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Changes of posturality after operation according Nuss
Počtová, Barbora ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Čech, Zdeněk (referee)
Background: Pectus excavatum is the most common deformation of the chest, affecting mainly boys. The etiology is unclear. Objective: The aim of this study is to characterize the patients with pectus excavatum and clarify changes of posture after surgical correction by Nuss. Method: 19 patients (17.3 ± 1.9 years) with pectus excavatum chest deformity were tested a day before and 6 months after surgical correction of the chest according to Nuss. Testing included: clinical examination of range of motion in the shoulder and hip joint, range of motion of the spine Thomayer test, Shober and Stibor distances, as well as paraclinic test mCTSIB on Balance Master ® System and the questionnaire method by means of Pectus Excavatum Evaluation Questionnaire. Statistical significance was determined at 0.05. Results and Discussion: The results show that the correction of the chest has a significant influence on the evaluation of and satisfaction with appearance, increases range of motion of shoulder joints and spine, and positively affects postural stability and balance. Conclusion: A simple and non-invasive tests have shown that the effect of correction of the chest is not just a cosmetic nature and can be an incentive to continue to study this issue.
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Intestinal transplantation on an experimental model.
Oliverius, Martin ; Adamec, Miloš (advisor) ; Gürlich, Robert (referee) ; Kala, Zdeněk (referee)
Intestinal transplantation represents a life-saving procedure for patients with an intestinal failure. An experiment on pigs was carried out during the preparation part of a clinical project in the Czech Republic. The main aim of the experiment was to successfully master the transplant surgery technique (i.e. small bowel harvesting, its preservation, followed by the transplantation). Another goal was to decide on the optimal immunosuppressive regime. Immunosuppression was based on tacrolimus monotherapy or its combination with sirolimus. A graft biopsy still remains the most reliable method for the diagnosis of an acute cellular rejection. In an attempt to find a suitable noninvasive humoral marker of the acute cellular rejection, we examined the correlation between plasma citrulin level and the acute rejection. The plasmatic level of proinflamatory and antiinflamatory cytokines was investigated as another potential marker of the rejection. We succeeded in standardizing the technique of intestinal transplantation. Connecting the graft to aorta and inferior vena cava is simpler and safer than connecting it to the portomesenteric vessel bed due to fewer subsequent complications. Both immunosuppressive regimes seem to be equally effective in preventing the acute cellular rejection. Histopathological...
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Preparation and characterization of highly filled composite materials for dental applications
Gavroňová, Ivana ; Bystřický, Zdeněk (referee) ; Poláček, Petr (advisor)
Master thesis deals with highly filled particulate composite materials for dental applications. In the practical part, the dimetacrylate matrix was filled with a mixture of particles of different types and different sizes to achieve the maximum possible packing. Moreover, filler content and the influence of filler on composite material was studied. Hydrolytic stability was also tested on composite materials. The methods used to characterize composite materials were bending test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning photocalorimetry (DPC), dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Curing of the matrix was characterized by the degree of conversion, the heat of polymerization and the polymerization rate. Furthermore the polymerization shrinkage was measured. The glass transition temperature, the dynamic modulus at 40 °C and 100 °C, the modulus of elasticity, the strength, the critical value of the stress factor and the critical energy release rate were found in the tested samples.
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Pokračování studie Kuopio 75+: Prevalence ortostatické hypotenze
Henzlová, Veronika ; Čečková, Martina (advisor) ; Štaud, František (referee)
Kuopio study 75+: The prevalence of orthostatic hypotension Veronika Henzlová Abstract This master thesis deals with the prevalence of orthostatic hypotension in home-dwelling elderly. It is a part of the follow-up study Kuopio 75+ conducted in 2003 in Finland. SPSS 14 was used for statistic purpose. The prevalence of orthostatic hypotension was stated to be 23,7%. No difference in prevalence was found in genders, age groups and systolic blood pressure groups.
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Elastic properties of blood veins with a scaffold
Frost, Miroslav ; Kružík, Martin (referee) ; Maršík, František (advisor)
Presented master's thesis deals with modeling of a NiTiNOL wire under thermal and uniaxial mechanical loading. NiTiNOL can undergo reversible martensitic phase transformation and thus belongs among shape memory alloys. In the form of a thin wire it is used in many applications (e.g. as a reinforcement for veins). MT is studied with respect to the extended non-equilibrium thermomechanics of mixtures and the Clusius-Clapeyron equation is derived for it. A new phenomenological model iRLOOP, developed at AS CR, simulating thermomechanical behavior of a NiTiNOL wire is mathematically formulated. Restrictions on tting functions in proposed hysteresis mechanism are derived from the second law of thermodynamics. The existence and uniqueness of the solution of an initial problem are proven for the superelasticity model. Experiments are compared with results modeled by numerical implementation of iRLOOP.
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Complications during the hospitalization in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Kotrč, Martin ; Pěnička, Martin (advisor)
Temu his master's thesis complications during hospitalization in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention of (PCI ) I chose on the basis of his great interest in cardiology and more specifically coronary heart disease. The art wants give both professionally in the future and therefore work gave me deepening of information and knowledge , which, as I hope , do I redeem in the future in their medical practice . Coronary heart disease and mortality either directly to consequences of myocardial infarction or its complications is one The forward civilizačných problems currently . In the Czech Republic was the number of hospitalizations for acute MI in 1996 26026 , the mortality rate was 157.6 males / females and 100,000 109,2 / 100 000 inhabitants . In 2000 it was with acute MI 22 042 hospitalized with a decrease in mortality rates among men 18% and 17% of women . Average , treating time was between the years 1994 and 1999 shortened from 12.7 to 8.9 per day , ie about 30 %. but still diseases circulation system in the Czech Republic remain the leading cause of and causing the death of 54.9 % of all deaths ( ÚZIS , 2000). Prehospitalizačná mortality during the past 30 years decreased only slightly , but on the other hand , due to rapid development of...
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Kinesiotherapy of patients with Parkinson's disease
Kadeřábková, Michaela ; Savková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Molnár, Petr (referee)
Author: Michaela Kadeřábková Department: Department of rehabilitation medicine Title of the master thesis: Kinesiotherapy of patients with Parkinson's disease Supervisor: Mgr. Pavlína Savková Number of pages: 81 Number of attachments: 6 The year of presentation: 2012 Key words: Parkinson's disease, rehabilitation, tremor, rigidity Bachelor thesis deals with in the theoretical part about the origin, clinical symptoms and especially the treatment of PD. The treatments focuses primarily on rehabilitation treatment and analyzes kinesitherapy and its possibilities. The practical part is devoted to treatment of patients who suffer from this disease. Kinesiotherapy in selected patients is concentrated on major problems and their physical shortcomings.
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Microstructure and mechanical properties of lightweight structural AZ31 alloy prepared by twin-roll casting method.
Zimina, Mariia ; Cieslar, Miroslav (advisor)
Title: Microstructure and mechanical properties of lightweight structural AZ31 alloy prepared by twin-roll casting method Author: Mariia Zimina Abstract: Microstructure of AZ31 twin-roll cast magnesium alloy was studied using light optical, electron and atomic force microscopy. The effect of annealing temperature on the microstructure was tested. Mechanical properties of a thin magnesium strip were investigated by means of microhardness tests and tensile tests at a relatively low strain rate 10-3 s-1 . Results show that the ductility of the twin roll cast strip increases with increasing deformation temperature, however, a remarkable decrease was observed at about 200 řC. This effect appears also in a conventionally cast ingot of a master alloy and is caused by a change of a deformation mode occurring at this temperature. Moreover, the effect of severe plastic deformation on the microstructure and mechanical properties was studied. Equal channel angular pressing was applied on magnesium strip samples and lead to a significant grain refinement accompanied by an unfavorable strengthening of the initial basal texture, which is effectively suppressed by a subsequent annealing. A constrained groove pressing was for the first time successfully applied on AZ31 twin-roll cast strip leading to an increase of...
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Demographic and Epidemiology Study of Patients with Pelvic Injury
Derevjaník, Peter ; Džupa, Valér (advisor)
Severe pelvic injury is usually caused by high injury and is often associated with injuries to other organ systems [l, 5, 18, 24, 26, 28, 31]. The exposed surface of cancellous bone of the pelvis and injured surrounding vascular structures can be a source of excessive bleeding causing hemorrhagic shock with fatal consequences for the patient [3,4,6, 14, 15, 17, 23]. For mastering This initial condition is serious fracture treatment of pelvic challenging for patient and nursing staff and can have debilitating effects [7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 16, 20, 25, 26]. Pelvic injury occurs primarily in younger people and middle-aged, so has significant social accent [2, 11, 24, 18, 21, 26]. In the present work, we present an overview of basic demographic and epidemiological data on patients treated for a fractured pelvis in our the Traumacentre.
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Protection of the privacy of patients in Gynaecology and Maternity department
Zajíčková, Markéta ; Haškovcová, Helena (advisor) ; Zelenková, Jana (referee)
This presented master's thesis deals with the protection of the privacy of patients in hospitals. This thesis is divided into two chapters. The first one is called Literature part, and deals with the explanation of such terms like patient, description of the relation between a patient and a doctor, and description of historical development of this relation. It also deals with the problems connected with the stay of patient in hospital and with explanation of the term of privacy. It is interested in protection of privacy in Czech legislative norms and profession ethics codeces, witch are connected with the rights of patients. The second chapter is Practical part and it describes the process of determination of the real status of the protection of privacy of patients at Gynaecology and Maternity of one hospital in the Czech Republic.There were used the technics of quantitative research for gathering datas from this department such as questionnaire, observation and unformal dilogues. This research was aimed at two populations The first one was formed by paramedics and the second one by patients. This research coclusion was that all the paramedics taking part in this project, know the etics codex The Rights of Patients, but almost half of them does not know the document The Convention on Human Rights and...
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