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Atomic weapon as an instrument of peace
Filip, David ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Soběhart, Radek (referee)
Regarding the existence of nuclear weapons, which were never used all over atomic bombings of Nagasaki and Hiroshima as a tool of war against civilian or military targets during the Cold War, I try to give an explanation of "armed peace". I consider the question of why the two superpowers (the USA and the USSR) didn't start a "hot war" that would have been more likely nuclear. As an example of the most critical event will serve me Cuban Missile Crisis, with which can be the description of it understood in broader context. The paper points to the interrelations of opposing ideologies that related to atomic weapons have often drawn the same conclusions. I examine the military-strategic value of the atomic bombs which have shaped international relations troughtout the second half of the twentieth century. Besides the military aspects I also mention economic interpretation of the nuclear arms race and economic potential of the USSR and the USA. Why have in the first instance occured one-sided and than gradually overall disarment, reducing the number of nuclear warheads? I try to documented the explanation out of historical events also by using teoretical models.
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Decision situations in tournament poker
Preibisch, Jan ; Sekničková, Jana (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with factors which are important for making decisions in the game of poker. The goal is to find a way to improve players chances of success in this game. The first two chapters describe the rules of poker and the basics and presumptions of the game theory The following chapters analyze some mathematical models and assumptions for applying these models in the game. These models should find the optimal solution for individuals in decision making situations. It can be considered a static situation, where the behavior of each player is predetermined and the decision maker tries to find an appropriate strategy. It is also can be considered a dynamic situation, when all players react to each other, which heads to equilibrium solution. As a consequence of rising popularity of poker tournaments many strategy books have appeared, as well as analytic software. Nevertheless, it is and probably will remain impossible to solve all decision situations which can occur. A very important factor of success are some gamblers attitude, experience and mental skills. Mathematical knowledge, however, will become more and more important. This thesis will help to understand the basic of mathematic models and their application in poker game.
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Aplikace princípů teorie her v oligopolním prostředí
Strážnický, Matúš ; Hořejší, Bronislava (advisor) ; Fantová Šumpíková, Markéta (referee)
The goals of the master thesis are describing the strategic oligopoly environment of chosen industry of Czech telecommunications, together with introducing basic game theory principles with their possible real case application. It mentions historical shifts in Czech telecommunications sector which influence the actual industry conditions. The thesis briefly describes the individual players in the market and turns its attention towards the industry characterization through standard oligopoly models. Following, it introduces theoretical insight on possible market entry strategies into oligopoly industries. The application part focuses on game-theory in pricing strategies, market entry and entry deterring scenarios with examples. Final part summarizes the objectives in detail and provides final comments on the thesis.
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Application of Game Theory to Analysis Conflict Situations
DOUBRAVOVÁ, Hana
This text describes basic types of games and their application into conflict situations. This text deals especially with decisions taken under risk and uncertainty. In application study the goods order of retail business is analysed. The task is to determine the optimal amount of goods orders to maximalize the company profit. This problem is solved by several ways, which are compared in conclusion.
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Analysis of Corruption in the Czech Republic
Dubovec, Petr ; Pokorný, Pavel (advisor) ; Jiroušek, Radim (referee)
This work will describe and analyze corruption. Corruption has been described from legal point of view. This work has furthermore analyed rationality of the corruption through his utility and strategic decisions in game theory. Finally the legislative intentions of the future government and its evaluetion of the non-profit organization are taken into account.
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Poker as a riskless investment?
Radu, Valentin ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Houdek, Petr (referee)
Poker is considered to be a form of gambling in which luck influences the course and result of the game. However, from a scientific point of view, the element of luck can be proven irrelevant in the long run, if the players use exact sciences in their process of decision making. This Bachelor's thesis analyzes this game and it's importance in history as a consumer good, offering the consumers a certain degree of satisfaction for their demand. It also presents the connection and influences between poker and game theory explaining it's importance in decision making in this game. The body of this thesis explains the application of mathematics and probability in poker and how a player can use them together with statistics to make himself profitable in the long run. Important mathematics based poker theories issued by multiple world champions and their use in the decision of the players are also explained along with how their use can advert the factor of luck and offer a high degree of certainty to the subjects involved in the uncertain game. Finally the thesis researches the economics of poker from the players point of view, but also the giant corporations of this, multinational billion dollar industry, which bring this good to the market for individuals.
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The use game theory and real options valuation in investment decisions
Kuchina, Elena ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Rada, Miroslav (referee)
This work demonstrates a new approach how to evaluate investment projects under uncertainty. This approach consists of the unification of real option valuation and game theory principles. The application of the theoretical foundation of this "option game" is shown on the illustrative example, that represents two-stage game. Analysis of this example compares the investment project's value in case when the R&D investment is not carried out with the case when this investment is made. In latter case there are two different possibilities whether the investment outcomes are proprietary or shared. The present work shows that in the evaluation of investment projects besides standard NPV there is flexibility value and the value of strategic effect; whereas these two components usually go against each other. Within the framework of the given illustrative example a breakdown of the investment project's value is demonstrated in different cases.
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Model Solutions to Energy Supply Local Transportation and Alternative Sources of Transportation
Krtička, Miroslav ; Pirožek, Petr (advisor) ; Mareš, Milan (referee) ; Žufan, Pavel (referee)
The Thesis are focused on the area of strategic management using the strategies selection and decision making processes, based on the Game Theory apparatus. The analyses of local energy sources potential and possible use in local transportation are the basis of the Thesis. The problems of energy maintenance and efficient utilisation have not decreasing its importance even in the situation of technology & technical improvements; there are no universally-suitable processes found in this area. One of the approaches should be in the philosophy of maximising the utilisation of local resources to minimise the expenses of the transportation of the energies itself. The Thesis are focused on the increased efficiency of local energy-resources utilisation combined with continuously increasing energy demands in the area of transportation area. The Target is to construct model, having proportionally characterised the suitable strategies to the decision -- making in the areas of local energies production and/or their utilisation in the area of the local transportation demand saturation. The Game Theory approaches creating the basis for the different interested groups; it allows to compare the advantages of different options / strategies of the progress, having respected counter-strategies of the other parties of the conflict situation. The recommendation of the most advantageous strategies for the individual interested groups of the conflict (transport companies, potential producers of energies from local resources, society) is the result of the process. The construction of the model, having the ability to compare the merits of different options -- related to the energies-utilisation (strategies) is the contribution of the thesis. There is specific approach given to allow finding the results suitable for both interested parties of the conflict situation (producers of the organic matter for the energy production, potential energy producers, local transporting companies). All the results are based mainly on the verified statistic data sources. Resulting model allow good and transparent comparison of different strategies of the different interested groups related to the energy resources. The results could work not only in the area of theoretical calculations, but also companies and interested parties strategies recommendations to their own decision-making processes.
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Application of Game Theory to Oligopolistic Market
Nekola, Jan ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Rada, Miroslav (referee)
This work demonstrates the use of models of game theory to oligopolistic market. It is based on the models of Bertrand, Cournot, Stackelberger, which solves, how optimally the companies decide to maximize their benefit. There is illustrative example here, which is an extension of these models. Decision-making takes place in the several stages, where strategy is suggested according to the certain rules of game theory. Second example deals with the signaling game. My goal is to introduce the theory to the illustrative example and show, how games are sensitive to the changing of information or how specific factors affect the game.
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