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Russian federation and its Natural Energy
Lamborová, Denisa ; Jeníček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Abrhám, Josef (referee)
Diploma thesis describes situation of Russian federation as an energy power. It is concerned with relationships of EU and Russia, especially with the distribution of russian energy resources to Europe. It describes projected gas pipelines, which do not cross the territory of Ukraine. Thesis analyses European union dependence on energy supplies (especially gas supplies) from Russia and is concerned with the question of Energy security. In the thesis there are introduced both relationships of Russia and EU (one subchapter is devoted also to relationships of Russia and Czech republic) and relationships of Russia and China -- rising and rapidly growing economy which needs a lot of energy resources to its growth, therefore China increases its energy demand and turns its interest to Russia. The main contribution of the thesis is conducted analysis of the situation of Russia as energy power and analysis of russian relationships with Europe (and china) and mentioned solutions of EU-Russia dependence on gas supplies.
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Thin Films of Sb2S3 Doped by Sm3+ Ions
Frumarová, Božena ; Bílková, M. ; Frumar, M. ; Repka, M. ; Jedelský, J.
Pure and Sm3+ doped amorphous thin films of Sb2S3 were prepared by thermal co-evaporation of Sb2S3 and Sm metal. From transmittance measurement, the absorption edge, index of refraction, thickness , Eg opt relative permittivity, single oscillator energy and dispersion energy were determined.
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Economic efficiency of Wind power plants in Czech Republic
Mikláš, Martin ; Antoš, Ondřej (advisor) ; Zemplinerová, Alena (referee)
Work deals with the economic efficiency of wind power plant (WPP) in the territory of the Czech Republic. The first part deals with general problems of negative externalities, which are generally characteristic for the energy sector. There are discussed the ways and approaches that the various theories offered for the elimination of externalities. There are also discussed in detail the various theories and approaches, for example: R.H. Coaseho and A.C.Pigoua. The second part of work is focused on the history, development, technology of wind power plant, the conditions of construction, financing and production of electricity. It mentioned specific tools for supporting the construction of wind power plant in the Czech Republic and comparison with other EU countries. This section focuses on the costs associated with construction, involvement in the grid (and other costs related to construction), production of electricity WPP in the Czech Republic, including the implicit costs into account. The last part of answer to the question of why States subsidizes the energy, why are the support tools used in the context of the theory of externalities, if the preference for the use of renewable sources of combustion of fossil fuels economically justified and effective, even if the Czech Republic. In conclusion, the work will be proposed to the most appropriate solutions in the area of WPP in the Czech Republic.
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Modelling of Radiobiological Mechanisms in Cells and Tissues
Hromčíková, Hana
Title: Modelling of radiobiological mechanisms in cells and tissues Author: Hana Hromcikova Department: Institute of Physics of the ASCR, v. v. i. Supervisor: RNDr. Milos Lokajicek, DrSc. Supervisor's e-mail address: lokaj@fzu.cz Abstract: The probabilistic two-stage model of cell inactivation enables to derive the characteristics of DNA damage induction and repair by an- alyzing published experimental survival data. To analyze in detail the cell inactivation effects of different ions at various energies, damage induction and repair processes in seA^eral hamster and human cell lines have been studied. Published survival data for Chinese hamster CHO- Kl cells and their radiosensitive mutants xrs5 irradiated by carbon ions and normal human nbroblasts irradiated by several light ions have been analyzed using the probabilistic two-stage model. The specialattention is paid to studying the cellular repair processes. The comparison with two common used radiobiological models, the Linear quadratic model and the Local Effect Model, will be presented, too. Keywords: irradiation, damage to DNA, cell survival curves, cell repair, radiobiological model
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Methodical study of surface tension of epidermal lipids
Lasák, Roman ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Musilová, Marie (referee)
The theoretical part brings a brief overview of selected relevant papers dealing with measurements of advancing and receding contact angles. These studies deal with the methods of determination of free surface energy, determination of contact angles, estimation of free equilibrium surface energy components, changes in the level of components of free surface skin energy following washing, Marangoni effect in water, advancing, receding and equilibrium contact angles, measurement of dynamic adhesive tension and dynamic contact angles. In the experimental part, the Krüss K100 tensiometer equiped with the plate method was used to measure the surface tension and contact angles of distilled water at 37řC on the surfaces impregnated with examined substances in selected proportions and dissolved in volatile solvent. The measuring plate surface was impregnated with prepared samples in advance; the first samples: palmitic acid and oleic acid with cholesterol; the second samples: cholesterol sodium sulphate in mixtures with cholesterol and selected fatty acid, as well as in combination with cholesterol, 14S24 and oleic acid; the third samples: N-acetyl-D-sphingosin, N-hexanoyl-D- sphingosin, 12SG12, 12GV12 in the solution alone, as well as in combinations with cholesterol and in combination with cholesterol...
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The Occurence of Muscle Activity in Correlation with the EEG Recording of Developmentally Different Groups of Rats
Feštrová, Veronika ; Otáhal, Jakub (advisor) ; Konopková, Renata (referee)
Objective: The aim of this thesis is to determine both the number and incidence of muscle twitches muscle activity in individual groups of pups in rats, possibly record the simultaneous occurrence of EEG activity, which points to the involvement of cortical levels of motor control. Method: The experiment was conducted on 4 groups of pups in rats, divided according to age, which was performed by the EMG electrodes into the extracellular space neck muscles and electrodes 6 - 4 sensor, reference and ground epidural placed for EEG activity. Have also been reported already mentioned curves and captured video footage necessary for final processing and analysis. Results: After statistical evaluation of experimental data has been demonstrated numerous of muscle jerks with developmentally youngest experimental group P7 and occurrence locomotor activity in developmentally older groups correlated with increased activation in cerebral cortex, which was confirmed by increased levels of energy and entropy of the EEG signal. These values also increased with increasing age, as evidenced by the gradual maturation of cortical motor control. Keywords: motor ontogenesis, surface electromyography, electroencephalography, descending path, rat, clonus Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Sensitizers, Acceptors and Secondary Sources of Singlet Oxygen and Their Supramolecular Complexes with Cyclodextrins
Slavětínská, Lenka ; Mosinger, Jiří (advisor) ; Němcová, Irena (referee) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
l. Introduction 1.1. Singlet oxygen Singlet molecular oxygen 'o, 1'Á,) has been intensively investigated by the chemists and biologists over the few decades, primarily due to its high reactivity and cytotoxity. singlet oxygen is common term for oxygen molecules in two lowest-lying excited energy states lo2 1'Á.1 and 'oz('E.) differing in occupation of HoMo orbitals, energy and lifetime. First singlet excited state 'o, (t^r) is generated, if two electrons with antiparallel spin occupy one antibonding n* orbital. The configuration of the molecular orbitals ofthe singlet excited state r02(rts) is identical to that ofthe ground state' except that the last two electrons have antiparallel spinsr'2. Singlet oxygen is short-lived' highly oxidative cýotoxic species. Its |ifetime significantly depends on type of solvent2'r. Singlet oxygen can be generated vla photosensitized reaction. The mechanism includes the formation of the sensitizer triplet state and transfer of energy to triplet oxygen leading to lo,1'Á,) formation o.''u 1see Fig. l). Singlet ox;-'een can be a|so produced by the number of chemical reactions. e.g. using H2O2/CIO' ,.r, Hrorl MoOq2- e'r. and H2o2/cao2rr systems based on disproporcionation of H2o2that leads to H2o andrO2.
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Czech atomic law
Křížek, Tomáš ; Drobník, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Damohorský, Milan (referee)
The Czech Nuclear law The Nuclear law is an importnat part of the Environmental law. The Nuclear law regulates the peaceful use of nuclear energy and of inonizing radiation, which are the activities potentially dangerous for the environment. This area is a component of a special part of the Environmental law. The ionizing radiation is classified as a particular source of hazard to the environment. This diploma thesis deals with the Czech Nuclear law, and that by means of characterization of a valid legal regulations in the context of international and European law and by means of an analysis of the questions of building and operation of nuclear power stations in Czech republic. The main source of the Czech legal regulation is the Act No. 18/1997 Coll., on peaceful use of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation (Nuclear law) and changes and amendments of some laws. The Nuclear law is a high-quality legal regulation of the peaceful use of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation, which respects the requirements of the international and European law, comparable with the legal regulations of other advanced countries. After a short presentation of the history of development of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation use, the first part of this thesis oulines both the international and European legal regulations of this...
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Retrospective diagnosis of unknown cause of sudden infant death
Strnadová, Kristina ; Lebl, Jan (advisor) ; Janda, Jan (referee) ; Plavka, Richard (referee) ; Vízek, Martin (referee)
Background: Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is defined as sudden unexpected death of an infant that remains unexplained after thorough post-mortem examination, investigation of the scene of death and case history. The autopsy findings and the physiological characteristics of these infants suggest a possible role of insufficient cardiorespiratory control and arousal mechanisms. The etiology is probably multifactorial based on a genetic predisposition combined with environmental factors. Several candidate genes have been studied, e.g. those involved in serotonin transport, autonomic nervous system embryology, inflammation, energy production, nicotine and glucose metabolism. A small number of cases may be caused by monogenic diseases that can lead to sudden death and leave no characteristic autopsy findings and thus imitate SIDS. Fatty acid beta-oxidation disorders (FAOD) have been associated with SIDS since 1976 and it is nowadays estimated that they may be responsible for about 1% of SIDS cases. Congenital long QT syndrome, a cardiac channelopathy, that may cause a fatal arrhythmia was a logical candidate for SIDS and indeed it was found out that about 9,5% of SIDS cases carry a mutation or a function changing variant in one of seven cardiac ion channel genes. We assumed that the severe salt...
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Trends and contexts of development of the energy sector
Novotná, Petra ; Czesaný, Slavoj (advisor) ; Munzi, Tomáš (referee)
The world is nowadays dependent on energies, which become scarcer and scarcer. Petroleum reserves are shrinking and it is necessary to find new suitable substitutes. Energy consumption is increasing and energy crises are threatening the whole world. This caused price increased of all energies. Prices and consumption can decrease because of economic crisis, however when recession is over prices of energies are likely to grow again. Economic crisis can cause energy sources are predominantly located in politically unstable countries and other countries are dependent on them. National strategies on energy sector are therefore crucial. The Czech Republic with other countries consumes more energy than actually needed. Savings on energies are becoming more important. The production and consumption of energies have harmful by-products polluting the environment which is not desirable. Renewable resources are much less harmful to the environment but their consumption is still limited. Big potential could be also in nuclear energy and coal power plants with new technologies. The goal of this paper is to analyse individual indicators of energy sector of the Czech Republic and compare it internationally, set the strengths and weaknesses of this sector.
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