|
|
Selected Bacterial and Viral Infections Transmitted through Sexual Contact
Tesařová, Kateřina ; Pavlasová, Lenka (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
Selected bacterial and viral infections transmitted through sexual contact The abstract This thesis deals with selected bacterial and viral venereal disease. It is an STD (Sexually Transmitted Diseases) transmitted mainly through sexual contact. The elaborated retrieval work deals with the occurrence of these selected infections - chlamydia, gonorrhea, chancroid, syphilis, hepatitis B, AIDS, genital herpes, genital warts and cervical cancer. Its task is a summary of the issue of sexually transmitted diseases, a detailed introduction to current information and results of scientific research. The attention is paid to the individual diseases, the general characteristics of viruses or bacteria, symptoms and mode of transmission. Further the study points to ways of diagnosis and treatment, epidemiological incidence of infection. Last but not least the emphasis is on prevention. Keywords: sexually transmitted disease, chlamydia, gonorrhea, chancroid, syphilis, hepatitis B, HIV / AIDS, genital herpes, genital wals, cervical cancer
|
|
|
Psychological adaptation demands to oncological diagnosis of cervival cancer: quality of life and posttraumatic growth in the phase of disease remission
Hejnová, Kateřina ; Loneková, Katarína (referee) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
The presented thesis deals with psychological demands and specific factors of the adaptation to the oncological diagnosis "cervical cancer." The focus is on quality of life and posstraumatic growth of patients in the phase of disease remission. The theoretical part first introduces specifics of cervical cancer with consideration of patients' experience and then provides the issue of coping with the oncological disease in terms of coping and defense mechanisms. Then it elaborates the psychological adaptation to cancer disease with focus on other aspects linked to society, patients and disease altogether with problems in coping with oncological diagnosis. The theoretical part of the study is concluded with the description of demands and patients' experience in each clinical stage of the disease. The chapter of disease remis;sion is focused on theoretical background of life quality and posttraumatic growth concepts including an overview of tools for quantitative evaluation. The empirical part describes supporting psychological and other aspects, which help women to cope with cervical cancer. It also pays attention to the change of these aspects and needs with regard to clinical stage of the disease (treatment, remission and relapse) and specific demographic data (age, children, size of residence,...
|
|
|
Sexuality of patients after simple and radical hysterectomy for bening or malignant gynaecologic disease
Vrzáčková, Petra ; Sláma, Jiří (advisor) ; Tošner, Jindřich (referee) ; Kubíček, Vladimír (referee)
Background: Cervical carcinoma is frequently diagnosis of young, sexually active women. Radical hysterectomy, as a basic therapeutic modality of early stages of cervical cancer, has very positive oncogynaecologic results. On the opposite site it has it's significant morbidity including bladder and rectal dysfunctions, lymphedemas, and deterioration in patient's sexual life. Methods: Data of forty one patients undergoing radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer were used for analysis, as well as data of forty nine patients undergoing simple hysterectomy for benign gynacologic disease and fifty three healthy controls Participants filled out sexual function and quality of life questionnaires before surgery and three and six months postoperatively. Results: The most important finding was statistically significant worsening in objective arousal in cervical cancer patients (p = 0,041). Also decrease in libido and higher frequency of dyspareunia was registered. Patients undergoing simple hysterectomy showed decreasing trend in sexual dysfunctions, mainly in severe dyspareunia. Conclusions: Radical hysterectomy for cervical carcinoma has a risk of arousal disorder, libido decrease and worsening of dyspareunia. Psychosexual counselling decreases frequency of early postoperative sexual dysfunctions.
|
|
|
Evaluation of postoperative lymphoedema after differently radical surgery for vulvar and cervical carcinoma
Nováčková, Marta ; Halaška, Michael (advisor) ; Špaček, Jiří (referee) ; Mlynček, Miloš (referee) ; Kučera, Eduard (referee)
The aim of this study was a prospective detection of postoperative lymphedema of the lower limbs in patients after the surgery for cervical and vulvar cancer using different methods of examination and their comparison and monitoring of postoperative complications and quality of life. Totally 78 women were followed after the surgery for cervical cancer and 36 for carcinoma of the vulva. Due to the radicality of the surgery the patients were divided into the conservative and radical groups. Lower limbs lymphedema were evaluated preoperatively and 3, 6 and 12 months after the surgery by the measurement of the lower limbs circumference, multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MFBIA) and subjective feeling. Quality of life using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) questionnaires was evaluated before and 6 and 12 month after the surgery. 12 months after the cervical cancer surgery 35.9 % of patients reported subjective lymphedema, 37.18 % lymphedema were objectively diagnosed by the measurement of lower limb circuits and in 52.56 % of cases the increase of amount of extracellular fluid was detected by the MFBIA Ri/R0 method. The prevalence of lymphedema after the surgery for vulvar cancer reached 19.44% by the subjective assessment, 38.89 % by the measurement of...
|
|
|
Psychological aspects of coping with a serious somatic disease: women diagnosed with cervical cancer
Hejnová, Kateřina ; Loneková, Katarína (advisor) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
The diploma thesis "Psychological aspects of coping with a serious somatic disease: women diagnosed with cervical cancer" deals with psychological demands of the adaptation to the oncological disease with focus on specifics of the cervical cancer diagnosis. The theoretical part first introduces specifics of cervical cancer with consideration of patients' experience and then provides the issue of coping with the oncological disease in terms of coping and defense mechanisms. Then it elaborates the psychological adaptation to cancer disease with focus on other aspects linked to society, patients and disease altogether with problems in coping with oncological diagnosis. The theoretical part of the study is concluded with the description of demands and patients' experience in each clinical stage of the disease. The empirical part describes supporting psychological and other aspects, which help women to cope with cervical cancer. It also pays attention to the change of these aspects and needs with regard to clinical stage of the disease (treatment, remission and relapse) and specific demographic data (age, children, size of residence, partnership). It is also focused on those of supporting aspects, which are appreciated or missed by the patients within the treating team (doctors and other medical staff)....
|
|
|
Examination of HPV as part of cervical cancer prevention
PETŘÍKOVÁ, Petra
Sexually transmitted HPV infection (human papillomavirus), or infection with human papillomavirus, is a decisive factor in cervix carcinoma etiology. Human papillomaviruses are considered to be the most frequent sexually transmitted infection worldwide. In women, the life-long risk of infection is 80%. High-risk genotypes (high-risk HR HPV 16, HPV 18) were classified among carcinogens. The risk of cervix carcinoma in a woman who is HR HPV positive is 100 to 400 times higher compared to a woman who is HR HPV negative. The first part of my thesis contains a brief theoretical overview of HPV history, structure and classification. The next part deals with the ways of HPV transmission and the incubation period of the pathogenic agent in question. The incubation period as well as the replication cycle of the virus depend on the extent of infection and on the status of the immune system. Increased occurrence of papillomavirus infection is found in persons with a damaged component of cell immunity. In the further part of the thesis I focused on the diagnostic procedures and tests proving HPV infection including its clinical manifestations. Continued HPV infection, together with other relevant factors (smoking, immunodeficiency, lack of vitamins, stress, vaginal infection and hormone influence), increases the probability of cervix carcinoma occurrence. Here I also mention the histopathological classification, prognosis and treatment of these tumors. Considering the occurrence of cervix carcinoma, the situation in the CR is not as favorable as in other advanced countries where the screening is more effective. For comparison, the incidence and mortality in the CR are presented within global scale. Further on I attempted to stress the importance of primary prevention, mainly vaccination. The parts of secondary prevention mentioned in the thesis are preventive examinations, colposcopy, oncological cytology, serological methods and HPV test. The aim of my thesis is to emphasize the importance of testing for human papilloma virus HPV tests carried out in high risk group of women aged over 35 years within the system of preventive examinations. However, nowadays these examinations are accomplished just in women with an abnormal cytological finding. My thesis summarizes the quantitative findings as regards HPV tests done on the basis of determining the nucleic acid of human papillomaviruses by hybridization method with enhanced signal using chemiluminiscence detection. The detection of HPV was achieved with the use of the sets hc2 High-Risk HPV DNA Test and hc 2 HPV DNA Test from QIAGEN company. The thesis includes results of the tests for high-risk types of human papillomaviruses (HPV 16/18/31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59/68) found in 767 women over the period from January 1 2010 to December 31 2013. The tests were carried out at the Medical Microbiology Ward of the Hospital Jindřichův Hradec, a joint-stock company. The group of women with already positive cytological finding was divided into six age categories to highlight the high-risk groups of women over 35 and over 65. As I myself belong to the high-risk group over 35, my intention was to prove the hypothesis that the cause of the cytological changes in women over 35 can be attributed to the dangerous types of human papillomavirus. Finally, after carrying out the analysis of the obtained results, I attempted to propose a solution which could be used in practice.
|
|
| |
guest ::
