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Material Custody and Compensation for Custody
Bunganič, Jan ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
Die Kurzfassung Diese Arbeit stellt einen Exkurs ins strafverfahrenlichen Institut der Untersuchungshaft vor. Sie widmet sich vor allem den Voraussetzungen und den Gründen für die Möglichkeit der Haftverfolgung. In der wissenschaftlichen Literatur wird diese Problematik oft wie sog. das materielle Untersuchungshaftrecht genannt. Dieses Thema wählte ich vornehmlich für die Kontroverse der Untersuchungshaft, weil sie mit den vielen menschlichen Grundrechten kollidiert. Die Arbeit wird in sieben Kapitel gegliedert. In den ersten Kapiteln werden die Gründe der Regelung, die theoretischen Definitionen und vor allem die Maximen, darauf dieses Institut aufgebaut wird, angeführt. Die Maximen sind sehr wichtig vor allem für die Anwendung in der Praxis. Die Untersuchungshaft stellt nämlich ein von den schwersten Eingriffen im Freiheitsrecht vor, deshalb werden hier auch die Forderungen der Urkunde der Menschenrechte und der Freiheiten, der Europäische Menschenrechtskonvention und des Europäischen Gerichtshofs für Menschenrechte angedeutet. In dem dritten und zweiten Kapitel folgt die Aufzählung der nötigen Voraussetzungen für die Untersuchungshaftentscheidung. Schrittweise wird die Notwendigkeit der Beschuldigung, des dringenden Verdacht von der Straftatbegehung oder die Unterlagen für Gerichtsentscheidung...
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The means of custody substitution in criminal proceeding
Škařupová, Petra ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Gřivna, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to outline the general assumptions of custody in criminal proceedings, the historical development of institutes of custody means up to the present legal form, and interpretation of current legislation of means of custody substitution. Among these alternatives belongs association or trustworthy person guaranties, written promise of accused, probation officer supervision and bail. Furthermore, this thesis includes the means of custody substitution for juveniles, comparison with foreign legislation in area of custody substitution with the Federal Republic of Germany and the Slovak Republic and also includes an outline of a new form of treatment of these institutes with a view to preparing the new version of the Criminal Procedure. This work is complemented by specific findings and results concerning the use of funds in the custody of compensation practice. The conclusion includes my own arguments relating to means of custody substitution and form their proposals de lege ferenda, which aim to streamline and modernize the criminal proceedings so that this better fulfill its true social purpose, which is to detect and prosecute the real criminals.
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Current issues of custody within Czech criminal proceedings
Benediktová, Eliška ; Galovcová, Ingrid (advisor) ; Tlapák Navrátilová, Jana (referee)
Current issues of custody within Czech criminal proceedings Abstract This submitted thesis describes custody's current issues within Czech criminal proceedings. The custody is an established and irreplaceable institute that has been for a long time a traditional part of criminal proceedings. Due to the nature of this institute, representing a major interference with personal freedom of the individual, it is still widely discussed not only by experts but also attracts the attention of the general public. The thesis itself consists of five consecutive chapters. The first chapter defines the concept and purpose of the custody, considering its basic principles. The following second chapter includes a brief description of custody's historical development in the Czech Republic, but the chapter also serves as an introduction to understanding the current legislation. In addition, the valid regulation is the one of 1961, which has undergone several changes since its adoption. The third chapter deals with the material concept of custody law, i.e. the legal conditions for the custody imposition and the analysis of individual reasons for it, trying to capture the bottlenecks of the related law. The fourth chapter describes some aspects of formal custody law, which characterizes the processes of authorized bodies in...
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Constitucional limits of personal freedom
Fišerová, Veronika ; Antoš, Marek (advisor) ; Kindlová, Miluše (referee)
Constitutional limits of personal freedom Abstract The Master's thesis deals with the extensive theme of restriction or deprivation of the personal freedom. The aim of this thesis is not to analyse the reasons for deprivation of personal freedom in detail, but to look at personal freedom as a whole. In the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms (the Charter), personal freedom is the highest-ranked right to be most often interfered with by the state. Any restriction of personal freedom must meet a number of conditions resulting from legislation, international treaties and the supreme courts' decisions. The main goal of this thesis is to evaluate the frequency and intensity of the deprivation of personal freedom in the Czech Republic. In this thesis I pose the question whether all these limits of permissible deprivation of personal freedom are respected in practice or not. In this thesis I do not deal with the term of imprisonment but I focus on the reasons of deprivation of personal freedom expressly enumerated in the Charter. The first chapter deals with a brief definition of the concept of personal freedom, its incorporation in our legal order and its implementation in international treaties. In the following section, I present the conditions of permissible deprivation of personal freedom resulting...
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Custodial Assurance of The Accused Person
MAŘÍKOVÁ, Miroslava
The diploma thesis is focused on the custodial assurance of the accused person. The institute of the custody is seen as a freedom restriction and the person's personal freedom and also it is seen as one of the kinds of ensuring measures. The core is to keep the conditions set by the law and basic principles of the criminal proceedings to not to allow over-use or abuse of the custody. The aim of the diploma thesis is the analysis of the custodial assurance legal frame, custody basic characteristics, its reasons, measures to substitute custody and to map the or of the social worker in this field. It is overall summary of legal adjustments concerning the custody. The thesis is divided into twelve chapters. The first chapter is dedicated to the person assurance itself before the custody procedure and the second chapter includes custody basic characteristics and its legal anchor. The third chapter deals with custodial conditions, reasons and its duration. The fourth one concerns the custody length and other legal terms. The fifth chapter is focused on the decision about custody in proceedings before the court and in the legal proceedings and that in the frame of the authorities by particular organs. The sixth chapter concerns the custody itself, including the place and personal section. There are defined the measures which can be used to substitute the custody in the seventh chapter. There is analysis of the link in the case of youth offenders and there are also stated the main differences from adult accused ones in the eighth chapter. The ninth and tenth chapter mention psycho-social impact of the custody, social work with people in the custody proceedings and the role of the social worker in this field. The last chapter is in short focused on the comparison of the custody and the punishment. The diploma thesis comes out primarily from the judicature, legal regulations - in particular from the Law nr. 141/1961, about the criminal proceedings of justice (legal code), literature with comments, professional articles and internet sources.
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Civil aspects of animal ownership
Podhajský, Jiří ; Frinta, Ondřej (advisor) ; Thöndel, Alexandr (referee)
1 Abstract The topic of this thesis is civil aspects of animal ownership. The aim of this study is to analyze the specific civil aspects of ownership of animals, for example horses, in contractual relations and tort liability as well as a brief comparison of the issue with Austrian and Slovak legislation. The focus of this work lies in the analysis of the applicability of the relevant provisions of the Civil Code or the need for specific contractual provisions in the contractual relations and further analysis of the individual types of tort liability and their relationships. The thesis consists of three main chapters further divided into subsections. The comparison with foreign legislation is contained in the final subsection of each chapter. The first chapter briefly discusses the status of the animal as an object of legal relations and the subjects of those legal relations. The second chapter deals with the most common legal relations of contracts relating to horses. Those are the commencement and ownership transfer to the horse by increment, donation and purchase and legal relations associated with commercial stabling which are custody, lease and work. The third chapter deals with damage liability caused by animal, liability from operational activity and liability for object taken into custody, taking...
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Material custodial law
Glogarová, Jana ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Heranová, Simona (referee)
The rigorous thesis deals with custody, a juridical institute, which is considered as one of the custodial instruments in criminal law. The main theme is material custodial law consisting in defining of concept of custody, substantial attributes of custody, basic conditions necessary for taking accused into custody, the reasons for custody and last, but not least, in defining instruments which are capable to substitute custody and these abovementioned considering legislation, jurisprudence and specialist literature. The thesis offers discursion into history of custody, how the legislation changed owing to adoption of new Rules of Criminal Procedures and their novelizations, and it follows also constitutional and international contexts of custody. The thesis contains the specificity of enactments relating to adolescents and custody in relation to the legal acts with foreign countries.
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The issue of the concept of criminal custody
Petrek, Marian ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Herczeg, Jiří (referee)
Conclusion - Problems of custody instrument The topic of this diploma thesis is area of problems of custody instrument. This security instrument of procedural criminal law brings many problems especially in the area of its application and its performance. Nowadays this issue is considered to be greatly controversial which is obvious with regards to its grave breach of human rights. Custody also provides great space for existence of judicial errors due to requirement of immediacy decision and contradictory interests of accused person and investigation authority. The topic of diploma thesis is divided into 4 chapters. The first chapter comprises development of criminal procedural law and related development of custody. This chapter provides general summary of the development of custody and it should introduce custody from the perspective of excursion into history of custody. The chapter also appoints to the most important phases of development of custody instrument. Following chapter contains facts about material custody law de lege lata. For first there is interpreted the term of custody instruments and assumptions for its application. This chapter also deal with the most important principles of custody and reasons of custody and its application. The end of this chapter focus on strengthened custody and...
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Material Custody and Compensation for Custody
Bunganič, Jan ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
Die Kurzfassung Diese Arbeit stellt einen Exkurs ins strafverfahrenlichen Institut der Untersuchungshaft vor. Sie widmet sich vor allem den Voraussetzungen und den Gründen für die Möglichkeit der Haftverfolgung. In der wissenschaftlichen Literatur wird diese Problematik oft wie sog. das materielle Untersuchungshaftrecht genannt. Dieses Thema wählte ich vornehmlich für die Kontroverse der Untersuchungshaft, weil sie mit den vielen menschlichen Grundrechten kollidiert. Die Arbeit wird in sieben Kapitel gegliedert. In den ersten Kapiteln werden die Gründe der Regelung, die theoretischen Definitionen und vor allem die Maximen, darauf dieses Institut aufgebaut wird, angeführt. Die Maximen sind sehr wichtig vor allem für die Anwendung in der Praxis. Die Untersuchungshaft stellt nämlich ein von den schwersten Eingriffen im Freiheitsrecht vor, deshalb werden hier auch die Forderungen der Urkunde der Menschenrechte und der Freiheiten, der Europäische Menschenrechtskonvention und des Europäischen Gerichtshofs für Menschenrechte angedeutet. In dem dritten und zweiten Kapitel folgt die Aufzählung der nötigen Voraussetzungen für die Untersuchungshaftentscheidung. Schrittweise wird die Notwendigkeit der Beschuldigung, des dringenden Verdacht von der Straftatbegehung oder die Unterlagen für Gerichtsentscheidung...
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The current system in alternative foster care for vulnerable children
Semerádová, Lucie ; Válková, Monika (advisor) ; Krahulcová, Beáta (referee)
My dissertation work deals with substitute foster care. It's mainly focused on summary of changes in law in the current systém and their contribution to practice. The main goal was to map out the area of substitute foster care from the very first references of foundlings of Bohemia and Moravia. The theoretical part is divided into four chapters that include history, reason of changes from the UN to the amendment of laws and their implementation. Further I describe all forms of substitute foster care in Czech republic including financing and education of foster parents. The last chapter of theoretical part I focused on the substitute foster care system in the UK which is the model for a similar system in the Czech republic. The practical part is dedicated to qualitative research that tries by using the semi-structured interviews to find out how the mentioned changes work in praxis and how they affect the work of social workers and foster parents. The praxis shows that the amendment helps the healthy development of the child however the praxis lacks a coherent tools of social work to its proper fulfillment and functionality.
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