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The possible solutions of juvenile criminal liability in the European context
Pošíková, Lenka ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Herczeg, Jiří (referee) ; Sváček, Jan (referee)
The thesis thoroughly examines the issue of response to juvenile delinquency and potential solutions of their criminal liability in the European context. The thesis describes the historical development of approach to juvenile delinquency, as well as basic models of youth justice. The important part of the thesis focuses on comparative analyses of selected foreign legislation, namely the legal order of Germany, Austria and Switzerland. In depth are analyzed penalty systems of those countries and their mutual comparison. Further part is dedicated to evaluation of selected sanctions in terms of their effectiveness based on knowledge about recidivism of juvenile offenders. In relation to effectiveness of sanctions the thesis deals with question how to influence different types of juvenile offenders from the perspective of developmental criminology, especially chronic offenders. Author pays attention to the phenomenon of chronic juvenile offenders, formulates risk factors used to identify and predict the life-course delinquency. Following subpart discusses two of the most important factors influencing the committing of serious crimes by juveniles, e.g. delinquent peer groups and immigrant origin, which are relative neglected in the Czech professional literature. The importance of immigrant origin for a...
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Youth Violent Delinquency in the Czech Republic based on comparison of ISRD-2 and ISRD-3
Pešková, Veronika ; Podaná, Zuzana (advisor) ; Krulichová, Eva (referee)
The following thesis examines the violent juvenile delinquency of the Czech youth and has supportive evidence from two sweeps of the International Self-Report Delinquency Study (ISRD). The first sweep in the Czech Republic was conducted in 2006/7 (ISRD-2) and the second sweep was conducted in 2013 (ISRD-3). The theoretical section focuses on risk factors, which are linked with violent delinquency, and theoretical foundations of aforesaid research ISRD. The theoretical foundations of aforesaid research are primarily social control theories. The remaining part of the thesis centres around a statistical analysis, which compares two data sets primarily focusing on violent delinquency, victimization and gender differences. Furthermore, the link between family bonds and parental supervision with violent delinquency is analysed, followed by a comparison of sample cases from Prague, Pilsen and the remainder of the Czech Republic. The final conclusions display that the prevalence of violent delinquency and gender difference in violent delinquency has decreased significantly. The link between family bonds and violent delinquency was proven to be statistically significant and the same can be stated for parental supervision, although the relations were not proven to be very strong. In addition, no statistically...
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The issues of the juvenile criminal justice
Šimková, Lucie ; Vanduchová, Marie (advisor) ; Jelínek, Jiří (referee)
Anglický abstrakt The issues of the juvenile criminal justice This thesis is focused on question of juvenile delinquency, committing of unlawful acts of the youth and the children younger fifteen years old and penalties which are imposed according to Act No. 218/2003 Coll. This thesis deals with questions connected with delinquency of juvenile and handle them from view of substantial law, as to approach to them from criminality and criminology views. Thesis is focused on introducing united perspective of chosen topics juvenile criminal justice and in case of options settling alternative solutions. In the end of each chapter the author's own opinion is presented and in the case of problematic regulation also possible solution is proposed. Test is divided in to five chapters and further split into subsections. In first chapter basic key concepts regarding main thesis are defined. In the second chapter thesis deals with juvenile delinquency, especially about cause leading to delinquent acting of individuals and main features of unlawful acts committed by the youth. Further there are summarised data from official statistics. Third chapter is focused on still actual topic of legal liability of the juvenile, especially on setting age limit of legal liability and intellectual and moral maturity and with this...
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Mediation of juvenile delinquents
Herman, Iryna ; Podaná, Zuzana (advisor) ; Homolová, Pavla (referee)
(in English): This thesis deals with a restorative justice, or the most widespread method, which represents the mediation. This method is then described in the standard form used in the Czech Republic as well as in the redesigned version adapted for violent crime in the US, which is contained in the first theoretical part. In the practical part, these two forms of mediation are compared with each other. Different moments are then reflected on three case studies, where appeared a mediation of violent juvenile crime. The results of comparison shows that the modified parameters of meidation used in case of violent crimes were not in these case studies demonstrated. This may be due to the fact that all the actionswere of less violent severity, so the differen elements of mediation didnť have to be necesery exploited.
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Comparison of Juvenile Delinquency in the Czech Republic and Germany
Mazák, Jaromír ; Podaná, Zuzana (advisor) ; Buriánek, Jiří (referee)
This Master thesis explores delinquency of juvenile Czechs and Germans from seventh to ninth grade based on quantitative data. The data comes from an International Self-Report Delinquency study (ISRD-2), which is anchored primarily in the Social control theory (Hirschi, 1969/2002) and the General theory of crime (Gottfredson, Hirschi, 1990). Therefore, in the first section, attention is paid to these and other selected criminological theories; the other theories are mainly the strain theories and the cultural deviance theories. In the second section, the thesis deals briefly with the socio- cultural differences and similarities between the Czech Republic and Germany. The core of the thesis is the third, analytical section, which presents the findings of statistical analysis. A conclusion is reached that the theories studied are by far less contradictory than what the authors of the social control theory and the general theory of crime claimed them to be. It rather seems that the individual theories are complementary and often lead to the same predictions. Hypotheses are confirmed that some characteristics of the pupils` relation to their school are related to delinquency: Pupils who like going to school are somewhat less delinquent than pupils who do not. Pupils who play truant are substantially...
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Educational and Psychological Profiling of the Juvenile Delinquent
Brodská, Hana ; Krykorková, Hana (advisor) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis presents the educational and psychological profiling of the juvenile delinquent. The theoretical part focuses on the definition of the juvenile delinquency, its specifics and developmental trends in this field. Next, it deals with the description of the juvenile's profiling from the perspective of the developmental psychology and then with the explanation where juvenile delinquency stems from. The empirical part deals with the results of the qualitative research collected in the center of the Probation and Mediation Service of the Czech Republic. The research is realized by the combination of three methods - the content analysis of documents, the semi structured interview and Tarter questionnaire in order to get anamnestic data about chosen clients of the Probation and Mediation Service of the Czech Republic and to find out the most hazardous areas of their lifes.
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Methods of investigation of crimes committed by juvenile
Morongová, Petra ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Štourač, Petr (referee)
This work is focused on understanding of juvenile crime and delinquency. At the beginning I try to explain the basic concepts and give information about juvenile crime from statistics, which should show a development of juvenile delinquency at time in our country. A base of my work is composed of methods of investigation of crimes committed by juvenile. A special attention is paid to causes of their delinquency so we could suggest a prevention of youth criminality. We can ensure how they commit crimes, typical kinds of motives and their personality charakteristics. Personality of the juveniles is very specific so people acting with them must be extra-careful. It concerns mainly specialities in hearing of childrem. At the close I am thinking about possibilities of prevention of the juveniles'asocial behavior.
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The delinquency of teenagers in dependence on the social and educational environment within family
POLÁČEK, Martin
The author´goal of this work is to show the environment in which the child grows, the negative effects of this environment leading the child to delinquency and considers certain factors of education in the contemporary family, which should reduce a negative influence of this environment on child, and how these factors should work in the family. In theoretical part of my work there will be discussed terms like marriage and family, divorce, single-parent family and the resulting negative influences on young people in 21st century, manifested mainly in the form of property and vice youth crime. In the practical part of the work there will be drawn from actual cases recorded in files of the Department of social and legal protection of children and the written materials of the Police Czech republic.
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Place into the Penitentiary as an alternative of an execution of a punishment.
KOTNOVÁ, Andrea
My diploma thesis deals with two institutes of penal law ?detention and a court-ordered institutional education. The aim of the study was to tackle the issue theoretically and empirically, to give a comprehensive picture of both alternatives and to compare them. The aim was to add some information to contribute to decision-making in detention or alternative solutions in the issue of juvenile delinquency. The thesis is divided into two sections - theoretical and empirical. In the theoretical part, the legal basis of detention in the Czech Republic with regard to juvenile delinquents is defined, psychosocial issues of the juvenile delinquents detention are surveyed, the legislative base of the placement of juveniles into educational institutions is described, and the psychosocial issues connected with the stay of juvenile delinquents in educational institutions are outlined. In the final part, the possibilities and limits of the juvenile delinquents´ placement into educational institutions rather than detention solutions are discussed. At the beginning of the empirical section of the work, the objectives and research questions were stated. To answer these questions, a qualitative research investigation analyzing the stay of juveniles in detention and an educational institution was carried out. The respondents were chosen by a purposeful selection in educational institutions. The necessary data were obtained by conducting modeled semi-structured interviews with 7 juveniles who had gone through both detention and an educational institute. The interviews were transcribed and case studies were developed from them. The collected data were analyzed using the grounded theory method, open coding. The research has shown differences in experiencing detention and the stay in an educational institution in juvenile delinquents. It has been proved that detention is a stressful situation for juvenile delinquents, but it does not have a destructive affect on the personality of the juvenile. In contrast, the stay in an educational institution was evaluated positively by the respondents, and they emphasized its positive effect on their personalities. The research has also revealed the reasons for incidents in educational institutions, which result from boredom and the unwillingness of the juvenile to adapt to the regime. Now findings of the thesis demonstrate an insufficient use of the programs offered in penitentiaries. For this reason, as an optimization recommendation, I suggest to increase awareness and the motivation of prisoners to participate in these programs.
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Chosen Captures from Juvenile Delinquency Focused on Proceeding at Law, on Given Precaution and Other Institutional Help
MICHLOVÁ, Markéta
The work puts mind to juvenile delinquency focused on proceeding at law about juvenile offenders and precautions that can be enjoined to children younger than 15 years if they commit a fort. It is also engaged in institutions who work with these offenders and describe their possibility of theirs care. The first part of the work deals with statistical data about situation of children´s criminality in 2007 and its development since 1989. It also characterizes some special features of criminal activity of children and basic factors that influences delinquent behavior of a child. It attends to a discussed topic of lowing the age limit of criminal liability. The most important part of the work contains some information about mentioned proceeding at law about juvenile offenders and enjoined precautions. It describes some institutions where the child can be send and describes other possibilities of institutions such as police, school, welfare centre headed by parole officer, educational-psychology service or mental home. It goes into a family, law precautions in it. It speaks about voluntary programs that attend to work with delinquent children. The end of the work describes some more ways from foreign countries of help of juvenile delinquents.
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