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The use of plants for the expression of Human papillomavirus vaccine
Dlabalová, Lucie ; Moravec, Tomáš (advisor) ; Fischer, Lukáš (referee)
Papillomaviruses are causing various diseases from skin warts to the lesions leading to malignant tumours and are widespread among people. For this reason, the current research is trying to develop methods for the production of inexpensive and effective vaccines against both Papillomaviruses and against all other infectious diseases. Currently animal and microbial expression systems are most frequently used for the production of biopharmaceuticals which have several drawbacks and their capacity is limited. This opens up the doors for plants - potentially very efficient producers of biopharmaceuticals. Currently there is rapid development towards the optimization and improvement of the results of plant expression systems and establishing the best and safest methods of their use. This paper summarizes and compares the advantages and disadvantages of different methods of plant transformation, leading either to stable production of the protein of interest in transgenic plants or to transient expression of recombinant virus infecting non-transgenic plants. Furthermore it analyzes the most appropriate plant species, which provide high yields combined with a transformation method and ease of cultivation, describes few basic ways of optimizing expression levels and outlines the future of plant expression systems.
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Summary of the taxonomy of the genus Helix.
Korábek, Ondřej ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Král, David (referee)
Despite the genus Helix Linnaeus, 1758 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) comprises large and common land snail species, it is rather neglected by taxonomists. A vast number of species and subspecies level taxa were described along 19th century, most of them currently not considered as valid. Nevertheless, there remain doubts about species delimitation. It is obvious, that there is great morphological variability in some species, but little is known about its taxonomic value. Today, about forty valid species are recognized. The diversity center of this genus is situated in northeastern Mediterranean. The distribution data of particular taxa are fragmentary and ecology of some species is largely unknown. No collections are still available from extensive areas, thus completion of field collecting can lead to changes in status of some taxa or perhaps even to description of new species. This work is based on the review of available literature and partly also on the study of collection materials. It provides a list of available names in the genus Helix in its present sense. The problems of traits used for species identification as well as weak points of current knowledge of diversity of the genus Helix are briefly discussed.
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Microevolutionary processes in the Czech endemic Campanula bohemica
Hanušová, Kateřina ; Suda, Jan (advisor) ; Vít, Petr (referee)
The genus Campanula L. - bellflower - is the largest group of the family Campanulaceae with a subcosmopolitan distribution and poorly resolved infrageneric classification. The evolutionary history of the genus has been shaped by a number of microevolutionary processes, including interspecific hybridization, genome duplication and geographical isolation, that resulted in the genesis of several endemic or geographically restricted species. The centre of endemism in the Czech Republic lies in subalpine altitudes of the Jeseníky and the Krkonoše (Giant) mountains, where three endemic taxa can be found: C. gelida Kovanda, C. rotundifolia L. subsp. sudetica (Hruby) Soó and C. bohemica Hruby. Despite their evolutionary and biogeographical value, there is a lack of information about their phenotypic variation, population structure, evolutionary history and processes acting in their populations. A critical assessment of these topics would require application of modern biosystematics tools. Campanula bohemica is an endangered neoendemics of higher altitudes in the Krkonoše Mts., closely related to C. scheuchzeri Vill., native to the Alps. The endemic species often grows in sympatry with related and morphologically similar C. rotundifolia. The incidence of intermediate morphotypes suggest that both species can...
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VUMOP – 1504
Fabiánek, Tomáš ; Pivovarník, Marek ; Hanuš, Jan
The object of the hyperspectral campaign VUMOP 1504 was collect a new data from areas with significant affection of soil erosion and verified of the methods from campaign VUMOP 2015. During scanning was used whole spectral range of FLIS – Flying Laboratory of Imaging Spectroscopy. Selection of locality and term for aircraft scanning was established according of phenological phases and selected species of crops.
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Leishmania attachment in permissive vectors and the role of sand fly midgut proteins in parasite-vector interaction
Dostálová, Anna ; Volf, Petr (advisor) ; Traub-Cseko, Yara Maria (referee) ; Rogers, Matthew E. (referee)
of PhD thesis "Leishmania attachment in permissive vectors and the role of sand fly midgut proteins in parasite-vector interaction" Anna Dostalova, MSc. The thesis focuses on the development of protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania in their insect vectors, sand flies. It sums up results of three projects I was involved in during my PhD studies. Main emphasis was put on permissive sand fly species that support development of various species of Leishmania. Using a novel method of binding of fluorescently labeled leishmania promastigotes to the midguts in vitro, we studied the stage- and species-specificity of the binding. We demonstrated that Leishmania midgut binding is strictly stage-dependent, is a property of forms found in the middle phase of development (long and short nectomonad forms), but is absent in early forms occurring in within the blood meal, procyclics, and in final stages, metacyclics. Comparing the binding of several leishmania species, we showed the natural parasite is not necessarily the species that can always bind in vitro most efficiently to the midgut of its vector. In some cases, we even observed significant binding of Leishmania species that do not survive in the midgut of the particular sand fly species in vivo. We conclude that the specificity of in vitro binding...
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Speciation analysis of selenium compounds
Kramulová, Barbora ; Rychlovský, Petr (advisor) ; Šíma, Jan (referee)
Previously, selenium was known as an element with negative properties. However, in the last century, the significant positive effects on human health were detected. Currently, the function, behavior and toxicity of selenium are still not well known. The key to understand it is to do speciation analysis. The aim of this diploma thesis is to develop method for determination inorganic (sodium selenite and selenate) and organic (selenourea, selenocystine, selenomethionine) selenium compounds. Parameters of apparatus for electrochemical hydride generation with atomic absorption spectrometry detector were optimized, final conditions were set and optimal conditions for separation process using HPLC were investigated. Calibration dependences for selenium compounds were measured and analytical figures of merit were investigated. In conclusion, a coupled method HPLC- EcHG- QFAAS for determination of individual selenium compounds was proposed, and it was tested on urea samples. Calibrations for these measurements were investigated and analytic characteristics were calculated. Based on these comparisons it can be said that proposed method allows the determination of selected selenium compounds in both aqueous and urea matrices. Subject words: Spectroscopy, analytical chemistry Key words: Atomic absorption...
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Study of ecosystem impact of giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum) invasion
Hladík, Marek ; Pergl, Jan (advisor) ; Hadincová, Věroslava (referee)
The present study deals with ecological impact of giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum) invasion in Slavkovský les area. Being one of the prominent invasive species with significant impact on human health it has been subjected to a wide research. In spite of that little is known about its impact on the invaded ecosystem. My research was therefore focused on analysis of the ecosystem impact, particulary 1) microclimatic measurements of temperature and soil moisture and their comparisons between invaded and noninvaded vegetation, 2) comparison of germination and survival of model plant species sowed into invaded and noninvaded plots and 3) study of the effect of H. mantegazzianum presence on model species seed production. Results have shown significant alteration of microclimate due to H. mantegazzianum invasion. Further research is needed to resolve what impact it may pose to species in invaded communities. The effect of Heracleum mantegazzianum presence on germination and survival of model species was not significant. Similarly, seed production of model plants was not significantly affected.
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Formation of organics molecules initiated by high-power density energy events in planetary atmospheres
Kamas, Michal ; Civiš, Svatopluk (advisor) ; Zelinger, Zdeněk (referee)
The focused laser beam delivered by the high-power laser system PALS was used for laboratory simulation of high-energy-density events in a planetary atmosphere. Several model gas mixtures were prepared to mimic the mildly reducing early Earth's atmosphere (CO-N2-H2O) as well as the atmosphere of Saturn's moon Titan and the strongly reducing early Earth's atmosphere (CH4-N2-H2O). In situ investigation of transient species generated by the laser-induced dielectric breakdown in the gaseous mixtures was performed by optical emission spectroscopy (OES). Final products of laser-plasma initiated chemical reactions were identified and determined by advanced mass-spectrometry (SIFT-MS) and absorption FT-IR spectroscopy. High-power laser system SOFIA was utilized to simulate in our laboratory a high-velocity impact into the icy satellites of the outer planets of the Solar system. OES was engaged in probing the plasmas produced by the SOFIA beam focused on ice surfaces (water, methanol, formamide), while final products were analyzed by means of gas chromatography (GC/MS) and mass-spectrometry (SIFT-MS).
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Catalytic Activity of Cobalt Impregnated on Ordered Mesoporous Silica Materials in N2O Decomposition.
Kuboňová, L. ; Fridrichová, D. ; Peikertová, P. ; Mamulová Kutláková, K. ; Kozubová, S. ; Jirátová, Květa ; Obalová, L. ; Cool, P.
Three different ordered mesoporous silica materials, such as MCM-41, Al containing MCM-41 (mass ratio Si/Al = 10) and SBA-15, were prepared. In a next step, cobalt (5-8 wt%) as an active metal for redox reactions, was introduced by the impregnation. The prepared catalysts were characterized by AAS, EDX, N-2 physisorption, XRD, DR UV-Vis spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, TPR-H-2 and their catalytic properties were evaluated for N2O decomposition and reduction. The catalysts showed poor activity in N2O decomposition while the use of reducing agent (carbon monoxide) was beneficial for their catalytic activities. The lowest catalytic activity showed Co/Al-MCM indicating that the aggregated CoxOy species present in this catalyst were inactive and not beneficial for the catalytic activity.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: NANOCON 2015 - PDF
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VUMOP - 1601
Hanuš, Jan ; Fabiánek, Tomáš ; Pivovarník, Marek
The object of the hyperspectral campaign VUMOP 1601 was collect a new data from areas with significant affection of soil erosion and verified of the methods from campaign VUMOP 1601. During scanning was used whole spectral range of FLIS – Flying Laboratory of Imaging Spectroscopy. Selection of locality and term for aircraft scanning was established according of phenological phases and selected species of crops.\n\n
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