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Mobility of goods, services and capital in world economy - impacts on national economies and global system
Bocáková, Michaela ; Neumann, Pavel (advisor) ; Jedlinský, Jakub (referee)
The core topic of this work are relationships between states through flows of goods, services and capital. This work aims to define the concept of mobility, analyze flows of goods, services and capital and determine factors contributing to their growth in recent decades. It will also explain what are the current trends affecting the development of the world economy such as globalization and regionalism. The last part of this work will provide insight into the implications of the involvement of countries in the international exchange of goods and services. Then it will examine the effect of FDI and transnational corporations on the country's economy.
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Global Economy Outlook - September 2016
Česká národní banka
The September issue of Global Economic Outlook presents the regular monthly overview of recent and expected developments in selected territories, focusing on key economic variables: inflation, GDP growth, leading indicators, interest rates, exchange rates and commodity prices. In this issue, we also focus on the closing of the output gap in OECD countries in the current low-inflation environment. We point out that the output gap is currently closing at near-zero inflation rates rather than at rates close to 2% (corresponding to the generally accepted price stability criterion). The current output gap and inflation outlooks signal a gradual return to the output gap closing at consumer inflation rates of approximately 2%.
Fulltext:  PDF; PDF
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Analysis of the Indonesian economy and its relations with the European Union
Vančura, Ondřej ; Plchová, Božena (advisor) ; Müllerová, Františka (referee)
The thesis deals with the analysis of the Indonesian economy and subsequently the bilateral relationship between the European Union and Indonesia. Firstly, it analyses the demographic and economic situation in Indonesia, afterwards it focuses on the economic development supplemented with the analyze of the contemporary Indonesian economy. The international Indonesia politics is researched in the next chapter as well, with the deep view into the ASEAN as the most important international organization for the countries in south-east Asia. The thesis emphasizes the bilateral relationships between the EU and Indonesia in the last part and it also tries to find some perspectives of further cooperation leading to the intensification of the Indonesian transport to the EU.
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The position of the EU in the world economy: comparison with USA and Japan
Fečová, Zuzana ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Kačírková, Eliška (referee)
The main purpose of this bachelor's thesis is to evaluate the current status of the European Union as one of the most influential players in the global economy. The analysis uses comparison with the other two major world powers -- USA and Japan. The first part is focused on the performance of the economies in terms of absolute production (GDP) and economic growth. The chapter then identifies the impact of growth on employment, price stability and public finances and defines the major economic and social problems. The second chapter assesses the EU's external relations based on the trade performance and capital flows. It also analyzes the participation in the international transfer of science and technology and labour migration. The aim of the last chapter is to assess the current position of the EU in the world by comparison with the world indicators. Considering this comparison, the chapter defines the main EU problems as particularly decreasing competitiveness in the context of crisis and rapid onset of developing countries. In this chapter are then reported and presented ways how to overcome these problems.
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The influence of the financial crises on the economy of Slovakia and the economy of the Czech Republic in 2008-2012, differences, particularities, specifiks
Droppa, Petr ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Ševčíková, Michaela (referee)
This thesis analyzes the process of selected macroeconomic indicators of the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic between years 2006 and 2012. In this period of time the global financial crises began and also the Slovak Republic adopted the euro currency and gave up of the ability to use the monetary policy. The thesis compares the condition of the economy of Slovakia and the economy of the Czech Republic before the crises, during the crises and in the following years and also tries to find the impact of the euro currency on the economy of Slovakia. At the end of the research I reached the conclusion, that the Slovak Republic was more affected by the crises in 2009 than the Czech Republic, because of the negative impact of the euro. The euro had neither positive nor negative impact in the following years on the economy of Slovakia.
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Development of the economy of Norway during economic recession between 2007 and 2012
Blumtritt, Jakub ; Karpová, Eva (advisor) ; Řehořová, Veronika (referee)
The main purpose of this bachelor thesis is to analyse the development of the economy of Norway during the economic recession after 2008 and evaluate its impact on the Norwegian economy. The first chapter deals with basic geographical and political characteristics of Norway, its history after 1945 and economic development during the period 1945-2007. The second chapter focuses on the analysis of basic macroeconomic indicators (GDP, unemployment, inflation, public debt) between 2007 and 2012. The last chapter includes a summary of the main impacts of the economic recession on the economy of Norway, outlook on the future of the Norwegian economy and a description of the relationship between Norway and EU.
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Comparison of the impacts of the global financial crisis on the economies of Ireland and Iceland in the years 2008-2014
Šmerdová, Iva ; Ševčíková, Michaela (advisor) ; Štekláč, Jiří (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the impact of the global financial crisis on the economies of Ireland and Iceland. The theoretical part is focused on the theory of the business cycle at first and the associated characteristics of the financial crisis. Then a view of various economic schools on creating the budget deficit and public debt is described. In the practical part the pre-crisis period is analyzed, in which both countries have experienced an economic boom. At the same time, however, this period was accompanied by negative effects which amplified the impacts of the crisis. Despite a starting torque, the collapse of US bank Lehman Brothers, the thesis describes the collapse of the banking sector of both countries and their chosen government measures. Furthermore, the text deals with comparison of the impact of the crisis on the economies of Ireland and Iceland using selected economic indicators. The evaluation results are primarily focused on the current state of the economy and its expected future development. Although both countries managed to re-start economic growth, they still have to deal with some problems that the crisis left. In the case of Ireland it is largely of high government debt and unemployment, Iceland is struggling with set capital controls, currency volatility and associated price stability. Both states also trouble high private debt, restore of the banking sector and its confidence. However their prospects are positive and the situation should steadily improve. The hypothesis that Iceland's economy is doing better now and has more growth potential than the economy of Ireland, was refused based on the analysis and comparison of selected economic indicators.
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Analysis of Euro Currency in Slovakia
Hallon, Róbert ; Maier, Tomáš (advisor) ; Malec, Karel (referee)
This bachelor thesis mainly deals with the analysis of the Slovak economy since the introduction of the Euro on January 1, 2009 until the January 2015. Thesis further deals with the brief history of the European monetary integration, integration of the Euro in Slovakia and how the development of the Slovak economy was since its independence in 1993 until the introduction of the Euro. It presents how Slovakia was dealing with the meeting of Maastricht criteria and the preparation of citizens of Slovakia for a new currency. In thesis is also stated the impact of the economic crisis on Slovak economy and the impact of the crisis on public finances of the whole Eurozone. It explains European rescue funds the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF) and the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) and how Slovakia dealt with the introduction of these funds. The analysis itself deals with the development of the Slovak economy, especially the development of the foreign trade and the GDP. The analytical part of the thesis compares the current situation in Slovakia concerning the inflation, growth of minimum wages, labor productivity per hour, growth of the GDP, total public debt and unemployment with the situation in other countries of the Eurozone. In the last chapter are stated opinions of experts about the present and the future situation of the Euro.
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Economic Impacts of Social Policy on Selected Sectors of the Czech Economy
Kašparová, Kateřina ; Severová, Lucie (advisor)
We live in the 21st century, when more than ever solves finance, economy in terms of both the individual and the state, but also the European Union, which affects every Member State and the Czech Republic is no exception. State economic situation continues to affect both small and large companies, entrepreneurs and individuals who under the influence of the surrounding developments make decisions affecting not only the present but also the future. Economic decisions impinge on the functioning of the state authorities, which is taking steps to support the decision given on the company, such as electronic records of sales, taxation and other laws affecting their business. This impacts directly or indirectly to a particular individual moving in the country's economy. The aim of the dissertation is to express the economic impact in terms of social policy on selected sectors of the Czech economy, both theoretically and practically. The economic impact of social policy affects the financial situation of the economically active population who are hit by unexpected life situations. It is degraded in the social position due to declining economic level, which is then inadequate and social policies often do not sufficiently take into account the economic situation of the individual before and after the establishment of that situation. And the individual is often unable to adequately use the possibilities that social policy allows. The main reason is a lack of awareness, that should act on the individual before the emergence of the situation and create awareness in the people about the possibilities of resolving the situation. Unexpected life situations addressed by social policy, which is also solvable through its tools, job loss or inability to continue to engage in employment. Both options associated with a decrease in working capacity, which addresses social policy through the provision of disability pensions. These covers Czech Social Security Administration through district administrations throughout the country. The State influences the amount of disability pensions minimum the setting of wages, the basis of assessment, determination of the percentage amount of disability pension, including its reduction limits or minimum time required insurance. The aforementioned indicators in the calculation of invalidity pension, which becomes a very individual matter, but is influenced by the rules of 441,000 persons receiving this pension, which in the third. stage reaches an average amount of 10 262 CZK. With this funding slightly higher than the minimum wage, individuals must manage and deal with the new situation. Economic impacts caused by unexpected life situation affects not only the individual himself, but also its surroundings. To eliminate these negative economic impacts serve other instruments of social policy that could improve the financial situation. However, this is a significant administrative burden for which the required knowledge about the possibilities, which include care allowances, mobility allowances, certificate of persons with disabilities, but also the opportunity to appeal against the decision of the Czech Social Security Administration to withdraw and so improve its economic situation.
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Impacts of corruption and fiscal evasion on selected sectors of the economy
Rodonaia, Elizbar ; Šrédl, Karel (advisor) ; Kopecká, Lenka (referee)
Corruption is one of the most famous and also the most serious problems of the contemporary world. The aim of the processing of the dissertation is to create the actual characteristics of corruption and fiscal evasion, both from theoretical and practical point of view, specify their manifestations in economies of Georgia and Czech Republic in conditions of contemporary globalization, as well as to express the effects of corruption and fiscal evasion on selected sectors of the economy. The international organization Transparency International compared corruption in different countries based on the values of the Corruption Perception Index (CPI), which measures the degree of corruption perception from a subjective point of view. Every year the index captures the current view on corruption in the public sector and surveys used for the compilation include issues related to the misuse of public power for private benefit. The Czech Republic has 51 points and is on the 53th position in the rankings, right behind her at the 54th position ranked Slovakia with 50 points. This placement reflects very bad situation in the state administration, poor functioning of political parties and the lack of anti-corruption policy of the state. From the collected data and time series was concluded a conclusion about the high correlation and the correlated indicators of corruption CPI and GDP per capita in PPP. Although among the least corrupt countries in the world in 2014 ranks developed economies such as Denmark, New Zealand and Finland, less sophisticated Georgia was able to stay 50th position ahead of Czech Republic and Slovakia. It is due to the fact that with the advent of the Governments of President Saakashvili and Prime Minister Ivanishvili underwent a major reform of the state administration, including the security forces. This testifies to the fact that the underdevelopment of the economy is far from being the main factor for the elimination of corruption and fiscal evasion in a particular country. Reducing scope of tax evasions and departures of companies to tax havens are aims of the electronic records of sales and changes in the procurement system. Transparency of decisions on the allocation of public contracts should be solved and carry out an inspection utilization of public funds. Limitation of the influence of officials in the public service would undoubtedly help to eliminate small (petty) corruption. More than the total elimination of corruption endeavour currently states on its reduction or elimination of its consequences.
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