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Czech startups from a gender perspective
Irikovská, Alexandra ; Nyklová, Blanka (advisor) ; Pospíšilová, Marie (referee)
This thesis attempts to answer the question why there are so few female founders of startup companies in the Czech Republic. In order to identify the main roots of gender inequality in this field and obtain a detailed understanding of the gender culture of Czech startups, biographic-narrative interviews were conducted with women in managing positions as well as female founders of Czech startups. Through in-depth analysis of these women's narratives, key areas were identified which contribute to the reproduction of gender segregation in this field. The research found that the inequality is mainly caused by gender stereotypes towards women in the field of technology, which even the interviewed women reproduce through identification with a specific type of masculinity. In an attempt to fulfill the gendered expectations from an ideal startup founder or manager women often find themselves in conflict with the traditional role of women in the Czech Republic. The second group of women on the other hand emphasize the importance of femininity and indentify themselves against this type of masculinity. The analysis also showed the importance of the gender inequalities in the technical field of education, that are also reflected in the startups. The author recommends a further research into the following areas...
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Is Maternal Death more important for Girls and Paternal Death for Boys? An Analysis from Developing Countries
Klepetko, Tomáš ; Bauer, Michal (advisor) ; Želinský, Tomáš (referee)
Parental death has the potential to deteriorate various outcomes of children in the developing world. One of such outcomes is education: when a parent dies, resources are reduced, psychological distress increased, so is the necessity to replace the parent in some of their duties. Literature commonly distinguishes impacts of maternal and paternal death on education of children. Nevertheless, no papers focus directly on the interaction between gender of the deceased parent and of the orphaned child. This thesis tests empirically the hypothesis that maternal death is more important for girls and paternal death for boys. The reasoning is that mothers typically spend more time caring about little children and about household generally, so after maternal death it is necessary to find a substitute for this role and it is more likely to find one among the daughters than among the sons. Subsequently, the daughter is at a higher risk of dropping out of school due to higher responsibilities at home. Fathers, on the contrary, are primarily income-earners, so after paternal death it becomes more likely that one of the sons replaces the deceased father on labour market than one of the daughters. The son then becomes more likely to stop attending school than any of the daughters. Using cross-sectional data from...
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Women's Rights in the Middle East and their Perception in Czechia
Výborná, Veronika ; Kabrda, Jan (advisor) ; Klingorová, Kamila (referee)
Women's rights in the Islamic world are a questionable topic. Significant differences between individual countries and regions are often not taken into account and many reasons and factors that generate such conditions for women are being neglected. This presented bachelor thesis aims at presenting the status of women in the Middle East on the basis of statistical data in comparison with men. The second part intends to confront these results with the feelings and opinions of employs of Czech non-governmental organisations who visited the Middle East. The thesis presents economic rights, civil rights, political rights, education and health of women in 21 selected countries of the region, together with the interpretation of possible causes and factors limiting women's rights. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Woman between Family and Work and the Welfare State
Kropyvko, Tetyana ; Potůček, Martin (advisor) ; Angelovská, Olga (referee)
Thesis "Women between Family and Work and the Welfare State" examines the challenges of balancing work and family roles of men and women, specifically in relation to institutional conditions of the Welfare State in the Czech Republic. The author analyzes and identifies external factors influencing family life and work balance. Furthermore, the author compares situation in the Czech Republic with selected countries of the European Union. The most important theoretical backgrounds of the thesis are the Welfare State theory, the family theory and the gender inequality theory. The main methods applied in the thesis are secondary data analysis and comparative analysis. The MA is divided in eight chapters. Key part of the thesis is analytical part, which consists of four chapters. First of them analyzes the external and internal factors that influence the behavior of men and women, namely the cultural value framework, structural labor market conditions and preferences of men, women and employers. The second one examines the institutional limitations and opportunities created by the Czech Welfare State. The comparative analysis of the situation among the Czech Republic, France and Sweden is carried out in the third chapter. The last chapter analyzes the motives and strategies of men's and women's family...
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Unpaid work in the Czech Republic
Daňová, Lenka ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (referee)
This work aims to find out the range of unpaid work in the Czech Republic, specifically in the capital city Prague and its surroundings and to find out the measure of unpaid work of women and men, and if there are significant gender differences in the terms of unpaid work. I tried to reach this target by evaluating experience from abroad, mainly from OECD and research based on a survey in the Slovakia in 2011. In the Czech Republic I reached my aim through previously run surveys, but mainly based on my survey questionnaire, realized in Prague and in its surroundings. The work also contains a theoretical part, in which I tried to specify importance of unpaid work and gender inequalities mainly in the labour market. In the work, I summarize past results of surveys that addressed the issue of unpaid work. The main asset of my work is research in the Czech Republic, as there has not been any similar survey done by now. The benefit is also proposing possible amendments because the assumption that women spend more time on unpaid work than men was confirmed. These changes could help the inequality to compensate.
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Changes in gender roles and thein manifestations
Černá, Ivana ; Pauknerová, Daniela (advisor) ; Hubinková, Zuzana (referee)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to map situation in families, where man takes a maternity (parental) leave and woman is working. Furthermore, to learn what changes do we notice in comparison to the traditional gender roles in the past, the way that most people imagine them. I find this subject altogether actual, considering, that I myself know some families, where roles and responsibilities in the household care and children nurture are not, as they used to be in the times of our grandparents, when men provided material security and women took care of household and children. In the practical part of my thesis, I used two causuistries and further interviews, in which I found out very interesting opinions of the respondents, even from the point of view where they had their gender roles switched. The results suggest that nowadays, we really can see some shift in gender roles from the traditional view of the society, even though it is still minor. Often it's in families, where woman has higher income, so the roles switch for financial reasons.
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Gender aspects of African Development
Kolcunová, Petra ; Kváča, Vladimír (advisor) ; Pavlicová, Vendula (referee)
Trade liberalization has different impacts on groups of individuals in the society. Some of them improve their situation, the other ones get worse. Due to the existing gender inequali-ties the distribution of benefits from trade liberalization between women and men is dis-proportional. The paper indentifies main areas, in which are the gender inequalities the most significant. African women are limited in their access to education, productive resources and to technologies, but also to the means of financing. These limits prevent women from full participation in trade and therefore also in economic growth of the country. The creation of new jobs in export-oriented sectors presents the main contribution of trade liberalization for African women. The income they are getting form those jobs are usually used to finance the education and health care for children, that is why their quality of life may improve. The paper concentrates on the reciprocal relation between liberalization and gender equality, which is demonstrated on the status of women in trade and in export-oriented sectors.
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Gender segregation in the labour market: roots, implications and policy responses in the Czech Republic
Křížková, Alena
This study presents an analysis of the situation of the Czech Republic, a country with one of the highest levels of gender segregation in the labour market of all EU countries. The segregation of women into low-income professions, firms and employment groups plays a very important role in the Czech Republic and is the cause of approximately one-third of the gender pay gap. At present the gender segregation of the labour market is not a topic that is being discussed at the political level.
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Discrimination in the labour market, gender wage differentials
Pospíšilová, Kateřina ; Macáková, Libuše (advisor) ; Nečadová, Marta (referee)
This thesis deals with discrimination in the labour market with a focus on gender wage differentials. It explains the differences between men and women from the sociological perspective, causes of different wages, the effect of compensating differences and investment in human capital. It presents discriminatory models: the model with discriminatory preferences, the discriminatory monopsony model, the model of statistical discrimination and the displacement model of discrimination. The practical part is focused on salary discrimination based on statistical data, as well as the views and experiences of the people interviewed by questionnaire survey. It mentions the possibility of elimination of gender inequalities, legislation of Czech Republic and organizations that are involved in this issue.
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