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Meta-Analysis in Economics: Application to Measuring the Euro's Trade Effect
Polák, Petr ; Havránek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Havránková, Zuzana (referee)
Meta-analysis is a very strong and effective tool designed for the synthesis of results of empirical research. It provides a possibility to make reliable conclusions and offers more systematic and unbiased view at empirical studies than do narrative reviews. This thesis begins with description of meta-analysis from the theoretical point of view and, therefore, is the first Czech-written methodology of modern meta-analysis suitable for economics. This part is followed by an applied meta-analysis that investigates the euro effect on common trade exchange, and the analysis is focused on publication bias and the use of the multilevel random effects model. The empirical part is based on 2580 estimates gathered from 33 studies that investigate the relationship between euro and trade volume. The meta-analysis reveals the presence of publication bias, confirms the economic research cycle hypothesis and estimates, according to the available literature, that the true Rose effect lies probably between 2 and 6 percent.
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Global Economic Outlook - January 2017
Česká národní banka
This year’s first issue of Global Economic Outlook presents the regular monthly overview of recent and expected developments in selected territories, focusing on key economic variables: inflation, GDP growth, leading indicators, interest rates, exchange rates and commodity prices. Starting with this issue, our regular monitoring will include the United Kingdom, due not least to one of the most keenly awaited events of this year: the actual start of Brexit. In this issue, our analysis focuses on one of the most discussed phenomena of the day –the decline in equilibrium real interest rates in the global economy. We present two theories –one that attributes the phenomenon of low interest rates to structural changes and speaks in favour of a permanent decline in rates, and another arguing that the fall is temporary and based on cyclical swings caused mainly by the financial cycle.
Fulltext:  PDF; PDF
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Poly(methylene blue) modified carbon based electrodes for the determination of sulfhydryl-containing compounds
Zlámalová, Magda ; Janda, Pavel ; Nesměrák, K.
This research presents the study of electrochemical polymerization of phenothiazine derivative, methylene blue (MB). Electrochemical pro perties and analytical application of resulting electrocatalytically active poly(methylene blue) (pMB) have been investigated. Three various carbon-based substrates: basal plane of highly oriented pyro lytic graphite (HOPG), pencil graphite electrode (PGE) and carbon fibre micro electrode (CFE) have been used. Aforementioned electrodes modified with the polymer (HOPG/pMB, PGE/pMB and CFE/pMB) have been prepared by potential cycling in aqueous electrolyte solution containing dissolved monomeric methylene blue. Electrocatalytic activity of three developed electrode systems towards hydrogen sulphide has been compared. Developed electrodes have been further investigated as potential sensors for sulfhydryl-containing compounds.
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Poly(Methylene Blue) Modified Carbon-based Electrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide
Zlámalová, Magda ; Janda, Pavel ; Nesměrák, K.
A comparative electrochemical study has been carried out of the electropolymerization of phenothiazine derivative, methylene blue (MB). Electrochemical properties of resulting electrocatalytically active methylene blue polymer (pMB) have been studied on three various carbon-based substrates: basal plane of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), pencil-graphite electrode (PGE) and carbon fibre micro electrode (CFE). Electrodes modified with the polymer (HOPG/pMB, PGE/pMB and CFE/pMB) have been prepared by potential cycling in aqueous electrolyte solution containing dissolved monomeric methylene blue. Electrocatalytic activity of three developed electrode systems towards hydrogen sulphide has been compared. Developed electrodes have been further investigated as potential sensors for sulfhydryl-containing compounds.
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Freshwater wetlands as a biogeochemical archive: Temporal changes in climate and environmental records
Zemanová, Leona ; Novák, Martin (advisor) ; Mihaljevič, Martin (referee) ; Hojdová, Marie (referee)
Worldwide, peatlands cover an area of 4.106 km2 . Plant primary production dominated over organic matter decomposition and enabled organic matter to accumulate during the last 11 000 years. Peatlands represent a reservoir of atmospheric carbon and they are a useful scientific tool for reconstructions of historical atmospheric pollution. The first part of the thesis focuses on peatlands as a dynamic carbon reservoir under predicted climate change that would influence carbon cycling and emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Three methodological approaches were used - a mesocosm laboratory incubation, a transplant experiment and in situ gas flux measurements. The laboratory incubation studied the response of peat samples from temperate (Velké Dářko, Czech Republic) and boreal (Stor Åmyran, Sweden) zone to a temperature increase, water table decrease and their combination. Today, the warmer site exhibits ~14 times higher CH4 production potential than the colder site (28 mg m-2 hr-1 at VD, and 2 mg m-2 hr-1 at SA). Both sites respond differently to temperature increases. Changes in methane production were up to 9 fold due to different temperatures. A gradual decrease of water table level from 2 to 14 cm below the peat surface had a much stronger effect, VD exhibited a decrease in methane...
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Yellow rust protection on the wheat
Hanzalová, Alena ; Bartoš, Pavel
Heavy incidence of yellow rust in the years 2014 and 2015 has proved high deleterious effects of this rust. For this reason this publication deals with yellow rust on wheat. Rusts on wheat cause losses every year. In the years of an epidemic yield can be decreased by more than a half. Epidemics of stem rust and yellow rust occur in irregular intervals. Leaf rust causes damage every year particularly in central and southern part of Moravia. Chemical control limits yield losses, however in the case of heavy rust incidence this control particularly on susceptible cultivars is not sufficient. Repeated chemical treatments increase the costs and are limited by phytosanitary regulations. Economic and ecologic rust control consists in resistance breeding and growing resistant cultivars. Knowledge of virulence in the rust poppulation and suitable sources of resistance are prerequisites for successful resistance breeding. This publication presents a summary of data from literature on the yellow rust on wheat. Data on resistance of the grown cultivars and possibilities of the chemical control are included.
Fulltext: PDF
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Maturity mismatching and its impact on the yield curve
Němec, Petr ; Potužák, Pavel (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with a new discord in the Austrian economic theory about the effects of maturity mismatching practiced by banks on the shape of the yield curve and defines the not yet established concept of the natural yield curve. The conflicting contributions of Austrian authors are compared for that purpose. Based on this comparison, a coherent theory of the effects of maturity mismatching is presented in a framework of the loanable funds market. A definition of the natural yield curve is then produced by a synthesis of the above-mentioned findings and the Austrian theory of the natural rate of interest. Theoretical research leads to the conclusion that one form of maturity mismatching inevitably results in an Austrian business cycle. The empirical section examines the question of yield curve´s behavior under the influence of maturity mismatching. An explanation concerning the selected hypotheses and their lack of confirmation is given.
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Repositioning of Birell brand as a tool for potential growth and entry to other categories
Jáchymovský, Oliver ; Machek, Martin (advisor) ; Kraus, Karel (referee)
Positioning is a key element of brand's strategic management and it is often a driver for success on given market. In every brand's life cycle there can be a moment, where current positioning simply doesn't work anymore, so there is need to reposition the brand to modify the current one or develop a new one. The main goal of this master thesis is to give readers full detail of the whole process of repositioning and to create ideal scenario for this process in FMCG market. I describe all most important parts of the brand and its strategic management related to positioning in the theoretical part. In the practical part I use a method of case study of Birell brand to describe real example of repositioning. This case study also includes reasons and consequences of the repositioning. In conclusion of the thesis, there is compiled ideal scenario of the whole process, that can serve as a basis for further research or as a instruction for future projects.
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