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Possibilities for maintaining the Cultural Identity of the Nahuas from the Northeastern Mountains of the Puebla State: The Case of the Organization Union de Cooperativas Tosepan Titatiniske
Bernkopfová, Michala ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Barteček, Ivo (referee) ; Vrhel, František (referee)
This work deals with the issues of cultural identity of ethnic groups in the modern Mexican society, explores its characteristics and essence and searches for possibilities of its maintenance. The central question is, which way indigenous groups can develop their culture freely in the modern Mexican society, and so keep their own peculiarity and identity. The main instrument is a case study of Nahua communities occupying the territory of the Northeastern mountain range of the Mexican state of Puebla, which is in the sphere of influence of the organization called Unión de Cooperativas Tosepan Titataniske, seeking to improve the standard of living and strengthen the cultural identity of the villagers in the region. An ethno-historical study of the Nahua communities living in the particular region, completed with an analysis of the contemporary inhabitants' cultural identity based on a field research, shows that indigenous cultures can keep their identity in spite of significant external interference into their traditional way of life in the course of centuries and that the continuity of their identity is not dependent on maintaining concrete, time conditioned cultural manifestations. On the contrary, important factors for keeping cultural identity are the functional continuity of a given group and...
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Consequences of NAFTA Trade Agreement for the Car Industry in North America
Dobeš, Petr ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), signed between the United States of America, Canada and Mexico and its impact on the automotive industry in North America between the years 1994, when NAFTA came into force, and 2009, when two major American car manufacturers, General Motors and Chrysler, went bankrupt during the global-scale recession and the industry changed significantly. The thesis is based on the theory of comparative advantages, as it was described by a British economist David Ricardo in the 19th century. It subscribes to the general principle that a free trade is beneficial to all engaged parties, because it enables more effective allocation of resources and provides for more specialization of production. The thesis argues NAFTA was a complex and ambitious international trade deal that had profound impact on the evolution of this branch of industry in the United States, Canada and Mexico, however its impact on the economy as a whole was limited and many of the changes, attributed to NAFTA, would likely have happened even without its passage due to the natural process of evolution of the industry and modernization. The creation of a continent-wide zone of free trade enabled local and foreign car makers to establish international supply chains that...
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EZLN and changes in Mexican society
Kinský, Václav ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (advisor) ; Svitková, Katarína (referee)
This disertation is about an indian uprising in Mexico in January 1994. The work at first summarizes the history of Mexico and it's development of guerrilla. Then it tries to characterize Zapatista movement, it's internal structure and a view of an internetional law. Therefore it says basic diferences between guerrilla, terrorist organization and activist movement. In another part I do an analysis of chosen documents. Specifically it's the first Declaration of the Lacandona jungle, second Declaration of the Lacandona jungle, Revolutionary laws and as last Requirements introduced at the beginning of the negotiation on 21 February 1994. The work deals with overall analysis of the presented documents and the main examined section becomes a problem with formation of identity. It's closely related with conversion movement from peasant movement to movement fighting for laws of indigenous habitants
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The Intangible Cultural Heritage Safeguarded by UNESCO - the Mexican case
Zasadilová, Hana ; Binková, Simona (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
The aim of the work is to evaluate to what degree the intangible UNESCO monument of the "Day of the Dead" (Día de Muertos) is indeed a living heritage. In the first chapter, it deals with UNESCO and the institution of intangible heritage and with an overview of the Mexican monuments thereof. The second chapter presents in its three parts analyses the present state of the "Day of the Dead" on the background of its historical development, and it evaluates the current impact of the UNESCO world heritage protection in relation to globalization and commercialization of the holiday. Keywords: Mexico, Day of the Dead, UNESCO, intangible cultural heritage
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Mexico's dual approach at the southern border : clash of realism and humanitarianism
Vrchota, Petr ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
In my thesis I will show the case of Mexico, a country that is struggling hard to fulfill its principles of national security - one of the most characteristic features of Mexico's policies. Simultaneously, Mexico is making efforts to fulfill human rights' obligations of both its nationals and foreigners. Increasingly especially since the turn of the millennia, the United States has been fortifying its border with Mexico with the aim to prevent the Mexican and other immigrants reaching the United States illegally. Yet, hard-line border controls and migration-related policies have not been adopted solely by the United States, but also Mexico has played a dominant role in fortifying its border areas, especially along the southern border with Belize and Guatemala. My research questions would then focus on what is driving Mexico to adopt dual approach towards Central American migrants along Mexico's southern border, and why is Mexico balancing between realistic principles of national security and human rights' obligations, which has espoused by signing and ratifying international conventions?
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Reasons for Declaration of War on Drugs in Mexico: Two Perspectives of View.
Drhlíková, Eva ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
Bachelor thesis Reasons for Declaration of War on Drugs in Mexico: Two Perspectives of View deals with reasoning of Mexican War on Drugs that was proclaimed by Mexican president in 2006. It describes two different perspectives on the war. One of them is adopted by the Mexican government and is based on arguments that Mexico became a country - drug consumer; level of violence increased and security situation in country significantly deteriorated; drug cartels exercise more influence in Mexican politics. The second view is based on the situation that occurred in the country after the presidential elections in 2006. Untransparent elections and Calderón's very close victory resulted in the thesis that Calderón needed a strong theme which would be supported by people and at the same time would lead away from the unstable political situation in Mexico. This paper aims to analyze these perspectives and answer the question why the war was proclaimed and what stands behind the different approach of the government.
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Assessment of U.S. and Mexican strategies to combat the drug trade
Primasová, Rachel ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Drhlíková, Eva (referee) ; Perutka, Lukáš (referee)
Primasová Rachel Abstrakt The drug trade between Mexico and the US is an important issue. With Barack Obama's era, the perception of the drug trade has been changed. Obama chose to look at this problem as a health issue. His attitude was distributed via the National drug control. However, at the end of his presidency strategy's goals had not been fulfilled and numbers of overdose deaths have been increasing as well as the number of addicted people. In Mexico, Felipe Calderón chose a strongly repressive attitude via the National development plan. His attitude became the "drug war" that caused violence in the street and led to the extension of the conflict. Next president Enrique Peña Nieto promised to take a step back to peace. But in the end, mortality raised to the maximum and the drug trade continued to be a great security problem. Both the US and the Mexican strategies failed to fulfil their goals due to not approaching the drug trade as a complex issue and disregarding changing circumstances. Keywords: Drug trade, drugs, USA, Mexico, Barack Obama, Enrique Peña Nieto, Felipe Calderón, ONDCP
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An annotated translation of selected chapters from the history of the mexican gastronomy
Turturro, Stasia-Luisa ; Charvátová, Anežka (advisor) ; Obdržálková, Vanda (referee)
This bachelor thesis is divided into two parts: the practical part and the theoretical part. The practical part consists of the translation of the book De chile, de dulce y de manteca edited by Karla Paola Vázquez from Spanish to Czech. The book was published in the 2007 by the Otras Inquisiciones publisher and was made part of the reader's collection of non-fiction texts released by the magazine Algarabía. The topic of the book is the origin of mexican dining, mexican national traditions, favourite meals and drinks and oral proverbs, sayings and history related to gastronomy. The theoretical part consists of the translation analysis of the original text that takes as the model the methodology by Christiane Nord, the method of translating, the analysis of the problems created during the process of translating and their solution and is finally concluded with the bibliography.
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"U.S.-Mexican Counterdrug Security Cooperation: The Merida Initiative a Possible Solution?"
Paulino Rosario, Leandra ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Anděl, Petr (referee)
Mexico and the United States share not only an approximately 3000 km border but also important roles concerning drug traffic. With the U.S. as the major consumer and Mexico as its principal supplier, they make the perfect supply and demand equation. As a result, they share the threats related to drug traffic which affects the political, social, and economic level of both countries. During the last decade, the Mexican drug cartels have gained control of the drug entering the United States, so Mexico is a crucial issue in drug matters to their American neighbors. Currently, both nations accepted a shared responsibility in drug traffic cases and are working hand in hand to limit the capabilities of DTOs, but there remains the open question if such efforts are significantly useful. This thesis presents an analysis of the U.S. influence on the escalation of the fight against illicit drugs in Mexico during Bush and Obama administrations and the effectiveness of the counter-drug assistance program: the Merida Initiative. I argue that the Merida Initiative has been successful improving the U.S.-Mexican relations regarding bilateral counter-drug policies. However, the Mexican drug cartels have reached their momentum and seem to be leading the drug market. Besides, it is necessary to pursue a critical...
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