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The Influence of Soil Amendments on the Uptake of Toxic Elements and Nutrients by Plants
Vondráčková, Stanislava ; Tlustoš, Pavel (advisor) ; Radim, Radim (referee)
Plant cultivation in soils heavily contaminated by risk elements is a challenging issue due to phytotoxic effects that restrict plant growth. Liming and phosphate additives application reduce the mobility of some risk elements in contaminated soils and can be a suitable measure for contaminated soils but can also affect availability of nutrients for plants. Therefore, it is necessary to test response of tolerant plants (trees and herbs) on soils heavily contaminated by risk elements and look for the most suitable combination of soil additives and tolerant plants.
Experimental part of PhD thesis was divided into the incubation experiments and the vegetation pot experiments. The incubation experiments: The efficiency of liming and phosphate additives at three application rates was tested for micro- and toxic elements immobilisation in weakly acid and alkaline soils heavily contaminated by As, Cd, Pb, and Zn within period of 42 days. The vegetation pot experiments: The two tolerant plants Salix × smithiana Willd. (three-year experiment) and Rumex obtusifolius L. (one-year experiment) were planted in the same contaminated soils as in the incubation experiments. Both soils were untreated and treated with two doses of lime and dolomite (S. smithiana) or treated with lime and superphosphate (R. obtusifolius). For both plants, we evaluated the initial plant growth, plant mortality, biomass production or content of macro-, micro- and toxic elements in the biomass. We evaluated also the content of organic acids in the biomass of R. obtusifolius.
Higher immobilisation effects on acid-extractable Cd, Zn, Pb, and Mn was observed for fast soluble additives (lime, superphosphate) compare to slow soluble additives (dolomite, rock phosphate) only in weakly acid soil. Lime application irrespective of dose with foliar Fe application and planting willows in the second year after the application of lime seemed to be the most suitable measure for increasing biomass production and decreasing toxic elements, especially Cd and Zn, without decreasing the macro- and micronutrients in the aboveground organs of willows in weakly acid soil. Seedlings of R. obtusifolius are sensitive to high availability of Ca, Cd, Pb, and Zn in soil. Biomass production was negatively related to the mobility of micro- and toxic elements. Elevated transport of micro- and toxic elements from belowground organs into leaves was recorded in both lime-treated soils and in superphosphate-treated alkaline soil as a result of sufficient amount of Ca available from soil solution as well as from superphosphate that can probably modify distribution of micro- and toxic elements in R. obtusifolius as a representative of oxalate plants. Rumex obtusifolius is an As-, Cd-, Pb-, and Zn-excluder and is sensitive to high availability of micro- and toxic elements in the soil. Soil chemical properties affect the distribution of essential elements within the plant greatly. In alkaline soil, R. obtusifolius is an Al-hyperaccumulator with the highest concentrations of oxalate in leaves, of malate in stems, and of citrate in belowground organs. These organic acids form strong complexes with Al that can play a key role in internal Al tolerance.
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Applying elements of ethics education in the practical training
Stryjová, Jolanta ; Hanušová, Marie (advisor) ; Jana, Jana (referee)
This thesis titled Applying elements of ethics education in the practical training analyses current situation of implementing and incorporating Ethnics into secondary school education system in the Czech Republic, as well as an overall morale of secondary school pupils. This thesis applies (quantitative/ qualitative) methodology, using questionnaires as a primary source of data. Key findings reveal low ethical awareness and passivity among pupils towards the society as well as their own future as a consequence of insufficient incorporation of Ethics in secondary school curricula. Therefore, this thesis argues that that teachers' knowledge of Ethnics should be increased along with the number of teaching hours dedicated to Ethnics and, what is more, to incorporate Ethnics as a core module in secondary schools.
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Psychological and social aspects of unemployment
Veselá, Hana ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Daniel, Daniel (referee)
Diploma thesis deals with problematic of unemployment, mainly with its psychological and social aspects. Unemployment became a common element of modern capitalist society. Impacts of unemployment are not only economical, but mainly psychological and social.
There is an importance of work for human defined in this thesis and also difference between work and employment explained. The theoretical part of this thesis also deals with definition of unemployment and its basic types and vulnerable groups. Equivalently there are mentioned impacts of unemployment in the psychological, the social and the healthcare levels. Attention is also put on impact of social support, state policy of employment and on development of unemployment in the Czech Republic, in the European Union and in the Vysočina Region, where the research took place.
Empirical part offers subjective opinions of unemployed and employed persons collected in realised interviews based on in-depth interviews technique. The main goal is to find out how these persons perceive the problematic of unemployment. Information collected in this survey were compared with data from academic titles of literature. Finally there are possible starting-points to smoothen impacts of unemployment suggested.
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Working with vector graphics in .NET
Růžička, Filip ; Brožek, Jiří (advisor) ; Hanzlík, Petr (referee)
Current version of the Microsoft .NET Framework (4.6) provides access to the basic functionality of GDI+ (Graphical Device Interface) with more than fifty of code elements (classes, interfaces, structures, enumerated types, and delegates) contained in the System.Drawing namespace. Many advanced functions are then offered in other three nested namespaces, namely Drawing2D, Imaging and Text. This work demonstrates on a complex example using of a selected set of these library functions and compares their output, time and memory requirements with its own parameterizable implementation of the corresponding planar geometric shapes, antialiasing techniques and filling closed areas. The goal of this work is to create an application - a simple SVG format (Scalable Vector Graphics) viewer - which will be able to interpret SVG file commands in a graphical user interface by both of the above methods and for each of them to provide information about the computational complexity, on the basis of which we can show the appropriateness of using one or the other approach, library functions or user-defined functions with the possibility of further optimization.
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Psychological and social aspects of unemployment
Ambrožová, Adéla ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Höfrová, Alena (referee)
The unemployment represents one of the main problems in the society. On the other hand it is inseparable from the market economy. This Bachelor thesis explains the basic terms from the unemployment sphere, clarifies the relations among constituent elements and brings the comprehensive view of this topic through a prism of economy, sociology and psychology.
The practical part is an element of this thesis. It is based on the questionnaires. It focuses on the respondent structure, i.e. the age, education, length of the unemployment, and provides the answers to questions concerning their view of the unemployment and changes that the unemployment brings.
The end of this bachelor thesis summarises the answers and provides the questionnaires résumé.
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The pairs game development for Android tablets
Kharashvili, Ketevan ; Pavlíček, Josef (advisor) ; Hanzlík, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with The pairs game development for Android tablets. In theoretical part it describes the operating system Android in its basics including its architecture and realeased versions, continuing with its application interface, which is necessary for the development of applications for this system, and concludes with the description of tools that are vital for the application creation process. Among the mentioned tools it explains the Android SDK Manager, which is needed for the managment of installed versions of application interface on computers, as well as respective development environments including their terms of use. It follows with the introduction of object base programming language Java, which was used to create an application for this thesis. other described tool is Google Play, which is used for application publishing and distribution among users.
Practical part ilustrate the process of development of ealier mentioned game and gives step by step explanation of the game programming. It also shows details of some elements that were applied and points out on some used codes. Specificaly the game is Pairs.
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Assesment of the impact of the personality of teacher of practical training on the level of practical skills secondary school students
Desortová, Renáta ; Kříž, Emil (advisor) ; Hrušková, Eva (referee)
The bachelor thesis titled "The evaluation of the teacher's influence on the training skills asquisition in students of the school of nursing." deals with the survey of a practical training teacher's influence on forming students' positive attitude to job, which depends mainly on the teacher's personality. Teacher of practical training is very important part of education and interconnects theory with practise. He facilitates introduction to starting the job. Personality of teacher and his pedagogical skills have influence to attitude of students to practical teaching and to future job at all. Attention is especially paid to aspects of teachers personality and its effect to students motivation to improve their practical skills. The paper is divided into parts according to task. The theoretical part aims the importance of particular element of teachers personality and general pedagogical knowledge of students motivation. The text is based on the review of professional literature and knowledge gained within the pedagogical study. It is proved in the practical part which is based on the surfy within the students target group and follows the method of anonymous questionnaire. The form respondents are students of the second and third year of the school o nursing and had personal experience with minimum of two teachers of practice.
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Historical development of landscape with elements of baroque architecture in the Chyše study area (Karlovy Vary Region)
Duřt, Jan ; Kottová, Blanka (advisor) ; Vlasák, Josef (referee)
This thesis deals with the monitoring and evaluation of the development of landscape structure in the municipality Chyše in Karlovy Vary Region. Hereafter the work focuses on the study of small sacral architecture and its impact on the overall appearance of the contemporary landscape. For analysis of the area were used map data from three periods. The oldest substrates were Imperial Imprints of cadastral maps stable from 1841. Furthermore, it was the black and white aerial photographs from 1952 and current orthophotos from 2014.
The first part focuses on the definition of general concepts and issues in the direction of landscape. The second part focuses on the characteristics and history of the area. The third part deals with the processing of the underlying data in ArcGIS 10.2. The data were vectorised based on three time periods. This was followed by their distribution into categories LU/LC. And the final phase was analysing data, including interpretation.
The results point to the current and past trends of changes in the landscape structure. It can trace mainly by the declining mosaicity and thus increasing the overall landscape facets. Since the 1950' soccurs larger areas of forests at the expense of agricultural land. The landscape around Chyše, however, retains partly its distinctive character, despite all the outside influences.
The results show the evolution of the landscape structure with a substantial contribution from a man for nearly 180 years. Significant benefits can bring results as a source for the future development of the area, especially in the field of landscape planning, urban planning and land consolidation.
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Project of common facilities in Štíhlice
Strnadová, Vendula ; Zímová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Lukáš, Lukáš (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the project of common measure elements in the cadastral Štíhlice. Štíhlice is a minor agriculture village in the district Praha východ, surrounded by arable land, which are intensively farmed. The arable land are closely follows the relatively large forest area. Wavy relief with mosaic arable land and forest is beautiful example of Czech culture landscape. This type of landscape is need to be protected and in the same time rationally used. The main goal is a sustainable development for the process of land management and for this diploma thesis too. The land management is practically the only tool for resolve the ownership, design and realisation activities in the common measure elements (transport service, erosion control, water management and measures to protect and improve the environment).
One of the objectives of this work is to introduce readers the subject of landscape and land management via a literature review prepared on the basis of available information.
The practical part is focus on the cadastral Štíhlice. The area is characterised according to the general summary of character (for example climate, geomorphology, and vegetation and water management). The others describes are the results of a field survey. The author evaluated the area and pointed out some problem areas. In selected areas is increased soil erosion, and a disproportionally large land block or a low number of roads. The plan of common measure elements is based on these studies. The plan is processed in accordance with the methodological instructions for carrying out landscaping and technical standard documentation plan of common facilities in land management.
The diploma thesis results could be a good base for further work in this cadastral area, especially for engineering company that works on land management here.
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Modern art in landscape
Jarešová, Sylvie ; Vacek, Oldřich (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
Modern art in landscape
Summary
The subject of the thesis is landscaping with the use of modern arts. In the first part it focuses on correct interpretation of key words such as landscape, art and culture. Those areas are then analysed from the point of view of historical context .
Mutual interaction of two seemingly different subjects such as landscape and modern art is analysed and closely inspected. It is necessary to take into account all approaches to landscaping to be able to implement modern element into the landscape. In the first part the thesis analysis the evaluation of landscape character and landscape As a whole; how landscape influences people an what are its values.
Preservation of the landscape and it's attributes depend On defying It's nature protection. Part of the thesis focuses on those subjects as well, legislative as well as natural protection of nature. What could today's landscape offer is disscused in the part of the thesis concerning values of the landscape, how the landscape is perceived and what is the esthetic value of landscape.
Landscaping in today's modern era encompass entwining historically significant At the same time necessary and for the future unavoidable element so its functional and esthetic values Are preserved for future generations. The model example solves such entwining of historical landscape and proposed motorway. There is a thread of fragmentation of the landscape and its use not only for local inhabitants and eco systems. At the same time modern art is applied as a means of unification. The art is becoming a tool which is capable to recharge landscape. Art reconnects the fragmented landscape and brings other values for future generations.
The case study suggests Last art trends applied to the landscape. During the disscusion it brings a summary of expressive funds and techniquies. Here the thesis also conveys a thought of current tendency of modern art. The output of the thesis is besides the model project a methodical procedure. A proposal of methodical instalation of an element of modern art into landscape.
Keywords: modern, art, landscape, concept, esthetics, perception.
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