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The development of criminal law codification in Czech lands in the area of chosen criminal offences
Vojáček, Jan ; Žák, Květoslav (advisor) ; Spirit, Michal (referee)
This thesis describes the development of codification of criminal law in Czech history. At first I described theory of comparative law, further follows the historical development of criminal law since the beginnings of the Czech state. After that I compared individual criminal codes based on division between general and special part. In special part I focused on the scheme of division of criminal offences into sections. At the end I compared adjustment of several criminal offenses in penal codes. This part contains four criminal offences (murder, theft, high treason and crime of witchcraft), which interfere with many areas of human life.
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Violence as a manifestation of criminal activities of juveniles
GRAMETBAUEROVÁ, Tereza
Aggression and inclination to violent behaviour inhere in every one of us, not excepting children and juveniles. It is important to realize what aggression and violence are, and why and how they arise so that we are able to understand, control and explain the behaviour. When committed by juveniles, this behaviour is much more serious since juveniles, as persons who are not mature yet, often do not realize incurred consequences. The causes of violent behaviour are hidden in particular in their vicinity, in the environment in which they grow up and shape up. Thus it is very important to work with juveniles in order to prevent their violent behaviour. However, if the work is inefficient, a legal regulation not forgetting juveniles is needed. In rather serious cases it intervenes and attempts to remove incurred damage and prevent recurrence of unlawful conduct. The objective of the research was to examine and confront violent criminal activities committed by juveniles and adults. A qualitative method was used to obtain the results. It was a method of a directed interview with the respondents working in the criminality section, competent to speak about the issue due to their expert knowledge and experience. The purpose of the work was to ascertain features and manifestations of violent criminal activities of juveniles and adults. Subsequently, these groups were compared in order to reveal existing conformities and differences that were disclosed in a part of the interviews. The objective of the work was fulfilled. For confirmation or invalidation of the hypotheses that were raised in the part titled Discussion it would be suitable to interview a larger number of respondents.
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PREVENTION OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING CONDUCTED AT SECONDARY SCHOOLS
KRÁLOVÁ, Martina
Even though 79% of the surveyed students claim they have heard the term ``human trafficking{\crq}q, only 14% can define this term accurately. On the basis of the information obtained, a conclusion was arrived at that the level of information about human trafficking among students at Kolín-district secondary schools is inadequate. The students themselves said in their opinions that they did not have enough information about human trafficking, thus confirming this fact. The benefit and sense of this dissertation was to map the still uncharted territory of Kolín-district secondary schools from the viewpoint of human trafficking and to conduct a lecture. Compared to other issues, the prevention of human trafficking is neglected. Therefore, lectures should be conducted on this issue, which should even be integrated into the curriculum, in particular in the subjects of citizenship and the basics of social sciences.
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The concept of possible help to crime victims
DUŠÁKOVÁ, Lucie
The victims of crime are helped in the Czech Republic not only by public authorities such as police, prosecutors or curts, but also by nonprofit organizations and clinics. They assist the victims not only to cope with the mental trauma but also to claim thein rights (for example the right to compensation). There are currently many such organizations offering psychological or legal adice in our country. Neither all victims not all potential victims from the public are Avare of these type sof assistance. Not everyone in the immediate vicinity of the victims konws, how to treat them, how to communicate with them or how to help them. People´s awareness of helping organizations is reported in the quantitative research carried out on potential victims, who are all of us.
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Criminal Responsibility of Legal Entities
Švepeš, Petr ; Boháček, Martin (advisor) ; Žák, Květoslav (referee)
The thesis deals with the legal institution of the criminal responsibility of legal entities and a feasibility of its implementation in the Czech law. The main objective of the thesis is to find an answer to the question if the implementation of the institution is neccessary in the Czech republic and eventually in which form and parameters. The first part of the paper describes the current state of legal regulation in the Czech republic and contains a comparative analysis of legal regulation in France, Austria, Germany, Slovenia, Slovakia, Great Britain and United States. In the end of the theoretical part the paper discusses relevant liabilities of the Czech republic arising from international treaties and european law. In the second part the paper focuses on scolarly debate on the possible implementation, its advantages and disadvantages. The core of the paper lies in the critical reflection of existing drafts of the law on criminal responsibility of legal entities and author's own speculation about a possible legal regulation in the Czech republic
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Unlawful conduct in the economic area, possibilities for its exposure and prevention
Molín, Jan ; Králíček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Müllerová, Libuše (referee) ; Čunderlík, Petr (referee)
The dissertation thesis at large discusses the problems of unlawful conduct in the economic area, possibilities for its exposure and prevention issues. Every human conduct, apart from the legal viewpoint, may also be assessed from the moral viewpoint, whereas in this context, law is designated as the "moral minimum". From this relationship, we arrive at the conclusion that every instance of unlawful conduct is also immoral. On the contrary, conduct that complies with the law always need not be in compliance with the moral norms. In the Czech Republic, the New Criminal Code came into force on 1 January 2010, which also punishes the most severe forms of unlawful conduct and fundamentally affects performance of the accounting and auditing professions. Apart from some concept changes, this Codex also introduced, for instance, changes in the punishability of planning crimes. From the viewpoint of the auditor, tax adviser and accountant, barring of perpetration, whose commitment or planning authentically comes to the knowledge of the auditor, tax adviser or accountant seems to be fundamental. The issues of occupational fraud are mainly related to the problems of the auditing profession. These unlawful acts take various forms, which can be split into three basic groups, which are asset misappropriation, fraudulent statements and corruption. When exposing occupational fraud, as well as other forms of unlawful conduct, confidentiality issues are fundamental. In some cases, the law anticipates breaking through this confidentiality, mainly, for the purpose of exposing the most severe forms of unlawful conduct. Within the framework of prevention of occupational fraud, internal control systems play an essential role. It is possible to evaluate the existence of ethical codices, respectively, building of ethical corporate culture as very fundamental.
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Manipulation of accounting in case law
Černá, Irena ; Pelák, Jiří (advisor) ; Kasimová, Monika (referee)
Diploma thesis is focused on styles, methods and impacts of fraudulent accounting. There is used case -- low of Czech courts because of interpretation and better understanding. The first part of the work attends to basic legal context and Czech economic criminality overview. The main part of thesis introduces crimes, which relate to fraudulent accounting and offenders, who commit these crimes. The end of the thesis deals with analysis of responsibility of particular persons, who are involved in fraudulent accounting.
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Evaluation of offenses against the environment on Dačice
JÁNSKÝ, Radek
The thesis is developed through literature review authors, who in their works deal with issues in, relation to the environment. The aim of this work is to approach environmental issues in the Czech Republic and assess violations in the field of environmental protection in Dačice district. in Jindřichův Hradec. The first part is given to bringing the infringement of their history and social harm caused by the division and insecurity. There are presented inflected most basic concepts that are related to environment and pollution, as well as approach the issue of penalties for breaches of rules in the field of environmental protection. In the next section, the rights and obligations of the filing and publication of information regarding the state of the environment. There are generalized to the various components of the environment in which both problems are solved according to the legal status of laws and amendments, as well as evaluating the condition of these articles according to chronology.
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