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Fieldwork of a Nurse in Our Territory in the 20th Century (before 1989).
ŘÍHOVÁ, Martina
The title of the bachelor thesis is Fieldwork of a Nurse in Our Territory in the 20th Century (before 1989). Fieldwork of a nurse has undergone substantial changes through its development. It was affected by numerous factors of those times. Nurses had to try to adapt to the factors as much as possible to be able to provide the necessary care. The aim of the thesis was to map nurses' fieldwork and to provide a complex outline of what the nurses' fieldwork looked like in the last (i.e. the 20th) century with regard to the social context of that time. The method of detailed literature search was applied to the thesis. The work captures how nurses performed the fieldwork from 1901 to 1989. The period was divided into individual time sections based on historical landmarks. Numerous sources had to be searched and studied to compile the thesis. After studying available sources a complex of information divided into the individual periods was prepared. Information showing the given period, like political and social aspects was added. A research question was set at the beginning: What did the fieldwork of a nurse look like in our territory in the 20th Century (before 1989)? A chapter mapping the fieldwork of a nurse before 1901 was added to provide more complex view of the issue. The fieldwork of nurses was not much developed in the early 20th century. It was mainly provided by nuns and a small part of trained nurses. The home nursing care mainly developed in the 1920s and 1030s. Counselling centres were founded and nursing care in families introduced in the 1920s. Nurses not only provided special care but often also took care about patients' households. The activities of counselling centres proved useful and were gradually extended. Nurses' fieldwork continued even in the time of occupation of our territory. Extra contributions for extension of these services were even allotted in 1940. Nurses ensured the basic needs, sometimes households, they cared about hygiene and instructed patients on treatment regimen. They organized various courses. During fights in our territory nurses provided the necessary care to both soldiers and civilians. Often directly on the front line and in air raid shelters. The visiting nursing care was abolished and counselling centres integrated to national health institutions in the post-war period. The visiting nursing care was organized within districts. Within their visits the nurses provided specialist practices, education and examination of patient's condition. Non-specialized practices were usually provided by employees of newly established home nursing services. Nurses were responsible not only for visits of patients but also for hygienic inspections and provision of first aid. Dispensary care and the function of company or school nurses was also newly established. The fieldwork of nurses was substantially deepened in the 1970s. So called half-district jobs were established, specialized in patients with chronic diseases and elderly people. Nurses working in this service were only allotted to visiting nursing care. The care about seniors and people with chronic diseases was extended in the 1980s. Home care service was also growing. Geriatric nurses visited all citizens older than 65 years twice a year. Home care agencies provide field care in our territory nowadays. The provided care is multidisciplinary and cooperation client agency is very important. The advantage of home care agencies is in lower costs compared to inpatient facilities. This care is only provided to people with health problems nowadays, so big proportion of clients consists of geriatric patients. The home care however has various spectre of clients. The fieldwork of nurses has always been a very demanding but also attractive job. The higher demands for nurses was balanced their higher independence. The care as well as the job description have substantially changed through the years.
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Ecological requirements of the critically endangered species \kur{Sedum villosum}
PRŮŠOVÁ, Monika
Hairy stonecrop (Sedum villosum) belongs to the group of plants that are endangered by real risk of extinction. If appropriate measures are not soon undertaken, it may disappear from the territory of the Czech republic. Preparation of an action plan should be a prerequisite for undertaking such measures. The aim of this diploma thesis was to verify ecological demands of this critically endangered species. I tested the effects of soil acidity and shading on seed germination and growth of hairy stonecrop plants in experimental conditions.
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Martin Heidegger: Man, World and Space
Kocman, Vojtěch ; Čapek, Jakub (advisor) ; Ritter, Martin (referee)
5 Abstract This essay presents an attempt to interpret the key moments of Heidegger's conception of spaciousness. Considering the fact, that Heidegger didn't publish his understanding of spaciousness in any systematic form, it is necessary to work with a great amount of primary texts often available only in a fragmentary shape. Another difficulty is given by the author's use of language, which requires very demanding translations; we always translate the source texts in this paper. Within his conception termed as the topology of being Heidegger attempts to think about the space not as a measurable quantity, but in correlation with the Greek concept of τόπος, i.e. the qualitatively determined place. This essay concentrates on Heidegger's early work as well as on his late period, during which the topological thinking plays a central role; it also tries to identify the connection between them. The understanding of thinking as a way is essential, as well as the connection of thinking and poetry and the relation between space and time, which are considered of equal value in Heidegger's late work. Merely outlined remain other directions, which may be taken by further research within Heidegger's concept of spaciousness: the critique of the contemporary way of the uncovering of the world, the deepened relation with...
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Silniční přeprava pohonných látek
Skopalová, Lenka ; Novák, Radek (advisor) ; Mervart, Michal (referee)
The thesis is concerned with road transportation of fuel. In theoretical part there are described the legal clauses that are related to this issue. The most detailed regulations can be found in the European Agreement on the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (so called Agreement ADR). Hence the biggest part of the theoretical section is devoted to these regulations. Instructions for transportation of diesel and petrol have been chosen from this international agreement and explained. Practical part deals with particular carrier of fuel - company Petrotrans s.r.o. Standard of service is compared according to several different customers, established demands on safety of fuel transportation are decribed and security of consumption tax in international fuel transportation is analysed.
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Meat production from agricultural farm (cattle, deer and fallow-deer) in the Czech Republic
JEŽKOVÁ, Irena
The demands on hygiene and food safety has increased at present. Increasingly numerous consumer sites indicate the quality or rather "non-quality" large quantities of food products, and meat products. These trends must be necessarily supported by appropriate legislation. It means legislation in Czech Republic and even legislation in the European union. Farm meat production from livestock with the representatives of deer bred on farms (since 1999) has strict rules under the legislation in force that must be strictly followed. It relates carrying out the slaughter and meat cutting on farm. We have to fulfill these conditions. Among other things we have to develop HACCP system based on existing legislation for slaughtering and meat cutting.
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Imaging in the diagnosis of mammary gland
RADOVÁ, Kateřina
My bachelor thesis deals with the issue of the disease of the mammary gland. Breast cancer is among the most frequent malignant neoplasm affecting mainly women. It need not be each time a carcinoma, also benign lesions are possible and may occur. The target of my thesis is the analysis and comparison of displaying methods used during the breast diagnostics in radiology and their analysis from the viewpoint of the task of the radiological assistant. I suppose that the mammography has an un-replaceable role in the diagnostics of mammary gland making high demands especially on the preciseness of the work of the radiological assistant. For the purpose of diagnosis specification also a sono-graphic examination of breast is applied quite often, including biopsy performance. The more and more frequently used method of breast examination, magnetic resonance, is the technically most demanding method for the radiological assistant. The base of my thesis was the spectrum of displaying methods used at the Radiological Ward of the Hospital of Písek and work with the complex of patients examined at this ward, where I have been working as a general nurse so far. I compare and process statistically individual methods. The result of my thesis is confirming the hypothesis that in mammo-diagnostics, the main and hitherto not replaceable role has the mammography which is, in most cases, the first method showing the pathological changes in the breast tissue. The mammo-graphic examination is supplemented in some cases by the examination of the breast by the ultrasound, including the bioptical examination. Thanks to the quick technical development of the medical equipment, the pathological finding in the breast is, more and more frequently clarified also by the method of the magnetic resonance. By elaborating my thesis I made up the survey of possibilities of displaying technology and I specified the role of the radiological assistant in mammo-diagnostics. The experience acquired with a specific group of women with the disease of the mammary gland may be applied practically also at other workplaces dealing with the same problem.
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Respecting human dignity in nursing care for patients in long stay hospitals
Řádová, Veronika ; Kutnohorská, Jana (advisor) ; Mareš, Jiří (referee) ; Pečenková, Jaroslava (referee)
88 Synopsis Author: Veronika Řádová Institutions: Charles University in Prague Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové Institute of Social Medicine Department of Nursing Title: Respecting human dignity in nursing care for patients in long stay hospitals Supervisor: doc. PhDr. Jana Kutnohorská, CSc. Number of pages: 102 Number of attachments: 3 Year of viva voice: 2010 Keywords: geriatrics, human dignity, respect for the patient, nursing care, nursing ethics The thesis deals with respect for human dignity in nursing care. The human dignity is a fact that becomes increasingly important with the length of human life. The care of geriatric patients has its own characteristics, due to changes, which pass through the body in old age. High demands are placed on the nursing staff not on only technical but also on human and ethical aspects of nursing care. The research tasks deal with specific types of human dignity, as the nursing staff encounters them during their work. The investigation is focused on the quantitative expression of respect for various types of human dignity in nursing practice from the perspective of the nursing staff. During the research, the staffs were also asked questions about the interpersonal response to the undignified behaviour, interviewees using their discretion were supposed to create a...
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Implications of coffee trade for economic development of Ethiopia
Svobodová, Kateřina ; Adamcová, Lenka (advisor) ; Borgström Korba, Anna (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the development of world coffee market and impacts for economic development of Ethiopia. First part is focused on characteristics of and trends in the world coffee market in terms of cultivation demands, world production, exports and domestic consumption in coffee growing regions. The analysis of world coffee prices, consequences and potential solutions of the global coffee crisis builds the core of the first part. The second part continues with analysis of economic development and economic structure of Ethiopia, from which follows the enormous economic importance of coffee for this poor country. Further, the coffe market and its developments is characterized - as far as produced and exported volume and prices paid to producers in the country are concerned. In conclusion of the second part the implications of Ethiopian development strategies into coffee sector are examined.
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Microclimatic characteristics of natural and synanthropic roosts of dendrophilous and crevice-dwelling bats.
Nodžáková, Kateřina ; Vybíral, Stanislav (advisor) ; Benda, Petr (referee)
This study has tested microclimatic characteristics of natural and synanthropic roosts in the Trebonsko Biosphere Reserve - an important area in South Bohemia. Using a data logger, we measured the temperature in cavities used and unused by bats and compared them with temperature in artificial roost - window shutter and limekiln. Our results provide direct evidence that limekiln and cavities are occupied by different species of bats in comparison with window shutter and we contend that selecting microclimatic conditions of roosts are species-specific. Using limekiln may be more advantageous to bats than tree cavities, especially during pregnancy and lactation, since it provides suitable microclimate for roosting. This may be one of the factors associated with aggregation of maternity colonies during gestation period. Further we measured metabolic rate (oxygen consumption) in various temperatures of surroundings. Following species were taken into experiments: Eptesicus serotinus and Nyctalus noctula. The temperature interval was 26 - 43 řC. Our results confirmed different demands on microclimatic conditions in both species. We hypothesize that high roost temperatures within the thermal neutral zone enables bats to maintain body temperature passively thereby minimize energetic costs.
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The Last Things - ethical aspects of dying and burial
HEJDUKOVÁ, Petra
The work deals with the last things of the man from dying, through fear of death, burial and funeral rituals, to the demands that are placed on the funeral service. The work is not focused only on the actual experience of dying and his last period of life, but great attention is paid to survivors, particularly in the context of grieving, coping with loss and consultancy for survivors. In this thesis is provide space for all the various topics that are related to the last things of the man - funeral, cemeteries and funeral services that work closely with the survivors, who come to arrange a funeral. Summarizes the statutory regulations, codexes and regulations, which funeral services must at all times observe. It also mentions the role of undertaker and function of consultancy for survivors.
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