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Relation Between River Flows and Suspended Sediments in the Selected Hydrometric Profile of the Thaya River Basin
Bobková, Dominika ; Menšík, Pavel (referee) ; Marton, Daniel (advisor)
The issue of the sediments of their transport and subsequent storage in water basins is an important topic which is perceived very seriously by the water management expert public. Therefore, work in this area is very desirable. The aim of bachelor‘s work is to find and estimate possible dependencies between average daily discharge and average daily values of non dissolved substances carried in suspension. The dependencies will serve as a partial basis for addressing the ATCZ28 SEDECO Sediments project, ecosystem services and interrelation with floods and droughts in the AT-CZ Border region. The data are analysed in different periods of time. The result of the analysis is the trend line regulations and the degree of dependence between flows and concentrations, which is expressed by means of a coefficient of determination. The practical application is performed on data measured in the Trávní Dvůr profile on the Dyje river for the years 1996 and 1997.
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Assessment the impact of the application of excavated sediments from the dam Luhačovice on the content of risk elements in arable soil
Kratěnová, Pavla ; Komendová, Renata (referee) ; Řezáčová, Veronika (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on an issue concerning an excavated sediment application on an arable soil and its impact on the soil quality based on a particular case of a deposition of the sediment from the dam Luhačovice on an adjacent agricultural area. The theoretical part of this thesis is focused on a soil and sediment characteristics and functions, contained risk elements, sampling methods, determination possibilities of particular risk elements and a description of conditions which emerged from a need for the deposition of sediment obtained during scavenging of the dam Luhačovice. In the experimental part was described the process of sampling, samples processing and determining of concentration values for chosen risk elements (Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb) using flame or electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry methods. This part also contains an evaluation of obtained results and a validation of an approval for the sediment deposition.
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Development of Gel Techniques for in situ Measurement of Bioavailable Metals in Soils and Sediments
Kovaříková, Vladěna ; Sommer, Lumír (referee) ; Janoš, Pavel (referee) ; Dočekalová, Hana (advisor)
The doctoral thesis deals with usage of gel techniques for in situ measurement of bioavailable metals in soils and sediments. The DGT technique was applied to soil samples from the localities of Zlín, Tuřany and Chrlice for estimation of bioavailable metals in soils. These soils were amended by sewage sludges in years 1980-1987. The experiment using diffusive gels with different pore size, APA and RG gels, has shown that the DGT can be used for assessment of trace metal soil complexes - small inorganic and larger organic. The results obtained by DGT measurements were approximately up to two orders of magnitude lower than metal concentrations obtained by leaching with sodium nitrate. The leaching with sodium nitrate does not provide true reflection of metal availability to plant root system and soil microorganisms and the DGT technique seems to be a better predictor of metal bioavailability. Only small differences between undisturbed and homogenized soil samples were found out by application of DGT to soil samples from localities of Veverská Bítýška and Ostrovačice. The undisturbed soil is not homogenous and the DGT unit gives information only about the part of the soil which is in direct contact with the unit. The procedure with soil slurry can be recommended for the characterization of large soil areas and estimation of bioavailable metals in soils. Gel techniques were also used for the study of processes occuring in sediments. Mercury species and other metals were analysed in surface water, pore water and sediments collected from two sampling sites in the Dele River in northern France. This river had been polluted during the last century by the activity of Métaleurop factory, which dealt with metal ore treatment. The application of DGT technique using two specific ion-exchange resins, Chelex-100 and Duolite GT-73, provided assessment of mercury in sediment pore water. DGT and DET techniques together with centrifugation provided also high resolution depth profiles of Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cr and Cd in pore water. It is not possible to determine which sampling site was more contaminated. Only small differences in mercury species and metal content were observed between sampling sites. The Dele River can be classified as contaminated river according to total mercury content in sediments and as slightly contaminated river from the point of view of methylmercury content. Correlations between mercury species and sulphide content confirm that total mercury and sulphide content count among factors influencing the mercury release to pore water and controlling processes of methylation and demethylation. Only low toxicity of sediment slurries was found out by the bioluminiscence test with Vibrio fischeri. The results of doctoral thesis demonstrate gel techniques as a very good tool in environmental analysis.
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Flood protection of City Chrudim
Kostelecký, Jiří ; Půža, Pavel (referee) ; Veselý, Jaroslav (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on flood protection of Chrudim city. In the beginning the work is dedicated to documentation of the current condition of the watercourse Chrudimka and to flood control methods used on the river. The following part is dealing with records about floods in given area from history to present days. In the paper work is explained how to behave during the flood and which signals are there to inform. The last part is devoted to sediments in the Chrudimka River and to their impact on clogging of the watercourse of that river and to overall impact on the Elbe River.
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Design of river stabilization structures at the Bečva river in OSek
Lokajová, Hana ; ing. Zedníček (referee) ; Julínek, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is dedicated to the solution of channel recessing in Osek nad Bečvou. One part deals with the evaluation of historical perspective of the area of interest. In the next part of this thesis the transport of sediments is described. The following part contains of an evaluation of current state of the selected part of the river Bečva and deals with a regulation of the river. In the end the theoretical suggestion of protective measure is developed.
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Sulfonamide residues in sediment and sludge from wastewater treatment plants
Chaloupková, Petra ; Lacina, Petr (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
The aim of the bachelor’s thesis was a method optimalization for extraction of sulfonamides from sediment and sewage sludge samples from wastewater treatment plants. This optimized method was used for analyzing sulfonamides in real soil and sewage sludge samples. Antibiotics are commonly used as a prevention and medicament for human and animals. Drugs and their residues enter to wastewater treatment plants within excrements and then they can be a part of sewage sludge or they can occur in treated water. It can also enter environment as a part of soils or sediments. Three extraction methods were chosen for optimizing; a pressurized solvent extraction, a microwave-assisted extraction and an ultrasonic extraction. Extracts were cleaned by solid phase extraction and analysed by liquid chromatography with diode array detector.
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Revitalization of Jankovice stream
Mládek, Tomáš ; Vrba, Jan (referee) ; Veselý, Jaroslav (advisor)
The final thesis is focused on assessing the current state of hydrological system in the watershed area Jankovice stream and on draft proposal of food protection measures of the village Jankovice. In the first part of the thesis, there is documented the current situation Jankovice stream, its appreciation and draft measures for a improvement the current state. In the following part, there is the elaboration of the sediment transport balance in the stream. In the last part of the final thesis, there is documented the current state Jankovice stream in the village Jankovice and the stream regulation is designed for the purpose of flood protection of the village.
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Study of use of former branches of the river Elbe and the links with the local flow in the village Hrobice
Mládek, Tomáš ; Vrba, Jan (referee) ; Veselý, Jaroslav (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on assessing the current state of the hydrological system in the cadastral area Hrobice and on a draft proposal of flood protection measures. In the first part of the thesis, there is documented the current situation and its appreciation icluding experiences of inhabitants. In the following part, there are designed several potential drafts. The component of the second part is a draft of the canal for a recreational boating. The bachelor thesis also includes the elaboration of the sediment transport balance in Elbe and the impact of the sediment transport on surroundings nearby.
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Foundations in Volume Unstable Soils
Legut, Dana ; Weiglová, Kamila (referee) ; Hauser,, Jaroslav (referee) ; Zdražil, Karel (referee) ; Vašina,, Josef (referee) ; Paseka, Antonín (advisor)
This dissertation is concerned with the foundations in volume unstable soils and objects disorders which are related to this. The thesis was focused on the study of clay and loess soils which are abundant in the geological profile of the Czech Republic. First, the formation of the two groups of soils is introduced, then their properties are examined and finally the influence of vegetation on the former type and the influence of collapsibility in the latter type are investigated. The conclusion is, in fact, a recommendation on the design of structures so that the system of clay / structure is not damaged and that structures are not subject to renovations. Several instance of problems with structures are discussed which were subject to structural repairs employing both a civil and geotechnical engineers.
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Determination of mercury alkylderivatives in water ecosystem
Doležalová, Jana ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
Diploma thesis is oriented on the question of the fate and occurence of mercury and its derivatives in water ecosystems. At first, deep literature review will be worked out. At second, the optimal analytical procedure for the determination of mercury alkylderivatives in water ecosystem compartments will be proposed and verified. At third, real samples from selected water ecosystems will be taken and analyzed.
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