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Ergotherapy for People with HIV Dementia
Trávníčková, Vlasta ; Sivek, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Janečková, Hana (referee)
HIV/AIDS is a global threat with no cure. Millions of victims suffer from this illness without a possibility to be treated properly. Mildmay hospital in north east London specializes in care and rehabilitation for those who have this illness and live in the UK. It has a unique rehabilitation programme for those with HIV related brain impairment (HRBI). HRBI is part of a disease process. One part of the whole rehabilitation programme is an occupational therapy, which aims to improve patients' activities of daily living and enjoy their lives in its fullness. Multidisciplinary approach allows assessing the rehabilitation and care needs for each person. The result is an individually tailored and structured rehabilitation programme. Patient meets those interdisciplinary members that are most appropriate for his/ her particular needs. It is depended on the stage of the illness but if the rehabilitation is combined with the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) there usually is a success. After the four week assessment period a discharge planning starts. Patients usually return back into their communities or they go into residential or nursing home care. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Art therapy's methods use at work with handicapped children
Němcová, Jindřiška ; Vítečková, Michaela (advisor) ; Vlasáková Charyparová, Michaela (referee)
The thesis deals with using art therapy's methods and technique by multi-handicapped children. The first chapter characterizes multi-handicap, defines various disorders and their influence on the personality of a child. The second chapter introduces the therapy options which can be applied to multi-handicapped children, with a strong accent on artetherapy. In the third chapter there are various artetherapic methods and techniques which can be applied to multi-handicapped children. The fourth chapter shows creative expressions of children with the main accent on drawing, painting and modeling. The practical part describes civil associations where the research has been carried out, and presents the results of the research by means of five case studies. Keywords Multi-handicap, mental handicap, physical defect, cerebral defense, sensory defects, autism, art therapy, ergotherapeutics, music therapy, trampoline therapy, canistherapy, hippotherapy, snoezelen, artetherapic methods, drawing, painting, modeling
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Frequency of multiple head and neck tumors on department of otorhinolaryngology of FNKV hospital from 1984 to 2009
Cimalová, Lenka ; Čoček, Aleš (advisor)
The incidence of malignant tumors of head and neck is rising worldwide and the incidence of subsequent neoplasms in this area is increasing as well. Diagnosis can be difficult. Most patients underestimate symptoms and a large proportion of disease is diagnosed at a late stage. The common feature of head and neck tumors is their histological composition (90-95% are squamous cell carcinomas with varying degrees of differentiation) and a tendency to locally spread with the early emergence of locoregional metastases. The group most at risk is men over 45 years old, especially cigarette smokers and drinkers - especially spirits. Other risk factors include infection of HPV and HSV viruses, occupational pollution, poor nutrition, poor oral hygiene and inadequate dental prosthesis and so on. The role of prevention seems to be essential in case of head and neck cancer. According to the American Cancer Society 85-90% of head and neck tumors is caused by tobacco products. This is one of the reasons why the fight against smoking has become a major global prevention effort. The crucial role in the treatment of these tumors has a surgical treatment and radiotherapy, but chemotherapy has just a limited effect. The future way of therapy is likely to be a biological treatment. The multiple tumors mean subsequent primary...
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The Evaluation of Selected Technology and Materials from the Viewpoint of Using it in Ergotherapy for People with Various Types of Disabilities
Skalová, Jana ; Beránek, Vladislav (advisor) ; Vodáková, Jitka (referee)
The thesis is working on theme: "Evaluation of chosen techniques and materials from the point of usage in occupational therapy of people with different type and degrease of handicap. " The one of the goals of this work is to offer using waste material in ergo therapy especially in development of fine mobility and development of environmental feeling of world among pupils with mental handicap. The theory part of this work deals with ergo therapy, mobility and special educational system in Norway and shortly comparison of Czech and Norwegian school system. The practical part of this thesis focuses on making products from waste material with a group of pupils with mental handicap. Whole thesis is supplemented by pictures from Norwegian schools and by pictures of products made by pupils.
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Physiotherapy in skoliosis
KOLIBÍKOVÁ, Šárka
Abstract The title and focus of my bachelor thesis is Physiotherapy in Scoliosis. This topic has been selected intentionally since it is related to me personally, having had problems with my back since childhood. Scoliosis is a three-dimensional spinal deformity. Besides frontal plane, there are also sagittal and transversal plane variations, described as vertebral rotation and torsion. The curve can be simple, double, or even triple in some cases of idiopathic scoliosis. The main goal in scoliosis therapy is to prevent further progression of scoliotic changes, or, if possible, to improve the defect of the spinal position. The other important factor with an effect on scoliosis is substitution of incorrect postural and movement patterns with correct ones. An individual approach to each subject is applied during exercises. Many special therapeutic gymnastic methods have been developed with potential positive effects on scoliosis, but without leading to its healing, such as the methods of: Klapp, von Niederhöffer, Gocht-Gessner, Ludmila Mojžíšová, Roswita Brukow, Schroth, Scharrl, hippotherapy, Reflex Locomotion (Vojta therapy), therapy based on basal programs, exercises on balls, electric stimulation, corset therapy{\dots} If the traditional approach to treatment is not successful or the patient came late with an already significantly developed deformity, corrective surgery and stabilisation is necessary. A decision on surgery is a key moment for both the physician and patient or child{\crq}s parents. Surgery aims to straighten the curve as much as possible and to keep this erection permanently. In my research, I used the Schroth based method. It is a special method for treatment of multicurved profile dislocation and static changes of the scoliotic body. One of the key roles is the usage of corrective pads, pillows or foam balls which are placed in such a way as to help the best possible correction of the curvature. Patients perform their exercises in this position, with targeted breathing gymnastics {--} derotation by breathing. Relaxation and stretching exercises are also useful in this method. I have conducted "research" in two adolescent patients with diagnosed scoliosis. The exercise group was active for half a year, every two weeks. Therapy by Mrs. Schroth is very demanding and requires extensive synergy and motivation of the patient. Results of my study indicate that both patients have achieved correction of their scoliotic posture. They have a better perception of their body and there is a visual cosmetic improvement, which is also an important result.
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Health benefits of Tai Chi performance and its usage as a complementary therapy in rehabilitation
Dzvoník, Ján ; Truc, Michal (advisor) ; Kobesová, Alena (referee)
This thesis is addressed to chinese martial art Tai Chi, which it wants, among other things, to introduce on the basis of information acquired from evidence based medicine studies. This thesis presents basic pieces of knowledge about Tai Chi and its appropriate effect on patients with cardiovascular diseases, osteoarthrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, Parkinson disease and balance disorders. It also considers the usage of Tai Chi in fall prevention among the elderly, biomechanical characteristics and effectiveness of Tai Chi on mental state of human being. This work also briefly compares Tai Chi with other approaches from the field of kinesiotherapy and physiotherapy. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Raising the Quality of Life for Persons with Mental Disabilities in the Framework of Ergotherapy and Work Activities
Burdová, Jana ; Zemková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Vodáková, Jitka (referee)
My disertation work is oriented on a menthod of occupational therapy and its use in working with adullts with intelectual disabilities. In the theoretical partare delimited off basic concepts (fundamental concepts) pertaining people with intelectual disabilities. Additionally in the theoretical part I would like to take in some rudimentary existing information about an occupational therapy. In Additionally part I will audition test Dr. Giinzburg and my own test ADL in client DUSP Tloskov, to map their life and their working (occupationally) activities and effect (influence) working activities increment in quality their of life.
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Optimalizace reprodukce a kvality gamet u okounovitých ryb
KŘIŠŤAN, Jiří
Pond and intensive aquaculture of percids relies mainly on juveniles supplied by semi-artificial and artificial reproduction. Fish hatcheries do not always provide optimal conditions for percid reproduction. This project was undertaken to optimize reproduction methods of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) and pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.). Reproduction parameters were compared in farmed and pond-reared perch broodstock without hormone treatment. Spawning was successful without hormone induction at 92.3% and 76.9% in farmed and pond-reared perch, respectively. Significant differences in morphological characteristics (gonadosomatic, hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices), fecundity, hatching, and post-spawning mortality were detected. All results, with the exception of spawning success and post-spawning mortality, were superior in pond reared broodstock. Further studies are required to optimize protocols for using better artificial food in farmed perch and decreased stress and post-spawning mortalities in pond reared perch broodstock. The possibilities of using clove oil, Propiscin, or 2-phenoxyethanol as an alternative to tricaine methane sulphonate (MS222) as anaesthetic, particularly with respect to reducing fish stress, were investigated. The haematological and biochemical profiles of pikeperch anaesthetized with clove oil (33 mg l?1), Propiscin (1.5 ml l?1), 2-phenoxyethanol (0.3 ml l?1), and MS222 (150 mg l?1) were determined. Each tested group was divided into two subgroups; the first subgroup was sampled 10 min after application and the second 24 h post-application. Clove oil was shown to be associated with the lowest effects in pikeperch, and therefore could be recommended as an alternative to MS222, while Propiscin and 2-phenoxyethanol were shown to be unsuitable for use with pikeperch. In Eurasian perch the use of semi-artificial reproduction for mass production of embryos was shown to be simpler and more effective. With mass incubation, 1 134 000 embryos (59% of total production) were obtained with a semi-artificial spawning regime and 796 000 embryos (41% of total production) with artificial spawning. Based on these results, we can recommend the semi-artificial spawning for production of perch embryos. Differing doses of two commonly used hormone preparations: human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and mammalian GnRHa (Supergestran) were tested for induction of ovulation in pikeperch. A broad range of effective doses is used in aquaculture of pikeperch. The minimal effective dose based on ovulation success is still missing. Hormone therapy applied to excess can result a detrimental impacts on broodstock fecundity and quality of eggs. Results indicated that a single injection of hCG or Supergestran could be used for successful ovulation, while no spawning was observed in a control group treated by saline solution. Among hormone treated groups, the best results were observed in groups treated with hCG at 500 and 750 IU kg-1 BW and in groups treated with mGnRHa at 25 ?g kg-1 BW. The sperm of pikeperch and Eurasian perch show similar morphology and fine structure, with the exception of differences in arrangement of midpiece and centrioles and the presence of a fin-like structure on the flagellum in pikeperch. Our results suggest use of an activation medium containing Ca2+ for activation of short-term stored sperm. Efficacy of five concentrations of Alcalase enzyme for elimination of egg stickiness compared to a milk/talc suspension was determined. Results indicated that 0.5-2.0 ml l-1 of Alcalase for 2 min may increase pikeperch egg hatching success (80-85%) compared to the milk-talc suspension. The highest hatching rate (85.4%) was observed with 1.5 ml l-1 of Alcalase. The application of Alcalase successfully eliminated pikeperch egg stickiness in 2 min compared to 60 min with traditional milk/clay/talc methods.
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Crime and juvenile delinquency in basic schools in the Klatovy District.
BLÁHOVÁ, Václava
This dissertation looks at crime and juvenile delinquency in basic schools in the Klatovy District. The theoretical section gives a concise appraisal of Act No. 218/2003 Coll., on Juvenile Justice, as well as the internal and external factors potentially influencing the socially pathological behaviour of young people. The study examines current patterns of youth criminality in the Czech Republic and developing trends connected with the issue over recent years, which it then briefly compares to the wider EU experience. The possibilities for intervention work by government departments dealing with education, the police and the justice system with young people at risk is studied in the subsequent chapter. The overall aim of the dissertation is to map the occurrence of predominantly minor offences and juvenile delinquency at basic schools in the Klatovy District in terms of gender, as I suspect that this indicator will feature strongly in the structure of socially pathological youth behaviour. Research was used to determine young people{\crq}s awareness regarding liability for their actions, and what kinds of offences or delinquent activities they most frequently perpetrate. An anonymous questionnaire with 32 closed, half-open and open format questions was used to collect data, and was presented to 303 respondents in years 7, 8 and 9 at five different basic schools. Of the total number of students, 49% were female and 51% male. Schools were deliberately chosen to fulfil the task set by the dissertation, i.e. the question of gender was a primary concern. The aim of the questionnaire was to find out what kinds of socially pathological activities are perpetrated by youths at basic school, and based on the subsequent findings, to decide whether current intervention work with young people at risk in the Klatovy District is sufficient. The research itself corresponds in several areas with data available from the Youth Crime Prevention Officer. In particular, it confirms that delinquency often involves driving motor vehicles without driving licences and the consumption of alcohol. The survey investigation demonstrated young people{\crq}s ignorance of the various age thresholds of criminal liability for their actions, the ascendancy of petty theft, aggression towards classmates and the consumption of illegal drugs. The research points to the conclusion that intervention and work with these groups of young people at risk in the Klatovy District, in terms of preventing illegal drug use and therapy, is insufficient, which similarly applies to the prevention of petty theft, consumption of alcohol, bullying and driving without a valid licence. The elimination of such pathological behaviour will only be successful provided that closer contact is established between school students and prevention workers (school psychologists, counsellors, etc.), as well as other potential organisations, such as the Czech Police, anti-drug co-ordinators and social workers.
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HAVING A BODY, BEING A BODY - research, performance and integration project
Jungová, Kateřina ; MIKOTOVÁ, Zoja (advisor) ; PILÁTOVÁ, Jana (referee)
Master thesis discusses a reflection of a project To have a body, to be a body which took place in the years 2009 ? 2012. Its topic was a human body and the way how we approach our corporeity and how we relate to it in present days. The project included the experience of people with various types of health or social handicap and also a people whose relationship to own bodies was influenced by their profession. The first part which was the research part included the series of six workshops with following groups: people with mental handicap, boys from juvenile detention center, elderly people, people with physical handicap, IT experts and physicians. The teachers of the workshops were utilizing various movement concepts, approaches and methods (e.g. Feldenkrais method, modern dance, rhythmics, dance and movement therapy, dramatherapy, physiotherapy, neutral mask?) with a common goal to bring the participants to self-expression and self-recognition through their own bodies and authentic movement. In the second part which was the performance part, the authorial performance was created (publicly performed in the years 2010 ? 2012), in which the participants of former workshops took part as authors and performers. The project has had inclusive and integrative aspects. The thesis provides an insight into the project by means of thematic profiles based on its major topics ? it includes chapters Lecturers, teachers and their work in the groups, Group dynamics, Assistance and its changes during the project, Integration, inclusion, re-socialization and project etc.). Among others, one of the resources is wide documentary material gathered continuously during the project. It includes quotes from diary records, interviews with teachers, assistants, participants and curators of workshop groups and from questionnaires for participants and authors of the project. There is rich video and photo documentation added to the thesis.
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