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Church views on euthanasia in the Czech Republic
Mlýnková, Kristýna ; Vogel, Jiří (advisor) ; Veverková, Kamila (referee)
This Master's thesis named "Approaches of Czech Churches towards Euthanasia" studies the topic of euthanasia through position papers of four selected churches active in the Czech Republic. The four examined churches are Roman Catholic Church, Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia, Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren, and Czechoslovak Hussite Church whereas documents published by ecumenical panels are studied as well. The goal of the thesis is to create a statement overview of these four churches. First, the work introduces the topic itself, explains basic terms and development of different approaches. Second, it analyses position papers of examined churches which are subsequently compared in order to find the aspects which are common to the all four churches.
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The German Hauptstadtfrage Bonn versus Berlin : The Decision about the Government and Parliament Seat of the Re-United Germany
Báčová, Tereza ; Nigrin, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mynaříková, Romana (referee)
The conflicted question of German political capital has been discussed on numerous times. Its most dramatic time came when it got bound by the ideological and territorial turmoils during the Cold War era of the 20th century. Nevertheless, it was the end of iron-separated country and its reunification in 1990 which reignited the topic and forced Germany to make this essential decision about its metropolis and soon to be the seat of the government for good. Presented thesis "Die deutsche Hauptstadtfrage Bonn versus Berlin; Der Beschluss über den Regierungs- und Parlamentssitz des vereinten Deutschlands" deals with this German inner political debate about the political capital in its so far the last stage, where two candidates Bonn and Berlin had a run for it. The perspective of gradual evolution of the debate from its beginning in year 1989 is used to clarify the final decision and a vote to make Berlin the capital city as well as the seat of the united government and the parliament. Thesis concludes, that there was a number of crucial factors which played their part even prior to the vote for Berlin (Unification Agreement, political power of some prominent politicians, compromise bill of the Berlin Party etc.) as well as it was the very strong rhetorical, argumentative and emotional power shown by Berlin's...
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Debate about the introduction of a Bill of Rights in the United Kingdom
Kimelová, Anna ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Debate about the introduction of a Bill of Rights in the United Kingdom" deals with a debate which has been taking place in the United Kingdom since 2007 and which mainly considers the possibility of introducing an original British Bill of Rights. The thesis presents the most important moments of the debate and opinions of its most significant participants. These are politicians, scholars in the fields of constitutional law and human rights as well as non-governmental organisations, think-tanks and pressure groups. The thesis analyses their arguments and opinions and examines which of these arguments are the most often mentioned and are the most influential. In general, the debate deals most with the questions whether a Bill of Rights should be introduced, what it should include and how it should be entrenched. The character and the content of the debate are significantly affected by the discussion of the current protection of rights in the country. This has been since 1998 represented by the Human Rights Act which incorporated the European Convention on Human Rights into the constitutional system. Its critique stood at the beginning of the debate about a Bill of Rights and the thesis argues that it belongs among the most important arguments for the introduction of a new Bill of...
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Application of laws of gender equality by French political parties
Šubertová, Aneta ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Tomalová, Eliška (referee)
In 1999, France, after a long and dragging debate, revised its Constitution in order to enable the installation of gender quotas in elected political bodies. In 2000 'parity laws' were enacted. They defined the parameters of these quotas that applied strictly to elections of proportional electoral system, such as elections into municipal councils with over 3.500 inhabitants, regional and European elections, and Senate elections in areas with three and more senators. In elections with plurality voting system, such as legislative elections and Senate elections with one or two senators, the parity was supposed to be achieved by imposing of financial penalty for those political parties that would not comply with the parity laws. This diploma thesis describes a public discussion that had taken place in France before the adoption of the gender parity imposed by the law. It compares four major political parties- the Republicans, Socialist party, The Greens and the National Front. The research analyzes their compliance with parity laws and their implementation on their candidate lists in parliamentary as well as Senate elections. The aim of this diploma thesis is to show and compare the rhetoric and the actions of the studied political parties with regards to the parity. The research analyzes the lists of...
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Interruption of Speech during Debate in Selected Parliamentary Chambers: Study 1.165
Syllová, Jindřiška
Právo na vystoupení poslance v parlamentní rozpravě je jednou z nejdůležitějších součástí mandátu poslance. Navazuje na základní parlamentní privilegium poslance „freedom of speech“. Z tohoto důvodu se přerušení vystoupení poslance v rozpravě zásadně nepřipouští, pokud poslanec dodržuje předem daná pravidla jednání. Předseda (předsedající) je osobou, která vykládá jednací řád, řídí jednání a volá poslance k pořádku, pokud se vyskytují nepořádky v komoře (včetně nepořádků při vystoupení poslance). V naprosté většině parlamentů není možno projev poslance, který neporušuje daná pravidla jednání, nijak přerušit (a to ani předsedajícím). Výjimku tvoří v části parlamentních komor procedurální návrhy a výzvy k pořádku (call to order). V rámci výzvy k pořádku se povoluje přerušení i v případě odchýlení se od bodu nebo opakování se. V několika parlamentních komorách je možné přerušení vystoupení se souhlasem poslance, který má projev. Právo poslance na nepřerušený projev v rozpravě je zneužíváno k parlamentním obstrukcím, které jsou po mnohá desetiletí (či v některých státech staletí) legitimní součástí parlamentního jednání. Název filibuster označuje obstrukci, užívanou menšinou vůči většině, pomocí níž se zdržuje přijetí rozhodnutí (je používáno zejména v Austrálii a Senátu USA). Obstrukce jsou považovány za část parlamentní demokracie. V některých státech je jim podrobnými předpisy zabraňováno (například stanovením hodiny, do které je možno večer jednat a hlasovat).
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Drafting and approval of a meeting program and agenda and of changes to the approved program (in selected parliamentary chambers): Study 1.209
Syllová, Jindřiška
Studie se zabývá vytvářením programu, organizováním pořadu schůze a možnými změnami, flexibilitou již schválených pořadů. Organizaci programu a pořadu parlamentních komor je možno rozdělit na několik typů, kdy většina komor tradičních parlamentů v podstatě nedovoluje změny hlavního programu a pořadu činěné tentýž den, aby nedocházelo k nepředvídaným programovým zvratům a rovněž aby vláda dosáhla plynulého přijímání navržených zákonů. Naopak v typu parlamentu, který se uplatňuje v parlamentních republikách postkomunistických států (ČR, Slovensko, Polsko, Maďarsko, pobaltské státy) jsou jednací řády ovlivněny tím, že agendu parlamentních komor (hlavního programu) povětšinou vytváří parlamenty samotné.
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