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Remittances and their impact on Eastern Europe
Kršjaková, Zuzana ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Stuchlíková, Zuzana (referee)
Diploma thesis "Remittances and their impact on Eastern Europe" examines the phenomenon of remittances as part of global migration and its having been largely economically motivated and having a positive impact on poverty alleviation. The chosen approach is empirical-analytical methodology. The paper suggests several motivations leading to migration and remittances as well as some positive impacts and risks affecting the senders, receivers as well as the beneficiary economies of remittances. This thesis offers an overview of both all principal source countries and the main corridors of remittance flow. The paper analyses three countries from the former eastern block - Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Moldova - and the reasons which have lead to migration and remitting in these states in relation to their economic transformation from centrally planned to market economies. The analysis considers many factors such as the regional financial crisis in 1998 as well as the ethnically based military conflict which occurred due to the disintegration process in the former Yugoslavia. These issues influence not only the scale of remittances flow but also expand the variety of the senders which commonly include both refugees and Diasporas. Lastly, this thesis presents some possible scenarios related to the...
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Emigration from Bosnia and Herzegovina through the Lens of Transnationalism: Bosnian Emigration Beyond the Brain Drain
Mrázková, Eva ; Chrzová, Barbora (advisor) ; Žíla, Ondřej (referee)
Name: Eva Mrázková Title: Emigration from Bosnia and Herzegovina through the Lens of Transnationalism: Bosnian Emigration Beyond the Brain Drain Abstract Although the topic of emigration from Bosnia and Herzegovina is relevant and up-to-date, it has been not sufficiently covered in the literature yet. Both the media and academic works present the emigration from Bosnia and Herzegovina as a process which causes a significant loss of workforce and qualified professionals to the country. This work aims to point out the often omitted participation of Bosnian Diaspora on the growth of the country and therefore contribute to the discourse about Bosnian emigration. To show this influence, the paper examines the Bosnian emigration through the lens of the concept of transnationalism. This paper questions what fields are influenced by Bosnian emigrants and how do they influence those spheres. Firstly, the paper introduces the concept of transnationalism and describes the development of emigration from Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1992 to the events in the 21st century. Then it explores the characteristics of Bosnian Diaspora and the discourse about the Bosnian emigration in media and academic literature. Consequently, there are outlined particular fields that are influenced by Bosnian emigrants and practices by which...
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The importance of remittances in the context of contemporary development discourse
Žižková, Tereza ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
This thesis focuses on the phenomenon of remittances (money or products sent by migrants to their countries of origin) and their relation to current development discourse. The volumes of remittances are still growing and this revenue has become especially significant for developing countries. This thesis, therefore, does not only focus on the economic contribution of remittances but analyses them in a broader context. Its aim is to find whether and how do remittances contribute to the overall development of poor countries. This thesis offers a historical overview of developmental discourse and followed by specification of four key concepts of current development (empowerment, ownership, good governance and sustainable development), whereby this thesis constitutes a framework for further analysis. Remittances are substantially connected to the concepts of empowerment and ownership. They enable the recipients to meet their needs more freely and decide how to invest their money. From the point of views of good government concept, it is important, that remittances can help to put more pressure on the democratization of developing countries. Fulfilment of these concepts, as well as the stability of remittances, implies, that this revenue supports sustainable development in poor countries. This thesis is...
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Remittances in Ukraine using household data
Kuntsevych, Iuliia
This paper analyzes remittances sent by Ukrainian emigrants to their country of origin. It explores the main factors influencing the probability of obtaining remittances from abroad as well as the amount of remittances. We investigate how the planned future usage of remittances affects the likelihood of receiving them. The results of a survey of households in Ukraine were used to investigate the main defining factors for obtaining financial inflows from abroad, in addition to exploring the expenditures financed by remittances. Although the results of our analysis show that few factors have a significant influence on the probability of obtaining remittances and on their size, this topic warrants further investigation. The findings are important for policymakers as the Ukrainian government might design and implement policies that increase the development potential of remittances, while eliminating their negative side effects.
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Remittances, spending and political instability in Ukraine
Kuntsevych, Iuliia
This paper analyzes remittances sent by Ukrainian emigrants to their country of origin. It explores the dependence on remittances of a household’s spending on human capital, savings and donations, against the backdrop of the political situation in Ukraine in 2004. The paper also explores the effect of the political instability in Ukraine on how the households receiving remittances used them. The results of a Ukrainian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (ULMS) are used to explore households’ decision to spend on human capital development, save, or donate money, depending on their political views and future expectations. The main hypothesis tested\nis whether the individuals who supported and/or were involved with the Revolution (“pro-orange”), and who were optimistic about the future of Ukraine after the Orange Revolution, saved/donated more money than those who did not support the Revolution (“pro-blue-white”). In addition, the level of influence of remittances received from relatives or friends outside Ukraine on decisions to save and donate money is analyzed. The results show that the political views of respondents do not have a significant effect on decisions to save and/or donate money. However respondents’ political orientations do have a significant effect on the probability of receiving remittances - those who voted for “pro-orange” have a lower probability of receiving remittances from outside the household.
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Ukrainian labour migration and remittances in the European Union
Šperková, Lenka ; Strielkowski, Wadim (advisor) ; Korbel, Václav (referee)
The remittances or money transfers sent by migrants to the country of origin are considered to be one of the welfare channels with potential to influence macroeconomics indicators. The aim of this thesis is to analyse migration and remittance behaviour of Ukrainian migrants in the context of the EU. Study is based on the questionnaire survey inspired by the similar projects in the Latin America and Mexico. Contribution of the thesis lies in the detailed analysis of the topic that separates different forms of remittances. The econometric model consists of statistical summary of the data and three hypotheses tests focusing on the probability and amount remitted; consumption behaviour and probability of getting skilled position. According to findings, probability and amount remitted is determined by demographic factors and direction of effects differs in the case of regularly and one- time payments. Altruism and business financing are primary motives to remit. Remittances appear to be transferred by informal channels into the productive forms of consumption. A procurement of skilled position is positively influenced by human capital factors but also reflects labour market situation in the destination country. JEL Classification C31,C35,C51,C52, C83, E21, E27, F24, F22, J15, J24, J61, Y10 Keywords...
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Economic Aspects of Remittances and Migration: Case Study of Ukraine and the Czech Republic
Weyskrabová, Blanka ; Strielkowski, Wadim (advisor) ; Luňáčková, Petra (referee)
This thesis is driven by two main objectives. The first one is to provide a general overview of migration in economic theory with a specific focus on remittances and their aspects and impacts. We found that there is no clear consensus about effects of migration and remittances on source and target countries and thus further research is justified. The second aim of the thesis is to analyse migration and remittances between Ukraine and the Czech Republic using primary data from survey questionnaires collected by the Ukrainian Migration Project (UMP). According to our findings, remittances are determined mostly by demographic characteristics and levels of income on both the sending and receiving side, implying their altruistic origin. More importantly, it was not confirmed that remittances are channelled primarily into consumption. On the other hand, remittances do not influence productive spending of households either. These findings contribute to the overall discussion in the area of remittances and may suggest some policy implications.
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Economic Aspects of Remittances and Migration: Case Study of Ukraine and the Czech Republic
Weyskrabová, Blanka ; Strielkowski, Wadim (advisor) ; Luňáčková, Petra (referee)
This master thesis is driven by two main objectives. The first one is to provide a general overview of migration in economic theory with a specific focus on remittances and their aspects and impacts. We found that there is no clear consensus about effects of migration and remittances on source and target countries and thus further research is justified. The second aim of the thesis is to analyse migration and remittances between Ukraine and the Czech Republic using primary data from survey questionnaires collected by the Ukrainian Migration Project (UMP). According to our findings, remittances are determined mostly by demographic characteristics and levels of income on both the sending and receiving side, implying their altruistic origin. More importantly, it was not confirmed that remittances are channelled primarily into consumption. On the other hand, remittances do not influence productive spending of households either. These findings contribute to the overall discussion in the area of remittances and may suggest some policy implications.
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Impact of remittances on investments, financial development and economic growth. Case study Moldava
Cosovan, Natalia ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Benáček, Vladimír (referee)
Economic integration starts to be achieved faster through the international labor mobility than due to international trade or capital movements. Remittances, important international capital flows, became one of the most discussed topics in world. The migrant's transfers have become the primary source of existence in Moldova. This paper using data on transfer of funds for the period 1995-2010, attempts to examine the relationship between remittances and financial development, economic growth and investment level of Republic of Moldova. The main finding of this study is that remittances influence significantly the economic growth, the investment level. Moreover, these funds substitute for a shortage of development of the financial system and therefore promote growth. Keywords: Remittances, migrant, financial development, investment, economic growth, formal and informal channel. Author's e-mail: oti_marculescu@mail.ru Supervisor's e-mail: cahlik@fsv.cuni.cz
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Economic and social consequences of emigration from Yugoslavia in the 70s and 80s of 20th century
Hradilová, Petra ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
Master thesis evaluates the causes and the consequences of emigration from the countries of former Yugoslavia in the seventies and eighties. It focuses particularly on labor emigration to the Federal Republic of Germany. The analysis of the causes of emigration can not be done without a deeper understanding of the economical and economic development from a historical perspective. Therefore, the thesis includes the evaluation of post-war economic development, of the economy and of the mood in society in both countries. The aim of my thesis is to determine whether the main reason for the departure of so many Yugoslavians was especially the high unemployment rate. Whether among the first emigrants were people from less developed parts of the country. Another aim of my thesis is to determine the role played by aspects such as regional disparity of the individual federal states, age, education, religion and social status of migrants, in the issue of migration. What influence the emigration had to the following economic and social development of Yugoslavia. The thesis concludes that the main reason for labor emigration from Yugoslavia was high unemployment, and that the first emigrants were not people from backward areas. Work is mainly based on foreign literature, scientific articles and analysis of the Yugoslav statistical yearbooks.
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