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Conceptualization and metaphors: contrastive analysis of somatic phraseology in Czech and Spanish
ROZSNYOVÁ, Sandra
The present Master thesis deals with the study of somatic idioms which contain the lexeme ruka ("mano") in Czech and Spanish language. The goal of this work is to analyse the metaphors and metonymies that are present in the studied phraseological units and to compare their distribution in the languages that are studied. The work is divided into a theoretical part, whose chapters contain the explanation of crucial concepts in the field of phraseology, the relation between language and cognition, basic principles of cognitive linguistics and a view on teaching of phraseology. The subject of the second, practical, part is the list of the metaphors and metonymies present in studied units and their detailed description. The practical part also contains a contrastive analysis of the results between Czech and Spanish with the focus at the similarities and differences. The work is written in Spanish and contains Czech summary.
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Metaphor of Motherhood in Scripture
KAŠPEROVÁ - POLDAUFOVÁ, Petra
This thesis defines metaphor as imagery. It deals with the history of the concept "metaphor", with metaphorical language, with its specifics and qualities, with metaphors in theology. It researches some specifics of Christian discourse. It focuses on metaphors associated with God´s motherood.
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Knowledge through Metaphor: Metaphor Use in Popular Science Writing, Demonstrated on the Example of Astronomy.
JENŠÍKOVÁ, Hana
The aim of this thesis is to analyse metaphor use in the field of natural sciences which will be demonstrated on the example of astronomy. First, the thesis focuses on the definition of the term metaphor and introduces the main approaches to this phenomenon. Furthermore, a special attention is paid to the application of the cognitive theory of metaphor in science which represents the theoretical basis for the practical analysis of gathered data, and to the comparison of metaphor use in technical and popular science writing. In the practical part, the occurrence of metaphor, its specific use, and function in providing information about the distant universe are examined by using a corpus compiled from popular science articles. The thesis focuses primarily on the classification of metaphors according to the source domains which they originated from. Specific metaphors are construed within individual categories. In the end of the thesis, results yielded by the analysis are summarised. Based on these results, general tendencies concerning the use of metaphor in popular science literature are defined.
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Metaphors and New Dictionaries of Contemporary Czech Poetry
STANĚK, Libor
The presented dissertation will focus, through neo-pragmatic and post-analytic interpretation, on the discussed discourse of current domestic lyric poetry which is delimited by the period from the revolutionary year of 1989 to the present day. Based on this theoretical background, which will be primarily explained in the methodological part, we will perceive the mentioned literary territory as a certain playing field with specifically defined rules. The work will try to find within the scope of these rules a certain type of successful metaphors (for example "environmental lyric poetry", "conceptual writing", "millennial poetry") and vocabularies connected to them including the speech strategies initiating the new notion apparatus of current Czech poetry. The concept of metaphor will be treated in this work according to the theory of Donald Davidson who comes with an opinion that metaphor does not have any particular cognitive content but it is merely a language game requiring rather an appreciation than clarification. In connection to this theory, the study will try to evaluate the pragmatic approach of Richard Rorty, particularly his ideas about the randomness of language. These ideas will also be an important method on which basis we will examine the presented poetic material. The main merit of this dissertation is five case studies from the already mentioned time period which by means of theoretical postulates mentioned above focus on the interpretation of our delimited poetic field in which we will try to talk about successful metaphors generating new productive vocabularies maintaining the flow of speech on the topic of current Czech poetry.
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Metaphor of father absence in a family in daughter's visual art
CÁBOVÁ, Zuzana
The bachelor thesis deals with the topic of the absence of the father in the family during the development and growing up of the daughter, the consequences of this absence and their reflection in the visual production of the adult daughter. The theoretical part summarizes the basics of the current understanding of the complex relationships between father and daughter. Furthermore, the basic principles of the interpretation of pictorial symbolism are described. In the practical part, the relationships between the physical or emotional absence of the father, paternal deprivation and the symbolic meaning of the daughter's artistic artefacts are sought. For the analysis of art metaphors were used pictorial series of 9 women whose life experience best fit the goal of the thesis. The first eighteen paintings (i.e. three authors) were interpreted in detail in the text; the analyzes of the other series of pictures were given only by a headword in the interpretational summary. The result of the interpretation work was to find a lot of metaphors of the father's absence and paternal deprivation. Metaphors appeared across the entire formal and content levels of the visual work. The symbols and metaphors found proved to be inseparable from their pictorial context, yet their discovery brought interesting insights into the issue.
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Metaphor in work of Vladimír Holan
DVOŘÁK, Martin
This doctoral thesis focuses on metaphors and their usage in literature. On basis of different theoretical approaches, the thesis describes the substitution theory of metaphor, specifically Aristotle's concept presented in his treatises Poetics and Rhetoric, then interaction theory of metaphor, initiated by Ivor Armstrong Richards and developed by Max Black. The concept of cognitive content of metaphors will be particularly analysed. The methodology section of this thesis will then focus on Donald Davidson's essay "What Metaphors Mean", John Searle's theory of speech acts and Richard Rorty's model of contingency of language. The thesis is complemented by three case studies theoretically based on methodology described in previous chapters. The studies analyse the metaphors in poetry of czech poet Vladimír Holan. They are surveying Holan's figurative language in his books from late 20s to late 40s of the 20th century, one of the studies focuses on speech initiations produced by Holan's lyric poetry, which he wrote in 30s, those initiations are tracked in contemporary reviews.
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The Metaphor in the Life, the Art and the Art Therapy
PARILÁKOVÁ, Eva
The work deals with topic present in two basic questions: 1. What is the meaning of interpretation in life, art and art therapy? 2. What form can/should the interpretation have? Given topics are analyzed through deep interpretation probe into particular art production with emphasis on its significant, symptomatic style, its metaphoric system, characteristic atmosphere and its association potential (Marc Chagall). Basic motifs traced within given analysis are divided into following parts: the nature of art metaphor, polysemy and ambiguity of interpretation, dreamlike symbolism of Picture, personal and archetypal mythology of art production, diagnostics of problem, problem and its {\clqq}overgrowth`` into art production, search for the new interpretation frames and contexts. The aim of the work is to present the Rožňov art therapy utilization in the life context in the sense of finding parallels between art production and deep characteristics of human psyche.
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"New" role of an object in "object art" and "art of instalation"
Holubcová, Klára ; Bláha, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kornatovský, Jiří (referee)
Submitted graduation theses offer different views of questions relating to an object (thing) in the "object art". The foundation of the "object art" brought a "new" role of an object. It does mean that the border of an art types are no more close, as well as life and art are now transparent. We can find qualitative changes in a various ways of treatment of an object. I saw these changes in according to four basic criteria: meaning, material, form and function. Another centre line of the text are overlaps of fine art and applied art, which detects common tendences in both spheres.
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On the Relationship Between Metaphor and Technology: a Comparative Study on Nanotechnology
Kotlík, Pavel ; Hájek, Martin (advisor) ; Vincent, Bernadette Bensaude (referee) ; Konrad, Kornelia (referee)
At the turn of the millennium, the most developed countries began to take interest in nanotechnology, that is, technologies defined by their precise nanometer-level functionality, but also by their substantial, realised, or anticipated changes in industry and medicine. At the European policy level, nanotechnology has become part of the pan-national governance principle, accompanied however by low public awareness of the benefits and risks. Nanotechnology engenders gradual, albeit very controversial transformations where actors adopt various communication strategies. The dissertation presents an analysis of the relationship between metaphor and nanotechnology. Neither metaphor nor nanotechnology is a neutral resource to be freely exploited, but both have significant implications for the strategic efforts of actors who use them. The study has the objective of exploring the social representations of nanotechnology in the various local (cultural) contexts of their medialisation and investigating the isomorphism which exists between metaphorical structures and the evolution of nanotechnology controversies. The theoretical part considers the role of metaphors in constructing social representations of nanotechnology and in translating between there and then and here and now. These representations and...
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Image schema for PATH in the Czech Sign Language
Moudrá, Anna ; Vaňková, Irena (advisor) ; Macurová, Alena (referee)
Summary: This thesis builds on current research about image schema PATH in Czech language. After a theoretical introduction of the cognitive-linguistic theory of conceptual, or image schemas and about iconic and iconic-metaphorical (double) mapping of sign language existing theoretical and methodological knowledge is compared with language material that captures expressions schema PATH in the Czech sign language. For these purposes a corpus of signs of Czech sign language that make use of the schema of PATH was acquired. Analyzed signs are categorized by target areas (semantic circuits) and also according to the criteria of phonological structure. Key words: cognitive linguistics, Czech sign language, metaphor, iconic mapping, iconic-metaphoric (double) mapping, image schema, image schema PATH
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