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Use of mosses for bioindication of atmospheric deposition
Ullmannová, Adéla ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Vindušková, Olga (referee)
Atmospheric deposition of pollutants is a significant environmental problem that can have serious impacts on ecosystems and human health. Therefore, monitoring this process is essential to assess its impacts and develop effective mitigation strategies. This bachelor's thesis is a literature review that examines the use of mosses as bioindicators of atmospheric deposition. Mosses are sensitive to environmental changes and can accumulate pollutants from the atmosphere, making them valuable bioindicators. The thesis summarizes the different types of pollutants that can be deposited in the atmosphere and the methods used to collect and analyze moss samples. It also discusses factors that influence the response of mosses to atmospheric deposition, such as species differences, geographical location, and environmental conditions. Moreover, the advantages and limitations of using mosses as bioindicators are considered. Further research is needed to improve the understanding of the relationship between mosses and atmospheric deposition and to design a unified protocol that standardizes methods and increases their effectiveness for international monitoring of environmental pollution. The work highlights the importance of monitoring atmospheric deposition and provides valuable insights into the potential of...
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Hair as a bioindicator of contamination of risk metals
Zmijová, Marie ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
The use of hair as a bioindicator of environmental contamination by risk elements is becoming more and more common. This bachelor thesis deals with the use of this matrix for analysis using the voltammetric method. It focuses on the optimization of the method for determining the concentration of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc in real hair samples and monitors the effects on the incorporation of these elements into the hair fiber. The presence of zinc and copper was confirmed in all samples analyzed. Cadmium could only be quantified in one sample. The effect of gender and age on the concentration of elements has not been demonstrated. Concentration of lead has been linked to smoking, with higher concentrations found in smoker’s hair than in non-smoker’s.
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Výskyt a druhové zastoupení řádu brouci (Coleoptera) na Mohelenské hadcové stepi
Polášková, Alexandra
The diploma thesis is focused on the assessment of the difference in the occurrence of invertebrates in the monitored locality in the Czech Republic and on the evaluation of anthropogenic and environmental influences on the invertebrates. In the introduction, the characteristics of the order of the beetles, most important representatives of the studied area and anthropogenic impacts on the biodiversity of the beetles are described. The monitored territory was Mohelenská hadcová step, which is located in the Vysočina Region. The collection of beetles took place at five sites during the vegetative season in 2016 and 2017. The beetles were determined and evaluated on the basis of individual localities and ecological indices. The results were compared with our and foreign literature. At the end of the thesis are given the context and the possible effects on the occurrence of invertebrates.
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Ecological biomonitoring of peatlands - the NCV index, acidification and eutrophication
Henková Mauleová, Lucie ; Neustupa, Jiří (advisor) ; Šťastný, Jan (referee)
Biomonitoring is a method of ecosystem properties determination based on its biological properties, especially composition of the biota. Based on various aquatic-oriented biomonitoring systems, it is possible to quantify, for example, water purity or trophic index for water management purposes or to characterize the ecological status of the ecosystem for scientific and conservation purposes. While water quality-oriented biomonitoring systems are widespread and routinely used, ecology state-oriented (quantifying qualities like succession stage or stability) are less exploited and their wider use in the future could help understanding and management of some aquatic ecosystems. One of the ecology-oriented biomonitoring systems is NCV index (natural conservation value index) oriented to wetlands which it evaluates through their desmid biota, measuring species diversity, rarity of represented species and ecosystem maturity for which they are typical, and rarity of represented species NCV index aims to describe the value of the ecosystem in terms of its replicability.
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Floristicko-ekologický průzkum rozsivek Úslavy
HRUBÝ, František
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of diatom based indices. The thesis describes the principles of 25 indices using diatoms to assess water quality. Seventeen of these indices were used to evaluate my own data originating from ten sampling points in the lower stream of the river Úslava. Periphyton communities of diatoms were collected in the autumn of 2015 and in the spring and summer of 2016. The diatom samples were used to create permanent slides, in which 400 valves were determined and counted. Using the Omnidia program, the indices were calculated for each sample. According to my results and information from literature appropriate and inappropriate indices for future use were chosen.
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Druhová diverzita a populační hustota zástupců čeledi střevlíkovití (Carabidae, Coleoptera) v chráněné krajinné oblasti Bílé Karpaty
Velecký, Vlastimil
A research, which was focused on a faunistic exploration of Carabidae, took place in the Protected landscape area of Bílé Karpaty (White Carpathians) in 2015. This research was conducted with ground traps. The ground traps were located in the forest biotope, more accurately in the border the forest and a meadow and on the dry and wet meadow. 652 individuals collectedduring 210 days lasting research were classified into 35 species. The most frequent species were those, which prefer shaded and moist habitats such as Carabus coriaceus, Poecilus cupreus and Carabus violaceus. For each biotope was calculated the dominance, the diversity index, the equitability and was determined species similarity. This basis continued by the assessment of actual managemant area. This creates that the actual managemant does not affect negative changes on the current status of the habitat.
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Impacts of anthropogenic pollution of cadmium on the environment
Sedláková, Michaela ; Francová, Anna (advisor) ; Hudcová, Barbora (referee)
The goal of this work is to describe how cadmium behaves in our environment and how much the environment is polluted by it. To illustrate this issue we used primarily specialized literature, articles and the annual reports of institutions investigating environmental pollution. On the basis of the information ascertained it is possible to pronounce that the pollution caused by cadmium has decreased in Europe in the last few years, but still there exist contaminated areas on which it is necessary to focus and find effective methods to remove the pollution. Otherwise the research should concentrate on contamination of the soil by sediments from sewage treatment plants and by phosphate fertilizers which are not only the source of cadmium, but also the source of other heavy metals.
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