aids are important prerequisites. The first goal was set to find out whether nurses understand the importance of correct monitoring of body temperature at ARDs and JCUs. The nurses indicated right values of body temperature and any ups and downs weren?t indifferent to them. It was the second goal to understand measuring techniques the nurses apply, which was fulfilled and the result thereof was reflected in the theoretical part in which all techniques of measurements are described. The third goal was to discover an availability of suitable tools and aids to monitor the body temperature. The fourth goal was set to find out whether nurses dispose of an elaborated standard to monitor the body temperature. The fifth goal was to discover whether nurses were able to use accurately any available tools and aids for body temperature monitoring. The above goals were met. The last, sixth goal was to find out if nurses were supported by their managements at purchasing new tools and aids. It was found out the nurses needed motivation to attend lectures aimed at the theme of body temperature monitoring and if those lectures would be prepared in an interesting way they will benefit from.
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Radioactive waste management in the department of nuclear medicine
VENCLÍK, Zdeněk
Radioactive waste management in the department of nuclear medicine is a complex process in which it is necessary to obey a number of lawful orders. These are based on physical and chemical properties of the radionuclide sources. At present these regulations particularly include Act No. 18/1997 Coll., on Peaceful utilisation of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation (the Atomic Act) and amendment to and alteration of some related acts in the wording and implementing Decree No. 307/2002 Coll., on Radiation Protection (which repeals Decree No. 184/1997 Coll.) in the wording of Decree No. 499/2005 Coll., which amends the Decree of the Czech National Council for nuclear safety No. 307/2002 Coll., on Radiation Protection. This legislation regulates the management of radioactive waste as a whole and deals with specific radionuclides in the annexes. It is necessary to comply with legislation whether the radioactive waste is generated in the actual production of radionuclides or during their diagnostic and therapeutic applications. All production and application processes give rise to certain materials contaminated with radionuclide sources but without the possibility of their further use. These contaminated and unusable materials are called radioactive waste. Radioactive waste arising from operation of nuclear medicine is basically divided into solid, liquid and gaseous. Solid radioactive waste is collected in refrigerators and lead safe deposits, depending on whether the waste is infectious or not. Liquid waste goes through the process of dilution in most cases, when there is a decrease of the volume activity limits and subsequent discharge to sewer. Gaseous waste is a negligible component of radioactive waste produced at nuclear medicine departments, so it is not often dealt with in more detail. No matter what kind of waste, the process of its disposal has a common goal of reducing its activity below specified limits (clearance levels), so that the waste can be without greater risk moved or released and disposed of as other, non-radioactive waste.
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Multicast traffic monitoring in local network
Korbelář, Jakub ; Pavlíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Beneš, Jiří (referee)
Within the scope of this bachelor work the issue about multicast broadcasting is examined, specifically the possibilities for monitoring rating of single multicast groups. In the first part I will present protocols which are used for multicast broadcasting and explain their operating principle. Next I will describe the existing possibilities if we want to monitor multicast broadcasts. In the second part I will show the method selected for monitoring IPTV broadcasting, which is operated in the VŠE network. I will realize application to collect data and then the application for the post presentation of collected data.
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Monitoring of changes in distribution of amphibians in Novohradské Mountains and their piedmont
ŽALUD, Štěpán
The changes in the occurrence of amphibian were monitored in the region of Novohradske mountains and in its foothills in seasons 2009-2010. Observation was focused on the presence of 11 species of amphibian in 31 selected locations. The results confirmed a significant decrease in the frequency of the species: Smooth Newt (Lissotriton vulgaris), Alpine Newt (Mesotriton alpestris), Warty Newt (Triturus cristatus) and synklepton Pelophylax synklepton esculentus. A mild decrease by European Tree Frog (Hyla arborea) and Common Spadefood (Pelobates fuscus). The balanced condition was found out by Fired Bellied Toad (Bombina bombina) and Yellow Bellied Toad (Bombina variegata), Common Toad (Bufo bufo), Grass Frog (Rana temporaria), Moor Frog (Rana arvalis) and Agile Frog (Rana dalmatina). Species were determined according to morphological characters. Observed data were compared with results of surveys of monitored sites from years 1999-2004.
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