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Diagnosis and endovascular treatment of iliac and femoropopliteal occlusive disease
PĚČKOVÁ, Kristýna
The occlusion disorder in the area pelvic and femoral arteries should be for the patient fatal health complication. Therefore it is important know all risks, which should go before, know the disorder and last but not least is a crucial chapter diagnostics and in final phase treatment. I chose this subject, with the view of give to pertinent readers all above - mentioned information on those problems. For diagnostics of occlusion disorder we use imaging radiodiagnostic methods. For spatial display were developed method of spiral CT angiography ( CTA ), magnetic resonance angiography ( MRA ), a modification of classical angiography {--} digital subtraction angiography ( DSA ) and ultrasonografi (UZ). UZ is part of the basic investigate method of his noninvazive. Spiral CTA is method, which is based on two and three dimensional display using special programmes. Display magnetic resonance is noninvasive examination procedure and is derived from classical nuclear MR. MRA is once from possible examination practice which serves complex information on relation surrounding weaving to vessels and haemodynamic blood flow. DSA allows observation of flow vessels and by the help of digitizing image its graphical processing. Medication of okluziv disorder areas saucepan s and femur s arterys including percutaneous transluminal angioplasty ( PTA ) and implantation stent.
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EPR study of radical reactions initiated by the decomposition of selected types of peroxy compounds
Krkošková, Petra ; Kučerík, Jiří (referee) ; Omelka, Ladislav (advisor)
The products of the decomposition of selected types of peroxo compounds in the presence of redox agents (Pb and Co compounds) were investigated by EPR method. Besides some commercial peroxides the study was performed with peroxo compounds of Luperoxide group (Luperox 101, Luperox 256, Luperox 531). For the detection of the decomposition products the technique of spin-trapping using nitrosobenzene was applied. EPR spectra of radical adducts formed by the reaction of the reactive oxygenous radicals with nitrosobenzen having the character of stable nitroxyl radicals were analyzed. Their EPR parameters were obtained by simulation method. Besides the addition to nitrosobenzene the generated oxygen centered radicals were proved also on the basis of their reaction with model compounds (Santonox R; 2,6–ditercbutyl–4–methylphenol; diphenylamine).
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T cells labelling by bimodal contrast agent for in vivo studies of stroke
Krijt, Matyáš ; Poljaková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kříž, Jan (referee)
Stroke is a serious brain injury, which causes sudden death or terminates in permanent neurological disability. Nowadays, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is used as the only effective treatment of stroke. One of the potential targets for novel therapy are T cells. Even though the explicit role of T cells in the pathogenesis of brain injury, amounts and timing of all T cell subtypes infiltrating into brain during the stroke still needs further investigation. The research in this field is complicated by the lack of efficient methods for in vivo cell tracking. Therefore the aim of this thesis was to develop a method of T cells labelling by MRI contrast agent in order to investigate T cells distribution in ischemic mice model using in vivo MR imaging. T cells were isolated from C57/BL6 mice in two step isolation protocol using gradient centrifugation and magnetic separation with the efficiency of 97 %. The isolated cells were labelled with 100 μg Fe/mL of Molday ION Rhodamine B contrast agent. The labelling efficiency after 17 hours of cells incubation was higher than 99 %. The labelled cells were cultured with CD3 and CD28 antibodies resulting into the 74 % viability of labelled T cells compared to 83 % viability of non labelled T cells. The labelled T cells were visualized by fluorescent...
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In vitro expansion and activation of natural killer cells for cell therapy.
BENEŠOVÁ, Monika
NK cells are part of the non-specific immune response and are one of the main components of antitumor immunity. They do not need antigen stimul for thein activation but recognize damaged ( transformed ) cells by characteristic decreased expression of MHC I molecules. These natural killers become subjekt of many clinical studies based on the use of anti-tumor activity of NK cells for both solid tumors and in hemato - oncological diseases. The aim of this study was to find optimal conditions for in vitro expansion and activation of NK cells. NK cells were isolated from mononuclear cell fraction by magnetic separation and cultured in two types of media SCGM and X - VIVO 10 with the addition of interleukin-2 respectively OKT3 antibody. The influence of the mononuclear cells on proliferation of NK cells was tested. After a 6- day culture , the cells were passaged and growth of NK cells was determined using hematological analyzer and flow cytometry. Expression of the activation markers CD25 and CD336 (NKp44) was observed. All experiments were conducted under conditions of good manufacturing practice. Slightly higher gain of NK cells was observed in SCGM media without a significant differences in the other additives. Much higher number of NK cells was observed in culture with supporting irradiated mononuclear cells. There were no differences in cultures with autologous or allogeneic cells. We found that NK cells with higher proliferative potential express increasingly CD25, unlike the cells with decreased proliferation which had increased expression of CD336 marker. The work led to the definition of the optimal culture conditions for NK cells and became the basis for the further development of the medicinal product from in vitro activated NK cells.
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Resonances of Mácha. Fourth Congress of World Czech Literary Studies: Other Czech Literature (?)
Piorecký, Karel ; Křivánek, Vladimír ; Charypar, Michal ; Fořt, Bohumil ; Hrbata, Zdeněk ; Ibrahim, Robert ; Koten, Jiří ; Sládek, Ondřej ; Sgallová, K. ; Šerlaimova, S. ; Berkes, T. ; Budagova, L. ; Čolakova, Ž. ; Galmiche, X. ; Grigorov, D. ; Melnyčenko, I. ; Procházka, M. ; Valcerová, A.
Arranged every five years at the initiative of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Institute of Czech Literature, the congress brought together some 150 researchers from all over the world this year. Discussions over “otherness” in Czech literature were divided into four subject areas. In view of the anniversary of Karel Hynek Mácha’s birth in 2010, one of the proceedings was called Resonances of Mácha. The studies included in this collection focus primarily on the work of poets and prose writers whose work forms part of Mácha’s legacy and derives inspiration from him. Another way to understand the importance of Mácha’s work is offered by contributions that place it in the context of European and particularly Central European romanticism. The opportunity also presents itself to consider the influence of interpretations of his texts on the formation of Prague literary studies structuralism.
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Preparation of analogues of MRI contrast agents and study of their internalization on cell cultures
Krijt, Matyáš ; Poljaková, Jitka (advisor) ; Martínková, Eva (referee)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a commonly used non-invasive method to examine internal organs and soft tissues. In order to increase signal intensity and improve specificity contrast agents (CAs) have been developed, which affect T1 or T2 relaxation times. T1-contrast agents are mostly based on Gd(III) complexes. The aim of this thesis was to prepare analogues to commercial Gd(III)-CAs by changing the central atom for europium and use europium fluorescence properties for observing CAs' cell-distribution. However, due to strong cell auto-fluoresce the fluorescence of complexes did not provide convincing images reporting their biochemical fate. The toxicity of prepared complexes was tested on adherent cell cultures and evaluated by Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorter (FACS). Internalization of the CAs' analogues was confirmed also by elemental analysis (ICP-MS). (In Czech)
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Counting People on the FIT Foot Bridge
Mokrá, Radka ; Juránková, Markéta (referee) ; Herout, Adam (advisor)
This thesis deals with methods for counting moving objects in video. It explains background subtraction method and its techniques, then it explains methods for detection, tracking and counting blobs. Output of this thesis is application which uses described principles for counting groups of people on the footbridge between buildings of Faculty of Information Technology, University of Technology in Brno.
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Skiascopic and skiagraphic examination of the spine with a focus on scoliosis
DOSTÁL, Martin
The spine is the body's support system and a supporting pole to the whole skeleton, therefore it is important to take good care of it to prevent its deformities, such as scoliosis. Scoliosis is a serious illness which can appear at a really young age. Nowadays, it's timely detection and early treatment is achieved through not only expert orthopaedic check-up, but mainly through radiological examination, mostly skiagraphy. In my bachelor thesis named "Skiascopic and skiagraphic examination of the spine with a focus on scoliosis" I deal with skiagraphic and fluoroscopic options of examining the spine, the issues of scoliosis in general and with specific statistical analysis of incidents of scoliotic changes recorded at the Radiological clinic of the University hospital Brno, at the department of adult medicine. In the introduction, I explain the basic anatomy of the spine including the movement possibilities of individual spinal parts, such as tilting or rotation. The differences between cervical, thoracic and lumbar part of the spine, and their individual vertebrae, are described. In the next part, I focus on the basic principles of skiagraphy and fluoroscopy. It's important to realise what these examination techniques involve, how they work and why are they indispensable parts of examination process of scoliosis. The origin of x-rays and its types are explicated. I also devote a little subchapter to digitalisation, because in modern medicine, it's gradually replacing original technology of recording on film screens, and its use requires minor adjustements of the skiagraphy procedure. The third part of the bachelor thesis focuses on individual skiascopic and skiagraphic examinations of the spine. I describe procedures of skiagraphy of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar part of the spine including the projection of the sacrum. I mention special skiagraphic methods performed in the process of intentional detection or observation of scoliotic changes, including telemetric pictures composed into the long format. From the skiscopic examinations, I marginally chose myelography and discography, application of which is currently almost none thanks to modern examination methods such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. In the next chapter, I'm finnaly dealing with the topic of scoliosis itself. The basic classification according to aetiology is shown, I also explain the difference between idiopathic, congenial and neuromuscular scoliosis. Also, I clarify by what reference is the scoliosis' curvature measured and what terms are used to describe scoliosis. The chapter concludes by brief explanation of therapy used for scoliosis. The second part of the thesis includes my research. I present the goals of the work and anticipated hypothesis. I explain where and in what conditions the data collection took place, including description of the process of telemetrical screening at the forementioned workplace in Brno. I also present outcome achieved by statistical processing of data, including my commentary based on hypothesis and acquired experience. In the discussion, I compared incidents of scoliosis today according to my research with professional literature focused on scoliosis. Furthermore, I mentioned options of spinal issues prevention, including related illnesses. I also enclose suggestion of utilization of my work in practice, which, as I hope, will be a usefull addition to clinical research for University hospital Brno. In the last part of my dissertation, I summarize all my findings from the thesis and enclose, along with the list of used literature and internet links, attachments in the form of expertly described radiographs of scoliotical spines, which I obtained, with the consent of the staff, also ati the University hospital Brno.
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Pěvecký formant: Předběžné výsledky vyhodnocení snímků z magnetické rezonance a akustických záznamů při fonaci zpěváků
Švec, J. ; Herbst, C. ; Havlík, R. ; Horáček, Jaromír ; Krupa, P. ; Lejska, M. ; Miller, D.G.
Singerś formant is a desirable quality in operatic singing. This study investigates the strategies of two male operatic singers used for achieving the singerś formant. The subjects were asked to produce voice both in naïve and operatic singing quality at the same fundamental frequency for two different vowels [a] and [e]. Changes in the shape of the vocal tract were investigated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and differences in acoustic voice quality were analyzed using sound spectrography. In operatic voice quality the MR images revealed a) lowered larynx, b) raised soft palate, c) flattened tongue and d)straightened spine. Clustering and lowering the formant frequencies was seen in the spectrograms but the strategy was different for the two vowels and the two singers. The data suggest that different anatomical dispositions in singers lead to different strategies for optimizing the voice quality.
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