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The usage of algae in biogas transformation
Paroulkova, P. ; Sukačová, Kateřina ; Murgasová, K. ; Vítěz, T. ; Chovanec, J.
Using of algae in a biogas transformation is still in the beginning. However, the microalgae have large potential from the perspective of growing demands on biogas quality and trend of using,natural resources. First of all, it is their ability to fix carbon dioxide (CO2) using photosynthesis and presumed ability of some algae to metabolize hydrogen sulphide (H2S). Biogas contains not only required methane but also components causing its worse quality such as mentioned CO2 and H2S. Therefore, the algae are potential biological systems for biogas-conditioning. The microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick (IPPAS C2) was used for fixation of CO2 and H2S in our experiment. The microalgae were cultivated in a medium BG 11. The algal suspension was aerated with the biogas during two weeks. Different values of CO2 concentration measured in the input and output confirmed decrease of CO2 caused by intensive growth of algal culture. Decline of H2S was not confirmed.
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Provision of alternative refuse collection for a real estate surrounded by foreign property
Kvapil, Radek ; Štindl, Michal (referee) ; Klika, Pavel (advisor)
The thesis deals with possible ways of drainage and wastewater disposal. The issue of wastewater discharge to the environment has been closely monitored in recent years, and there is an apparent effort to improve the current situation.The dissertation discusses and compares three selected options – access to improved sanitation, building reservoirs and domestic wastewater treatment plant.The final section is dedicated to a comparison of acquisition and operating costs over time and to subsequent evaluation of the most suitable option. For the sake of clarity and assessment of potential solutions, the locality in the administrative area Vysoké Mýto - Domoradice has been selected as a model. The local authorities have been designing a public storm sewer, and given that it is surrounded by land, this issue will need to be addressed.
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Monitoring of selected parameters in the wastewater treatment process in the various WWTP
Dalajková, Nikola ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Repková, Martina (advisor)
This work is focused on wastewater treatment, specifically the WWTP Brno Modřice. Described herein are the general technological parameters of large and medium-sized wastewater treatment plants and wastewater treatment process in the WWTP Brno Modřice. The greatest emphasis is on biological phase of waste water treatment. Purification employs chemical, biological and physical cleaning processes. To determine the effectivness of the treatment plants various indicators are used such as COD, BOD, Ntotal and Ptotal whose the maximum permissible values are established in accordance to norm. The basis of biological treatment is the activated sludge containing microorganisms, by which the effectiveness of the cleaning process is determined. These microorganisms are determined qualitatively and quantitatively. To compare the efficiency measurements of activated sludge were also made at two other wastewater treatment plants. These values were then compared in the experimental part of the work.
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Study variants of specific wastewater treatment
Pernička, Jan ; Ručka, Jan (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis explores treatment options of wastewater with a low presence of organic pollution produced by minor pollution sources. The research part describes objects with a low presence of organic pollution in wastewater and possible treatment methods in dependence of pollution source's size. The practical part contains the design of technological options of treatment of wastewater with a low presence of organic pollution for a specific object.
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Influence of the various incubation time on the value of BOD
Debnárová, Andrea ; Dolejš, Petr (referee) ; Rozkošný, Miloš (advisor)
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is commonly used for determining how fast biological organisms use up oxygen in a body of water. It is one of the essential methods used in water quality management and assessment. BOD could be considered as a quality level indicator of biologically treated water. This process is very time-dependent but most common period of incubation is five days - BOD(5). In this thesis different periods of incubation are compared - for BOD(5) with five days incubation period and BOD(2+5) with five days incubation period but also placed for two days to lowered temperature environment. These comparative tests were made for different types of water (surface water, waste water - water from mechanical level and biological level of treatment) For all kinds of determination of BOD the dilution method was used (ČSN EN 1899).
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Biological pretreatment sewages water
Veselý, Václav ; Beňo, Zdeněk (referee) ; Pěček, Jan (advisor)
Bachelor's thesis deals with waste water purification at the stage of pre-inflow of water into the biological waste water treatment plants. It is divided into two parts, a theoretical and calculation. The theoretical part deals about sewage water and the method of biological treatment. Design proposal is part of the activation tank for quantity EO.
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Nursing care by children on biological treatment for Crohn's disease
KOUBOVÁ, Marta
This bachelor's work with the title: Nursing care of children with the Crohn´s disease going through biological treatment concerns with the care specifics which are necessary for the child´s patient during biological treatment giving. The Crohn´s disease has been along with the ulcerous colitis called by omnibus term for idiopatic intestinal inflammation characterised also by the abbreviation IBD from the English Inflammatory Bowel Disease. It refers to chronic inflammatory intestinal disease which affects intestine segmentally with intestine mucous membrane hitting in total thickness and has been characterised by remise and relapse phases. In the treatment connection, the aim is life quality improvement not only at the children but also at the adults. In the curative scheme the biological treatment has a high therapeutic potential which is from the costs viewpoint applied at relatively small sample of patients. For this bachelor´s work objects fulfillment was qualitative research investigation. Within research investigation were two aims determined. First goal was finding if nurses know specifics of the nursing care of children with the Crohn´ s disease. Second goal was to find out if nurses know biological treatment giving principles. On the basis of mentioned bachelor´s work aims the explorative questions were set: Which knowledge do nurses have of care at the children with the Crohn´s disease going through biological treatment? How do nurses ensure specific nursing care of children with the Crohn´s disease going through biological treatment? Which principles do nurses consider important at the care of the Crohn´s disease children going through biological treatment? The empirical part of bachelor´s work was processed in the form of data qualitative analysis using semi-structured talks and participated hidden monitoring. The research file consisted of eight respondents who participate upon applications of biological treatment at children with the Crohn´s disease diagnostics. Respondents answerred on the basis of own knowledge and acquired experience. The conversations were processed using open coding technique method pencil and paper. The categories and codes were processed into thought maps representing also respondents answers. The research investigation was added by semi-structured talk with the child´s gastroenterologist ensuring the biological care. The hidden participated monitoring was other used method taken at the same research file during the biological treatment application with focus on nursing care. Under the bachelor´s work will be organized the course on the basis of theoretical part and acquired results in the children´s ward of the České Budějovice hospital with orientation on nurses applying biological treatment and also on nurses unknowing in this problems.
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The biologic treatment of patiens with Inflammatory bowel diseases
BARTYZALOVÁ, Martina
The thesis titled Biological Therapy in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases deals with the needs of clients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis prior and after biological therapy. The role of nurses in biological therapy centres, including the application of this therapy, was also investigated. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are inflammatory bowel diseases. They are chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, which are accompanied by ample extraintestinal symptoms. This thesis also deals with biological therapy that involves the administration of highly effective substances of biological nature that inhibit specific sites of inflammatory reactions. This therapy is provided in centres of biological therapy and is used not only in gastroenterology but also in rheumatology and oncology. Teams of experts work in biological therapy centres; the task of these teams is to provide a comprehensive holistic health care. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and an empirical part. The theoretical part focuses mainly on Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and biological therapy that helps patients suffering from these diseases. The methodological section employed qualitative research using in-depth semi-structured interviews with patients suffering from idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases and with nurses who deal with these patients when applying biological therapy. Since head nurses from gastroenterology departments did not wish to record the interviews with a recorder, they were recorded in writing and transcribed subsequently. The questions dealt with the issues of biological therapy in connection with inflammatory bowel diseases. All the acquired data was processed with the Atlas.ti programme, which is designed for encoding, processing and interpretation of large amounts of textual and graphic qualitative data. Based on the research, an educational brochure for patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases was complied as well as educational materials for nurses starting work in biological therapy centres. Furthermore, the results can be used by nurses in practice and nursing students too.
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Influence of biological therapy on the level of self-sufficiency in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
JELENOVÁ, Michaela
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease manifested mainly by stiffness and pain in joints. The main trouble of the disease lies in deterioration of patients´ quality of life resulting form painful syndromes and impaired function of joints. This progressive disease often leads to disability and invalidity, therefore rheumatic arthritis is an important therapeutic and social problem due to demanding nursing and social care and financial requirements. Significant changes in rheumatic arthritis treatment have occurred recently. Biological treatment has become a new therapeutic method. Data suggesting that this kind of therapy may slow or even halt the x-ray progression of the disease have been obtained.
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Treatment of Patients in a Specialized Establishment - a Centre for the Cure of Rheumatological Disorders in the South Bohemian Region
Valentová, Monika ; Střítecký, Rudolf (advisor) ; Augustinová, Sevda (referee)
Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis belong among serious disorders, that effect joints and connective tissue. The patients suffer from pain and stiffness. Disease modifying drugs are an important part in the management of rheumatical disorders. When disease modifying drugs are failing, than biologic treatment is applied. For biologic treatment are registred etanercept (Enbrel), adalimumab (Humira), rituximab (MabThera), abatacept (Orencia) and infliximab (Remicade). In the Czech Republic was established the National registry of rheumatic disorders. There is a need of long term observations of patients, who have biologic treatment, to evaluate safety and socioeconomic data of the biologic treatment.
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