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Process of demographic transition and possible use of demographic dividend in selected countries of the MENA region
Vávrů, Tereza ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Process of demographic transition and possible use of demographic dividend in selected countries of the MENA region Abstract The aim of this work is to evaluate the course of demographic transition in the MENA region, mainly in two selected countries - Iran and Iraq. The course of this demographic transition is evaluated based on the analysis of fertility and mortality. Another aim is to evaluate the possible use of the demographic dividend that may occur in these countries. This is mainly to evaluate the key factors which affect the demographic dividend. First, we analyze the development of the age structure which is crucial for defining the beginning and the length of the period of the demographic dividend. Then comes the analysis of other factors such as health, education and employment of the population.These factors determine whether a country is able to effectively exploit the potential of the demographic dividend. It is obvious that not only the favorable age structure but also properly directed government policy is necessary for the period of demographic dividend. In conclusion we summarize the findings of analysis by which we determine at which stages of demographic transition Iran and Iraq are located. In addition, we approximately define the period of the demographic dividend in these two...
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Japan-Mexico type of demographic revolution - evaluation of development in Japan and Mexico
Bednářová, Alena ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Japan-Mexico type of demographic revolution - evaluation of development in Japan and Mexico Abstract The aim of this work is to evaluate the progress of the demographic revolution in Japan and Mexico using the definition of the Japan-Mexico type demographic revolution, which is defined for the characterization of the process of the demographic revolution in developing countries. The main question of this thesis is whether we can characterize the process of the demographic revolution by the population development of this two countries, namely Japan on one side and Mexico on the other side. Firstly, the work is focused on the definition of the beginning and end of the demographic revolution in developing countries and analysis of its process. In the following part, there is an explanation of the demographic revolution in Japan and Mexico based on the analysis of mortality and fertility and changes in the age structure. In accordance with the given aim the analysis is not performed in the same time period, but in particular stages of the demographic revolution. In conclusion common and different features of the process of the demographic revolution in Japan and Mexico are summarized and so the reasons for designation the process of demographic revolution in developing countries as the "Japan-Mexico" is...
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Population Development of Countries after Demographic Revolution
Vítková, Lucie ; Pavlík, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee)
Lucie Vítková: Populační vývoj zemí po demografické revoluci Abstract The aim of the thesis is an analysis of main features of population development in developed countries and a question whether there is homogeneity of population development. Demographic revolution is a qualitative change from extensive to intensive character of demographic reproduction and it is a subject to modernization. Countries which are understood not only as demographically developed ones but also as economically developed has been taken as an object of this thesis. These countries finished demographic revolution at the latest in the middle of the 20th century. This period has been used as a starting point for most analysis which has been carried out. Demographic reproduction is a process determined by biological and social factors. Human reproduction takes place in relatively stable limits, which lead to its homogenization. The importance of social conditionality has grown during demographic revolution, social aspects are the cause of their development changes and specific features, same social conditions lead to homogenization. Presumption of different features of population development as consequence of different conditions in former Eastern and Western countries has been confirmed not only in individual main demographic indexes...
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Changes in the age structure of the population of the Czech Republic and their possible consequences
Holečková, Kristýna ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on major demographic changes in behaviour among the population of the Czech Republic between 1989 and 2014. Currently, population ageing represents a global problem connected with many causes and consequences - economic, social or political. The thesis concentrates specifically on three areas. One of them is the labour market, which is frequently associated with concerns about labour shortage and labour market discrimination. Further, it engages with the system of social policy, namely nursing services and homes for the elderly and constantly increasing costs of health care. The thesis aims at a detailed discription of areas connected with the changes in the age structure and make a suggestion of possible measures to face the effects of demographic ageing with regard to future development. A substantial part focuses at the development of selected demographic indicators and population projection.
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The Implications of Family Planning Policies on the Growth of Chinese Economy
Skořepová, Kateřina ; Stuchlíková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Hnát, Pavel (referee)
Apart from rapid economic growth, China has also experienced significant demographic changes over the past few decades. The People's Republic of China's family planning policies led to a sharp drop in the fertility rate. This MS Thesis aims to assess the possible consequences of the family planning policies on future growth of Chinese economy. The theoretical part defines population policy, assess the connections between population growth and economic growth and deals with the development of population theory over the years. The analytical part describes the family planning policy in China, its principles and instruments. Next it identifies the possible consequences of the demographic changes caused by the drop in fertility rate. The last part of the thesis focuses on two economically most severe consequences - population ageing and shrinking working age population - and evaluates its implications on future growth of Chinese economy.
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Second demographic transition in the mirror of time series
Nosková, Barbora ; Arltová, Markéta (advisor) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to summarize and extend the findings of the second demographic transition in the Czech Republic. To show sociological changes that occurred after the beginning of the second demographic transition. The aim is to estimate time series models of individual demographic indicators before and after the second demographic transition. Predictions of selected demographic indicators are based on Swedis demographic time series.
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