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The endocrine function of adipose tissue and its importance for initiation and development of insulin resistance and diabetes
Haluzík, Michal ; Schreiber, Vratislav (advisor) ; Marešová, Dana (referee) ; Šeda, Ondřej (referee)
Endocrine production of adipose tissue is a very complex process affected by numerous endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-alpha (PPAR-) are important modulators of metabolic processes which can also affect endocrine function of adipose tissue. Recently, numerous novel factors produced by adipose tissue with important metabolic effects were identified. Some of them can directly bind PPAR receptors. One of the examples of these factors is fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) which can directly bind PPAR receptors and indirectly modify its activation by changing availability of endogenous PPAR ligands -free fatty acids. We hypothesized that the mechanism of action of PPAR receptors to metabolic processes may partially lie in their complex interaction with adipose tissue-derived hormones. The unraveling of these interactions may have important consequences in finding approaches to treat patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (...) In summary, our data show an important role for the interplay of PPAR activation and endocrine function of adipose tissue in metabolic regulations which may have important clinical consequences.
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The role of mountain ethnic groups in the social development of Laos
Nožina, Miroslav ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee) ; Hubinger, Václav (referee)
The study deals with the problem of relations between ethnic minorities and central governments in Laos. It analyses mechanisms of the mountaineers' social and military mobilisation in historical perspective from the beginnings of the French colonial administration until the present. The main discussed topics are: the ethnic situation in Laos, ethnic relations, and the Lao government's ethnic policy. The Lao People's Democratic Republic (LPDR) is an ethnically complicated and weakly researched territory. Ethnic minorities comprise approximately 70 % of the total population of the country. This makes Laos one of the most ethnically diverse countries in Asia. Although the Lao government claims 49 ethnic groups, recent anthropological surveys revealed 236 ethnic groups belonging to four ethno-linguistic families: Tai-Kadai, Austro-Asiatic (Mon-Khmer), Hmong-Mien (Miao-Yao) and Sino-Tibetan (Tibeto- Burman). Many of the minorities inhabit rural areas, which are amongst the most poverty stricken areas in the country. The high degree of ethnic diversity, coupled with the high percentage of the total population belonging to national minorities, has an important impact on the social and political situation in Laos. Minorities have been playing specific (frequently decisive) roles in the life of the country. In the...
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The role of tenses in literary narrative texts
Bělohradská, Kristýna ; Loucká, Hana (advisor) ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (referee)
The title of this work is: The Role of Tenses in Literary Narrative Texts. The topic is part of the textual linguistics, in which the basis of research is the text itself, in our case it was the narrative text. The work is divided into three major parts, the first two parts are theoretical, whereas the third one is practical. The first part provides an overview of theoretical works concerning the enunciation plans. The second part deals with the narrative text and the narrator and the third, practical part, concerns the analysis of narrative texts. The choice of the topic was based on the assumption that the reader could create and reveal "hidden points of view" while getting to know the theories mentioned in the work. Their knowledge could lead to deeper understanding of reading in general. The role of tenses in literary narrative texts is crucial, especially in the case of creating the enunciation plans. For that reason in the first part of our work we focused on the description of linguistic theories covering the field. First, we describe E. Benveniste's theory, the next chapter deals with J.-M. Adam and D. Maingueneau and his division of enunciation plans "embrayé" and "nonembrayé". Finally, we mention H. Weinrich who deals with individual tenses. The second part of our work deals with narrative texts,...
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Microbiota of the digestive tract of bees and related insect and the influencing facftors
Hroncová, Zuzana ; Havlík, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kalous, Lukáš (referee)
This thesis consists of six research chapters, out of which, five have already been published in research journals, 1 is in the process of submission and the last chapter presents original unpublished confidential data in the process of manuscript preparation.
The research presented in this thesis concerns the complex mechanisms of bees and wasps immune system focused on microbiota as component of immunity. As shown in the introduction, highly social and managed species of bees like honey bees and bumble bees, play key roles in natural and agricultural ecosystems worldwide. Recent losses of bees have been attributed to pesticide exposure, poor nutrition, increased parasite loads and habitat degradation. Over the past several years, governments, beekeepers, and the general public worldwide have become concerned by increased losses of honey bee colonies, calling for more research on how to keep colonies healthy. Our main aim was to explore the complex mechanisms of bees and related species gut bacterial populations, their links to insect immunity and investigate the opportunities for an intervention. Part of our aim was to characterise the bumble bee and wasp gut microbiota using 16S RNA sequencing in a search for potentially novel bacterial species.
We have tried to explain how microbiome interacts with the host and showed that major members of these communities appear to benefit the host. The simple gut communities of social bees present ideal model systems to investigate the underlying evolutionary and genetic processes of such interactions. Information based on our results may help in the design of proper probiotic supplementation strategies with respect to physiological conditions in the honey bee gut.
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The role of authority and form of partnership during creation of new choreographic dance piece
Radačovský, Mário ; KAZÁROVÁ, Helena (advisor) ; WIESNER, Daniel (referee)
In our dance life its very important that we meet time to time people who are so incredibly influencetial to us ether positive or negative ways. Some of them are able to influence us so much that we keep this impact which they have made on us for ever.Role of autority and partnership between these two elements is crucial.Its has impact on everyday of our working life.I ca not imagine what can happen if there is not existing somekind of form of partnership in the dance studio.To be dancer is very no simply just job .Is more ,its something truly special what not everyone can understand.The task of my work is to go back in my profesional past ,through out my own memories and profesional experiences to offer some situations when I truly felt presents of authority and partnership .Sometimes only autorithy .I this work Im trying to offer my small stories which I lived thourgh from my prospective and Im tring to analysed them through my own expierience of today.It always about something.We are creating because we want to say things.Journey is very important sometimes more then final outcome.
Now important during this journey is able to see how things are done how we comunicate them and autorities will appear .
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The role of supervision in the work with volunteers
Pravdová, Miroslava ; Poláčková, Věra (referee) ; Lorenzová, Jitka (advisor)
As far as my diploma dissertation is concerned I deal here with tasks of supervision in the course of work with volunteers of Help line. Theoretical part of my work is specialized in summary of present theoretical accesses and conceptions of volunteering and supervision in our conditions. I apply myself mostly to interpretation of volunteering and description of volunteer, then supervision importance in helping professions and also supervision clasification whether from the view of its function, tasks and forms of above mentioned supervision or from the view of particular participants. My work deals with conditions in various organizations where the supervision definitely belong to. I also addresed particular part of my work to supervision at work with volunteers where I investigated with understanding of supervision from the view of particular volunteers on Hot line.The main idea and desire during the formation of my diploma dissertation was my possible assistance to formation of constantly developing view of supervision both theory and work experience of helping professions and volunteers' work
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Právní a zdravotně sociální aspekty činnosti OSPOD jako ustanovených opatrovníků v zámu nezletilých dětí
BORSKÁ, Jana
The Czech Republic as a signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child has vested the practice of state administration in the field of care for minor children to municipalities with extended powers, where the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of minor children is safeguarded by state authorities of social and legal protection of children (ASLPC hereinafter). These authorities are incorporated to the extent laid down by the Act on Social and Legal Protection of Children (Act No 359/1999 Coll., as amended). The position and roles of ASLPC and their competence and jurisdiction are also regulated by the same act. The position of workers of these authorities and its legal embodiment is equally important. Regarding professionality, there are high demands on these workers. In the Czech Republic, significant changes in legislature have been made over the past three years. These amendments have led to the strengthening of the rights of minor children and to the establishing of new tools for their protection. In connection with the adoption of new substantive regulation of family law, which is now exhaustively dealt with by the Act No 89/2012 Coll., the Civil Code, new procedural rules have been established regarding protection of rights of minor children. Such procedural legislation includes (apart from the long-existent Act No. 99/1963, the Code of Civil Procedure) the Act No 292/2013 Coll., on Special Civil Proceedings. The decision-making regarding minor children has been vested mainly by the state into the competence of courts. The courts appoint the locally relevant ASLPC as a guardian who then represents the interests of minor children. The purpose, interwoven with and derived from the first one, was to explore the opinions of selected social workers of ASLPC and of district court judges regarding the defined problems occurring during the work of ASLPCs and courts while protecting the interests of minor children. These particularly include: the use of the tool of precautionary measure; problems of different territorial jurisdiction of courts and ASLPCs; processing of complaints regarding bias in various phases of the proceedings; professional training of workers of ASLPC It is evident from the proposals of both judges and ASLPC workers that it is necessary to unify territorial jurisdiction. The courts are suggesting the priority criterion of the address where the child mainly resides. ASLPC workers suggest the official permanent residence as the prime criterion. Bias causes problems in all phases of proceedings. It is obvious that courts take differing approaches towards the solution of this problem (some courts solve the problem of bias complaints filed by the parties while other courts do not) and for ASLPC workers it is difficult to assess how to act when such complaint is raised against them. The training of ASLPC workers - workers are obliged to educate themselves and their employer is obliged to finance such training. Not all ASLPCs are able to provide training in the required extent - due to financial reasons (the average costs of education of one employee pose from 9,169 to 13,400 CZK annually and they cover approximately 6 days of training). The heavy work-load caused by insufficient numbers of ASLPC employees prevents them from completing such compulsory training. As part of the examination of the "participation of a collision guardian in court proceedings" it has been found out that irregular participation of the worker in the proceedings (absence from participation in appeals proceedings); incomplete reports (directed to courts) from surveys in families. Based on comprehensive examination of the problems of territorial jurisdiction, it was recommended that requests are independently recorded and financial compensation is provided for ASLPCs who are requested to represent minors in front of courts, to draft proposals for precautionary measures.
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The role of Italy during the Operation Iraqi Freedom 2003
Maiello, Francesco ; Eichler, Jan (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
The thesis is focused on the Italian military participation in the American military intervention into Iraq in the 2003. There are summarized in the theoretical part the main characteristics of realism as a theory of international relations and a possible explanation of the intervention from the neo-realist point of view. The practical part begins with a summary of international missions with Italian military participation and describes the experience which Italian army acquired in these missions. Other chapters are devoted to the opinion held by the Catholic Church and Italian government on the intervention and the role of the prime minister Silvio Berlusconi on the government decision of supporting the intervention. The thesis is also devoted to the consequences of Italian involvement in the Operation Iraqi Freedom on its military doctrine.
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