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Elderly driver as a traffic risc personality
Sedlák, Emil ; Matuchová, Eva (referee) ; Schmeidler, Karel (advisor)
The goal of this thesis is to determine the current risk factors for individuals who are 65 years or older and using public transportation. The theoretical portion contains comments from literary sources which deal with transportation phychology with a focus on lower the cognitive abilities and psycho-motor skills and their effect as Well as the assistance features of cars. The analytical portion describes the future development of an aging population, ratings of statistics showing the accident proneness of senior citizens, examples of accidents, and casuistry from transport psychologist workplace. An analysis of the results from measuring reaction time of seniors and to compare it with younger generations. The final portion is dedicated to solutions that may be able to contribute to lower the number of accidents involving seniors of public transportation grounds.
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Influence of acrobatic sports on dynamic postural stability
Šalbabová, Anna ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Vomáčková, Helena (referee)
Author: Anna Šalbabová Title: Influence of acrobatic sports on dynamic postrual stability Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate an influence of acrobatic sports on dynamic postural stability with greater focus on vestibular system and reaction time of the subjects and to compare those qualities with non-acrobatic subjects who have no history of acrobatic training. Methods: Assessments were performed on NeuroCom Smart Equi Test device, which is located in laboratory of kinesiology at the UK FTVS. There were 20 subjects divided into 2 groups 10 subject each. One group made of 10 acrobatic athletes, the second group of 10 non- acrobatic subjects with no history of acrobatic training. The age of all subjects ranges from 20 to 34 years. For the testing of dynamic postural stability were used Sensory Organization Test (SOT), Motor Control Test (MCT), Head Shake - Sensory Organization Test (HS-SOT). For assessment of vestibulo-ocular reflex was used Dynamic Visual Acuity Test (DVAT), which cannot be performed without Perception Time Test (PPT). Results: The results have shown significantly better reaction times of acrobatic group in MCT and better results of acrobatic group in Head Shake - SOT in half of the performed tests. SOT and DVAT have shown no significant data. Conclusion: This study...
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The relationship between performance and selected aspects of personality as a prediction of risk behavior of drivers in road traffic
FALTOVÁ, Kristýna
Theoretical part of this bachelor thesis presents essential base of the work aimed to personal characteristics and achievement of motor vehicle drivers, including the relationship between both variables. Particular attention focuses on the traffic behaviour of drivers - especially risky traffic behaviour. The aim of practical part of quantitative research is to find connection between performance of reactive time and selected personal traits IP, OR, UZ, OI, FC, PR among risk drivers (those who drive under the influence of alcohol). Research focuses on differences between selected personality traits of both, risky and non-risky drivers, as well as it follows the connection of those traits with age of risk drivers. We also attempt to identify the difference between the reaction time and reaction accuracy of risk drivers, within the context of free and forced pace of performance and determination test. Research sample consisted of 160 drivers with driver licence for group B, C, D between the age of 18 to 60 years old. Hypotheses were verified by standardized methods - personality questionnaire SPARO and performance and determination test. Outcomes´ analysis has proved connection of the trait PR - experiencing vs. reacting approach with average reaction time of drivers using motor vehicle under the influence of alcohol in the context of forced pace of performance and determination test. Outcomes also show the difference between risk and non-risk drivers within their personal traits of IP - intensity of internal experiencing along with UZ - anxiety. Within the traits of IP - intensity of internal experiencing and OR - common tendency to risk, there has been found the relationship of those two traits with the age of risk drivers. Considering the performance of risk drivers, differences between common reaction time in free pace and in forced pace have been proved, however, there is no evidence of differences of performance concerning correct answers. The thesis contributes to selected personal characteristics´ assessing of risk and non-risk drivers, it helps to clarify performance characteristics of risk drivers, as well as the analysis of relationship between personal traits and performance of risk drivers.
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Measurement of Reaction Time and Attention
Oravová, Pavlína ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Sekora, Jiří (advisor)
The semesters thesis is focused on Measurement of Reaction Time and Attention. Part of this work is a definition of reaction time and factors influencing reaction time. Measuring reaction time in context of the theory of intelligence C-H-C is described together with this theory. There are included related tests, specifically Stroop test, Flanker test, Go/No-go test and N-back test. Next there is mentioned online problematics containing hardware and software delays and diagnostic and measuring of the network. The last part of the work is dedicated to a practical part.
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Detection of the measurement error using the reaction time
Antoňová, Tereza ; Remr, Jiří (advisor) ; Hendl, Jan (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the detection of measurement error based on the question order using the reaction time. The major part of the theoretical chapter deals with the respondent as the source of the error. A respondent needs to proceed through a cognitive process to answer a question. Various influences affect the process and they might have an effect on the accuracy of the answer. The frequently mentioned effects are age, education and motivation of respondent. The absence of respondents' motivation might lead to a reduction of their effort to properly proceed with the cognitive process. In that case, the respondent does not dedicate the appropriate cognitive effort and time to a question in the questionnaire. That length of time, which the respondent takes to answer, is called the reaction time and it is suggested that it might be used as an indicator of the amount of cognitive effort. Based on previously executed studies, the author designed hypotheses about the change in length of the reaction time with a change of question position in a questionnaire, about the effect of respondents' characteristics on the reaction time and its shortening. The significant shortening of the reaction time on the question located closer to the end of the experimental questionnaire is used as an indicator...
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Influence of the reaction time on neuronal response amplitude after the uncommon stimuli in fMRI images
Klimeš, Filip ; Bartoň, Marek (referee) ; Lamoš, Martin (advisor)
The goal of my bachelor’s thesis is to provide basic idea of the functional magnetic resonance imaging. The theoretical part deals with general principles, methods of measurement and analysis of fMRI data. The partial and also key objective is to design ways of modelling reaction time within the concept of general linear model. The goal of the practical part was to become familiar with SPM toolbox and then to implement designed ways on group data. The implementation was carried out at two levels: preprocessing and analysis of measured data. Preprocessed data were subjected to the first level analysis and second level analysis. Next aim is to evaluate the results of both analysis and thus different approaches to the modelling of reaction time and its influence on neuronal response amplitude after uncommon stimuli in functional magnetic resonance images.
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The duration of the defensive reaction to a sudden attack
Straus, Jiří
Reaction time research is an important parameter for the examination of possible human motor responses, especially in forensic biomechanics. Factors influencing the reaction time can be classified by many criterions. The most relevant theoretical and practical factors are alcohol, stimulating drugs, age, training, fatigue, subject's orientation towards stimulus, warning of incoming stimulus and psychical tension. Primary, we were interested in impairment of human's reaction time as a result of alcohol administration. This article refers to presentation of results of our pilot research project, which treats of the reaction time on random stimulus that requires complex motor response. We found no impairment up to 0,3‰ BAC, but overall relationship is expressed by quadratic regression.
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Association Experiment upon Students of Economics
Srnková, Denisa ; Krejčová, Kristýna (advisor) ; Krpálková Krelová, Katarína (referee)
This working paper is focused on association experiment created by C. G. Jung, which I transformed into my bachelor thesis based on word association from school area. In theoretical part, I am dealing with core principals, fundamentals, usage, and history of the experiment. In practical part, I am dealing with the experiment itself. My research is mainly focused on students of University of Economics, Prague, who have previously finished high school with economic specialization. I compared this essential group with boys/men and girls/women from different age and non-economic specialization. In the same time I tried to render reaction words. In conclusion of my bachelor thesis I summarized discovered findings and its practical usage.
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Effect of alkohol on the change of reaction time.
ŽIŽKOVSKÝ, Martin
This thesis deals with the theoretical part of the explanation of basic terminology, defines alkohol, partitioning and describes the reaction time. The practical part is devoted to a comparison group of homogeneous reaction time after drinking alcoholic beverages descriptive method. Based on these data, the comparison can evaluace how much influence alkohol has on the human reaction in practice.
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