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The Development of Total Fertility Rate in the Czech Republic since the Second World War
Nosálová, Nikola ; Šimpach, Ondřej (advisor) ; Šimková, Martina (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the development of total fertility rate in the Czech Republic since the Second World War till present, since some remarkable changes took place during the period. The thesis consists of two parts. The first part is concerned with family and its functions, which have been altering in a significant way, but also with family policy and such factors which appear influential in the young people's decision-making about whether to have their own baby or not. In the second part of the thesis the author analyzes birth and fertility rate development based on the Eurostat and CZSO statistical data. Also the future prospect of birth and fertility rate is dealt with for the aging population is a widely discussed topic of utmost importance. The goal of the thesis is to summarize the findings from the time series analysis of birth and fertility rate, to discover which factors are significant for the number of newborn babies and to try to predict the birth and fertility rate development in the early future.
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Influence of state social policy on fertility rates
Filikarová, Zuzana ; Šimková, Martina (advisor) ; Fučíková, Simona (referee)
The aim of my bachelor's thesis is to provide an overview of a birth rate development in the European countries - in the Czech Republic, France and Sweden in a period of 20 years (1990 - 2010). The work includes individual characteristics of the state social policy of the population, history of the birth rates and a demographic projection for a future. The thesis is an attempt to outline the potential improvement of social policy with a focus on a family policy, so that the population drop of the Czech republic's citizens might be avoided in the future. Furthermore, the development of countries family policies where the birth rate is on a desired level and from which the Czech Republic could draw the inspiration is described. The conclusion of the thesis contains several suggestions how the family policy could develop in the future.
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Has Marriage and Birth Rates an Increasing Trend During the Economic Crisis?
Feurich, Marek ; Chytilová, Helena (advisor) ; Slaný, Martin (referee)
The economic crisis affects human decision-making through income and substitution effect. The aim of this work is to prove the assumption that the substitution effect operates in the Czech Republic with a higher intensity than the income effect. In other words that economic crisis has positive impact on marriage and birth rates. To test for the relationship among variables, regression analysis is performed on quarterly time series between the years 1993-2012. Two separate models for marriage and natality are assembled. Although the development of the minimum wage and the size of the gross domestic product shows positive effects on marriage and fertility rates, results demonstrate that negative effects of rising unemployment and declining interest rates operates with greater intensity. Against original assumptions is the overall impact of the economic crisis on the marriage and the birth rate proved to be negative in the observed period in Czech Republic.
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The Economic Crisis of Newborns
Matějček, Štěpán ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Koubek, Ivo (referee)
The thesis examines the determinants of decision making of child conception. The estimation of fixed effect model of panel data from 14 districts of the Czech Republic shows pro-cyclical development of the count of born children. According to the model, in the economic recession the demand for children declines, because the decision making is influenced by uncertainty that emerges from the labor market instability. The results are in consent with contemporary scientific literature which have shown the pro-cyclical development of fertility in developed countries since the 1980s. The model's dependent variable is the modified birth rate which allows to examine the impact of change in unemployment and other control variables on the decision making of child conception. The empirical results show that economic insecurity in the shape of unemployment have a significant negative impact on birth rate. Apart from the main outcome the paper presents other interesting results, the impact of changes in economic and demographic variables on the modified birth rate of boys and girls, marital status and education of mother and father.
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Impact of chosen state social support benefits on birth rate in the Czech Republic after 2000
Brossová, Denisa ; Prachař, Ondřej (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
This thesis focuses on the impact of chosen state social support benefits on birth rate in the Czech Republic after 2000. It aims to analyse development of governmental expenditures on social support benefits and to find mutual influence. The thesis describes development of social support benefits in detail, development of governmental expenditures and development of birth rate in the Czech Republic. The task was solved using numerical comparison and liner regression. The outcome of this research is that there might be correlation and also that social support benefits and birth rate declines in the second half of the period under review. Based on the correlation found, it is possible to assume, that these factors might affect each other. The conclusion indicates, which way a future research might continue.
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Elderly people as a target group of government policies in the Czech Republic
SOBOTKOVÁ, Hana
The aim of the paper is to analyze changes in the attitude of governments and major political actors towards seniors as a specific social group; their interests, quality of life, and projected dignity. The paper describes political ideologies, retirement systems, and pension plans. It aims to capture the perceptions of the life needs and human dignity of seniors that underscore major decisions, and to explain how these perceptions have changed in the past decade. How sensivitity to basic ethical principles has evolved and how these principles have been permeated by purpose-rational expectations (political influence, economic prosperity). The paper tries to describe the prospects of applying ethical principles in current political practice in relation to seniors and to addressing their needs.
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Fertility and uncertainty
Lupač, Milan ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Matějka, Marek (referee)
This paper focuses on effects of economic uncertainty on decision making about childbearing. We had used a regression analysis of unbalanced panel dataset of 27 european countries with maximal lenght of time series of 52 years to determine relationship between fertility and uncertainty. Proxy variables like real GDP per capita, unemployment and their volatilities were used to measure the rate of uncertainty. Volatilities were created by using GARCH and EGARCH models. There was found that real per capita GDP is positively related to fertility and unemployment is related negatively. On the other hand the relationship between volatilities of real per capita GDP and unemployment are positively related to the fertility, but only till the moment when the volatility reaches turning point. Thereafter this relationship turns into negative. Positive relationship on fertility was also found for infant mortality, marriage rate and female labor participation rate. Negative relationship on fertility was found for divorce rate and old dependency ratio.
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The family in the early 21st century in regions and districts of the Czech Republic
Dobrá, Simona ; Kouřilová, Jana (advisor) ; Prudká, Šárka (referee)
The thesis is focused on family in the early 21st century in the Czech Republic. The basic objective is to analyze important differences in for-family behaviour (in terms of traditional families) based on selected demographic indicators in regions and districts of the Czech Republic. The theoretical part describes basic concepts related to family, its functions and changes of the family. Czech families are studied mainly on evidence of selected statistical data published by the Czech Statistical Office. To determine the regional disparities, in approach to the concept of family at the district level, the synthetic indicator T has been designed. In the final part, the economic and social conditions (unemployment, education, etc.) affecting the people's approaches to the concept of family are examined within districts.
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Construction of a new insurance product - Insurance for the future parents
SMUTNÁ, Marta
The aim of this thesis is to create a new insurance product ?Insurance for the future parents? and its application on the target group. The first chapters deal with the theory of insurance business, insurance and actuarial mathematics. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the theory of fertility and birth rate, with their indicators and with the factors influencing these demographic indicators. The next section focuses on the financial phase of life, especially on the personal finance and the importance of insurance. The following chapters analyze the fertility and birth rate, depending on the affecting factors mentioned above, and other data needed for the product construction, specifically the analysis of insurance products in the insurance market of Czech Republic and abroad. The next one is describes the new financial product developing methodology, which was used for creating the specific financial product this thesis is about. The last thesis chapter focuses on the complex proposal of the whole insurance product which has been set accordingly to previous analyses and theoretical information.
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