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Attending physicians awareness of the possibilities of orthotic - protectic treatment of diabetic foot syndrome
Potěšil, Jan ; Černý, Pavel (advisor) ; Pavlů, Dagmar (referee)
Title: Attending physicians' awareness of the possibilities of orthotic-prosthetic treatment of diabetic foot syndrome Objectives: Objective of the thesis was to find out the current level of knowledge about orthotic-prosthetic therapy of diabetic foot syndrome among doctors, their attitude, and common practice in this field. Methods: The research was based on KAP (knowledge, attitude and practice) type of descriptive study. Questionnaire survey was used to collect data. It was necessary to create a new questionnaire in accordance with WHO guidelines. It was anonymous and shared through electronic form. The survey lasted two months and it was completed by 79 specialists in various fields of medicine. Eleven of them had to be excluded from the research. Data analysis was made in Microsoft Excel 365. Results: Diabetic foot syndrome is a serious complication of diabetes, which threatens more and more people every year. According to the results of the study, doctors are aware of that and understand the importance of orthotic-prosthetic therapy in management of the syndrome. On the other hand, they think this kind of therapy is underused. Their knowledge in this field is average, especially about orthosis use. The good news is that they want to learn more about this kind of therapy. Doctors don't use...
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Education of Patients Newly Diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus type 2
Herentinová, Marie ; Kordulová, Pavla (advisor) ; Bohuslavová, Monika (referee)
An Introduction to the Topic and Why it is Significant: The numbers of patients with second type of diabetes mellitus is every year increasing. Whether is genetic predisposition for this kind of disease important, for increasing trend is provably crucial unhealthy life style. Imbalanced nutrition with domination of carbohydrates, absence of regular movement and finally gaining weight are the main factors. Diabetes is potentially very serious disease, in case is not properly treated, can caused serious results even rising of disability, for example kidney malfunction and than dialysis dependency, limb amputation or blindness. The treatment of this disease is based on non-pharmacological procurement as nutrition precautions and increasing of sport activities but also pharmacological treatment. Very important part of treatment is consistent, repetitive and effective education (Karen & Svačina, 2020). Methodology: For the elaboration of the bachelor's thesis, I chose a case study of a patient who was diagnosed with type 2 DM. Educational procedures are presented in a specific case. The aim of the work: Conducting basic education at the beginning of diagnosis. Implementation of a comprehensive education, which already deepens the acquired knowledge and skills from the basic. And the implementation of...
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Nutrition in pregnancy with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Dolejšová, Lenka ; Flekač, Milan (advisor) ; Polák, Jan (referee)
Pregnancy is a very important period in every woman's life, especially for women with type 1 diabetes mellitus. It brings many changes that affect the level of blood glucose, whose stabilization is the main point of a successful pregnancy. Glycemic stabilization should ideally occur at least three months before conception. Its achievement is mainly due to a properly composed diet, which also has an irreplaceable influence on healthy fetal development. Insufficiently compensated diabetes may be associated with complications for both the baby and the mother. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to summarize available information and find out the knowledge of women with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the topics of nutrition and diabetes compensation during pregnancy. Thereafter to compare the found knowledge of women with the recommendations and depending on the relationship of the respondents to pregnancy, ie whether they were pregnant, do or do not plan pregnancy. The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes the basic facts about relation of diabetes to pregnancy - recommendation for treatment in the period before conception and during pregnancy and related complications for mother and child. It also provides an overview of essential nutrients and micronutrients affecting maternal and fetal health. In...
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The Reality of Diabetic Senior Citizen's Compliance to the Prescribed Diet
ZAVADILOVÁ, Miroslava
This thesis deals with the issue of diabetes mellitus in people of old age and the dietary treatment suggestions. The objective of the thesis is to discover whether there is a noticeable difference between keeping the necessary diet in senior citizens living in a retirement home as opposed to at home, more specifically in senior citizens diagnosed with type II diabetes who despite the advice from health care professionals (doctors, nurses) underestimate the risk of possible complications. The theoretical part deals with a short characteristics of aging and old age and describes terms and definitions of diabetes mellitus, its categories, diagnosis, complications, and treatment. It summarizes dietary suggestions for people suffering from type II diabetes mellitus. The practical part will present the examined reality of keeping the necessary diet through qualitative research. The first part of the research comprises a week-long menu from each respondent and their calculations in the Nutriservis Professional program and subsequent evaluation. The intake of basic nutrients, proteins, fats and carbohydrates is tracked in each menu, along with overall energy intake and the amount of took in monosaccharides and disaccharides which are compared to calculated values of recommended amounts of nutrients according to The Harris Benedict Equation. The second part comprises of semi-structured interviews. The interview was made-up of 14 basic questions which were identical for all the respondents, and 2 additional questions which were targeted towards respondents living in retirement homes. The researched sample consisted of 12 respondents overall (6 living in a retirement home and 6 living at home). The research shows that keeping the eating habits is not determined by the environment in which the respondents live. The results were more or less comparable and both groups had more or less diligent respondents.
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The nursing care of patients with brain injurines
ZIMOVÁ, Eva
A brain injury generally belongs to the most frequent injuries. A patient with a brain injury is mostly hospitalized in a healthcare facility, where he/she should be provided with the complex medical care. As a nurse has an important and irreplaceable role in the care, she usually assists a patient at the admission, participates in the treatment, she is present at all complications that arise or at patient's recovery and release, she should have sufficient knowledge and know the rigours of such care. The goal of this thesis was to find out the specifics of the nursing care of patients with brain injuries and to ascertain the knowledge of the possible complications that might arise in patients with brain injuries, among general nurses. Research questions were set: What is the level of the knowledge of nursing care of patients with brain injuries among general nurses? What are the most frequently occurring complications in patients with brain injuries? What are the specifics of the nursing care of patients with brain injuries? How do nurses respond to complications that might arise in patients with brain injuries? Quantitative research carried out in the form of semi-structured interviews and participant observation were chosen for the elaboration of the empiric part. We can conclude on the basis of this work that nurses have good knowledge of the care of patients with brain injuries and its specifics. Nurses from traumatology departments however pay higher attention to a patient at the admission, a patient is disappearing from the answers given by nurses from anaesthesia departments, they more likely speak about examinations and operations. Nurses are also able to reveal complications and deal with them. However, nurses from anaesthesia departments are more capable of referring to this kind of injury and the related complications than those from traumatology. This is why I consider important to offer nurses further education in this issue, which they seem to miss according to results of the interviews. The results of this bachelor thesis can be presented at seminars at anaesthesiology and traumatology departments.
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Abortion and its consequences
ROZMILEROVÁ, Martina
The topic of the thesis is abortion and its aftermath. Abortion and its problematics is an actual and very discussed topic. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part of the thesis there is description of abortion, its methods which are broken down by the length of pregnancy of women and complications, which can originate from the artificial abortion. In the theoretical part there also is the description of historical development of abortion from the antiquity to the 21. century. At the end of the thesis there is a chapter about ethics connected with abortion. There were two objectives of the practical part. The first one was to find out stance that women take on abortion and its aftermath. The second one was to describe stances midwives take on abortion. Scientific qualitative research was done using semi-structured individual interviews. Gynecologists, questioned midwives and women were all acquainted with the topic of the thesis, scientific objectives and questions. Agreements of cooperation were signed to ensure involved people about their anonymity. The interviews were conducted in April and May in 2017 in the homes of the respondents. There were fifteen open questions prepared. The first 4 questions were for finding out the basic identification data of the women, and the following eleven questions were about the abortions, its complications and aftermath. The interviews with midwives were conducted from April to June 2017, in the chosen gynecological ambulances in the area South Bohemian region. For this interview there were 13 open questions about abortion and complications connected with it. These interviews were rewritten to a written form and analyzed using the method of thematic content. Main and submain categories were also specified using the analyzed data. The data from the interviews with the women were divided into three main categories which were expanded by seven subcategories. The data from the interviews with the midwives were divided into four main categories which were completed by nice subcategories. The results of the scientific investigation show that majority of questioned women takes negative stance on abortion. Five out of eight questioned women think that abortion is important part of lives of women and also a choice every woman can make without the need to explain or defend herself. Only three respondents took a negative stance on abortion. Two women said their stance is strongly influenced by their Christian belief. Only one woman said that her negative stance on abortion is because of her own conviction. Similar to the opinion of the women midwives take neutral stance on abortion. Only one out of five questioned midwives took a negative stance on abortion, but she also said that she doesn't let her opinion influence her work and professional approach to woman and her understanding of her decision. The results of this investigation can be used as a source of information for midwives in terms of educating women about interruption and its aftermath. This thesis is also suitable as a source of information about this problematic to women.
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The possibilities of education in the prevention of incontinence after prostate surgery
ČEŠKOVÁ, Jana
The goal of the work is to ensure a safe feeling for the patient in preoperative preparation so that it can cooperate more actively in the prevention of incontinence in the postoperative period. Another goal of the work is to create an educational material intended for patients with planned prostate surgery. The research was carried out by a qualitative method using questioning in the form of interviews. One group of patients was educated according to the custom of the department and the other group was edited using a brochure. When searching for the respondents, patients were approached by the patients of the Písek hospital. Data analysis was carried out by the hand-coded method, also referred to as the paper and pencil method. The results can be divided into four areas according to which research question they apply. The first part of the results provided information that if the patient is subjectively well informed, we will ensure active co-operation in the prevention of incontinence in the postoperative period. In the second question, we investigated whether the lack of information has an impact on the feeling of safety and security. This has also been confirmed. The third area gave the answer to whether the patient is satisfied if he feels time pressure during reception. The majority of men were unsatisfied with the time pressure. The fourth area assessed the suitability of education through a brochure and according to the practice of the department in the success of the preventive measure of postoperative incontinence. The men who used the brochure were aware of the possible complication and its prevention. The work provides a comprehensive view of the issue of education in prevention of incontinence after prostate surgery. The output of this work is an information brochure for patients of the urological ambulance. Results of the research are used to improve the educational process in patients coming for surgery of the prostate.
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The nurse's role in patient care elimination methods
Ondrůšková, Monika ; Marková, Eva (advisor) ; Landerová, Jana (referee) ; Maňasová, Taťána (referee)
The aim of thesis was to map the care of nurses and paramedics for patients on continuous renal replecemant therapy. Find out what nurses/paramedics have difficulty taking care of the patients and what would have welcomed into practice to improve care. The theoretical part focuses on the description of the method of elimination, nursing care and competence of health professionals in the care of patients on elimination method. The research was compiled by the method of quantitative research, for whose realization was used a questionnaire. The questionnaire was intended for nurses and paramedics caring for patients on continuous elimination method. For statistical data processing was used responses from 105 respondents working in the Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. The results of the survey indicate that nurses and paramedic extensively involved in the specialized care of patient with continuous elimination method. Medical staff perceived as the most difficult managing a large number of skills associated with the preparation and handling of elimination device in this area. On the basis of these findings was prepared brochure focusing on continuous elimination method, which is the output of this work. Key words: nurse, continuous renal replecemat threrapy, hemodialysis, intensive...
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Treatment of Peripheral Venous Input
Černohorská, Jitka ; Hošťálková, Monika (advisor) ; Ulrych, Ondřej (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the treatment of peripheral venous catheters. The theoretical part is devoted to basic terms such as nursing care, peripheral venous catheter and complications associated with it. A lot of attention in this thesis is focused on nursing care prior to, during and after the application of the catheter. Furthermore, the thesis introduces us to complications of catheter sepsis resulting from nosocomial infections. In the practical part the quantitative method was used in the form of anonymous questionnaires and hidden observations. The survey was conducted at the Military University Hospital Prague at different intensive care units. The obtained results show that 50,00 % of the respondents use non-woven fabric for re-bandaging the peripheral venous catheter and 50,00 % of the respondents use a foil. Furthermore, it was found that 88,10 % of the respondents use gloves by the application of peripheral venous catheter and 82,14 % by re-bandaging.
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