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Highway tax and its legal regulation
Tykalová, Štěpánka ; Karfíková, Marie (advisor) ; Novotný, Petr (referee)
Topic of my thesis is "Highway tax and its legal regulation". I was brought to this topic by the fact that taxes are constantly current, very important. Through my work I wanted readers to become acquainted with the Highway tax which exists in our country. After all, each of us is an economist to a certain extent and each of us also pays part of his income to the state by means of taxes. That is why we should be interested in how the taxes are constructed and from what they are paid. The aim of my work is to introduce legal framework of the highway tax, reveal its strengths and weaknesses, highlight some key institutes, compare Czech, Slovak and German legal framework of the tax, and so to inspire to efficiency improvement of the Czech legal framework. The work is divided into five chapters. The first chapter serves as an introduction to the topic. This chapter deals with the elementary questions of the Highway tax. I focused mainly on its importance, characteristics and status in the Czech Republic. An important part is a history and overview of the amendments to the Highway Tax Act. The legal framework in the EU is also introduced in this chapter, as well as summary of legislation, international treaties and regulations of administratives bodies in our country. In the second chapter I describe...
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Abuse of the law in tax law
Plevová, Magdaléna ; Boháč, Radim (advisor) ; Karfíková, Marie (referee)
- 1 - Abstract The purpose of my thesis is to characterize and analyze the doctrine of abuse of rights in relation to the tax law. The second objective of this thesis is to make a conclusion if the current legal regulation of this doctrine is sufficient in the Czech legal system. The thesis is devided into six chapters in accordance with the topics. The first chapter proposes notions of "tax" and "tax law" and then describes interpretation of tax law. The second chapter deals with issue, what kind of right is abused. Following chapter is important because it differentiates among the notions of real content of legal acts, circumvention of the law, and tax optimization in relation to abuse of law. The crucial part of this thesis is chapter four called "Abuse of Law" which concerns the detailed introduction to the abuse of law doctrine. This chapter contains five subchapters, when the second one deals with the general principle of prohibition of abuse of rights of European law and following subchapters compare Czech and French legal regulation of the abuse of tax law. The last subchapter describes procedure of Czech tax administrator to combat abuses of tax law. The fifth chapter contains deeper analysis of cases of abuse of tax law. There are analysed two cases of the European Court of Justice and some cases...
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Electronic Registration of Sales
Kučerová, Adéla ; Boháč, Radim (advisor) ; Vybíral, Roman (referee)
This thesis deals with the electronic registration of sales that has recently been introduced to Czech law in order to increase the revenues of public budgets, reduce the shadow economy and to safeguard a fair competitive environment for all businesses. This thesis is divided into two essential parts. The first part hereof deals with general issues of registration of sales whereas the second part analyses particular aspects of the new legislation. In the first chapter, general matters of the registration of sales are discussed. The main objectives of the registration of sales as well as possible means of such registration are introduced. Moreover, one part of this chapter is dedicated to the recordkeeping obligation as it is to be found in Czech law. The second chapter deals with the Act No. 112/2016 Coll., on Registration of Sales. Firstly, the Act is introduced in general terms and its place in the Czech legal order as well as the legislative process is discussed. Secondly, it analyses some provisions of the Act, in particular those relating to the entities that have the obligation to register their sales under the Act and those covering the subject-matter, i.e. the registered sale as such. The aim of the said analysis is to answer the question whether the new legislation may theoretically cause...
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International Tax Planning
Javůrková, Lenka ; Žaludová, Pavlína (referee) ; Kopřiva, Jan (advisor)
This thesis „International tax planning“ “ puts brain to legal entity income tax and it is looking possible solutions to tax optimalisation in EU and other world continents for. The first part put one´s mind to tax competition and legislation, in the others parts income tax, OECD model convention, tax law in selected member´s states incl. Czech republic and certain foreign tax systems. The last part put one´s mind to company´s structure and possibilities of tax optimalisation.
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Influence selected factors the development of tax collections from corporate income tax?
Pajerová, Eva ; Mičúch, Marek (advisor) ; Koubek, Ivo (referee)
The Aim is to assess the impact of selected factors on the collection of tax on corporate income. Variables are divided into two groups. Factors that have their origins in the tax law (tax rate, amendment of law no. 586/1992 Coll.), and the group of circumstances that affect the final tax liability (the price of electricity, gas price, oil price, GDP, inflation, interest loans, currency exchange rates, balance of foreign trade).Each model is compiled and tested based on quarterly data from the years 2002 -- 2009. An important finding is that the tax rate affects the collection of taxes on corporate income throughout the whole period. If the tax rate drops, reducing the collection of taxes. Extent of the impact of variable rate depends on the degree of delay.
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THE LAW REGIME IN BONDED WAREHOUSE
UHRÍN, Róbert
The point of the book is to provide characteristics of present customs warehouses in Czech Republic, their types, the conditions and the proceedings during establishments and during their operation times. Point out mutual relations of involved people and by using practical examples show the financial outcome of using a customs warehouses under an effective legislature.
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Prohibition of Abuse of Law in the European Law
Hron, Lukáš ; Grmelová, Nicole (advisor) ; Filipinská, Lucie (referee)
The thesis represents an introduction into the concept of abuse of law principle as it is applied within the European Law. As an introduction it features a short history of the abuse of law as of private law principle and its theoretical aspects. Further it provides the reader with exposures of the doctrine in the Czech law and draws attention to the problems which the Czech courts face applying the doctrine, especially with its distinction from other similar legal institutions. The core of the work is constituted by an analysis of relevant decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Union, which follows the development of the doctrine from the early 70's until present. The thesis analyses the doctrine of abuse of law as it was developed in the European judicature. Finally the author introduces practical consequences of the doctrine on the tax law and deals with the question how the courts of highest instance of the Czech Republic cope with the doctrine and criticizes their approach.
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Comparison of legal regulations of real estate taxes in selected EU states
Lippert, Miloš ; Marková, Hana (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michal (referee)
Cílem diplomové práce je přehledné srovnání právních úprav daně nemovitostí ve vybraných státech EU. Jedná se o rozsáhlejší práci s 86-ti stranami vlastního textu. Kromě úvodu a závěru má práce tři kapitoly: I. Česká právní úprava, II. Německá právní úprava, III. Daň z nemovitostí ve vybraných státech EU. První dvě kapitoly podrobně popisují právní úpravy v České republice a Spolkové republice Německo. Třetí kapitola obsahuje přehlednou tabulku srovnání daně z nemovitostí celkem 15-ti vyspělých evropských ekonomik, kdy u každého státu je popsáno označení daně, předmět/subjekt daně, je zde uveden základ pro vyměření daně, sazby a výpočet daně a v neposlední řadě je uvedeno komu přísluší daňová pravomoc. Práce je zakončena podrobným závěrem, který shrnuje českou a německou právní úpravu, zejména obsahuje část analyzující odlišné prvky zdanění nemovitostí, z kterých jsou vyzdvihnuty možné inspirace pro českou legislativu. Práce obsahuje přehled použité literatury a to jak české tak i zahraniční.
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Tax aspects of Holding Law
Michalíková, Jana ; Marková, Hana (advisor) ; Tůmová, Jaroslava (referee)
Práce je sumarizací jednotlivých institutů týkajících se koncernů v daňovém právu, objasňuje jejich význam a účel a zároveň na několika postřezích z praxe ukazuje jejich skutečné praktické dopady. Zhodnocuje právní úpravu koncernů z daňového hlediska a poskytuje načrtnutí možného dalšího vývoje této oblasti finančního práva. Daňová úprava koncernů je podrobněji analyzována z hlediska transakcí v rámci koncernů, příjmů a výdajů souvisejících s koncerny i oblasti daně z přidané hodnoty.
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