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Changes in stand and walking parameters in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Lukešová, Kateřina ; Opálková, Michaela (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
This thesis is devoted to changes in selected gait and stance parameters in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. In the introduction of this work, anatomy and biomechanics of the knee joint are described. Then the thesis deals with the anterior cruciate ligament injury issues, treatment options and associated risks. Last but not least, the possible influence of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on sensorimotor and neuromuscular control of human movement and posture is discussed. In the second, experimental part of the work, the objectives of the work and hypotheses are set, then the measurement methodology and results are described. At the end of the work is a discussion, in which the results of this research are compared with current studies. The measurements took place at the Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine at the Motol University Hospital using the Zebris FDM-T System. A total of 36 probands took part in the measurement, 18 of them underwent anterior cruciate ligament plastic surgery on one lower limb and another 18 represented a control group without any injury or surgery on the lower limbs. The results did not show any statistically significant differences in selected parameters of standing and walking between the experimental and control groups,...
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Objectivization of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization effect on foot supporting function using Senno Gait device
Hejdová, Tereza ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor) ; Davídek, Pavel (referee)
The thesis evaluates the immediate effect of one therapeutic unit that using Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) on the foot support function. The aim of the experiment was to verify effect of a single DNS therapeutic unit would to the determined parameters. The main expected effect was the optimization of the dynamic function of the foot and achieving better stability during the stance phase of a gait cycle. Methods: For the study, the asymptomatic group of 30 probands aged 24-36 years, 10 men and 20 women was selected. Fifteen probands were randomly divided to two groups - fifteen experimental group and fifteen to the control group. Subjects enrolled in the experimental group were measured before and after one forty minute therapeutic unit of DNS concept. The control group underwent two measurements at the same time interval, but without the therapeutic unit. The Senno Gait instrument was used for measuring. It contains insoles with motion sensors. It collects the data at a 100 Hz sampling rate for 1 minute while walking at its own normal speed. Results: Compared to initial examination, the significant shortening of the standing phase in the left lower limb (p = 0.003) and in the right lower limb (p = 0.034) was observed. The gait rate was unchanged after the DNS therapy in the...
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Kinesiological changes of feet by wearing barefoot
Vondrášková, Anna ; Tolar, Jan (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the possible influence of barefoot shoes on kinesiology and kinetic parameters of gait. In the theoretical part there is a brief description of anatomy of the human foot, foot arch and movements. The kinesiology of gait is also described here. The theoretical part also deals with the problem of walking in barefoot shoes and explaining the basic parameters of barefoot shoes. Finally, the results of studies already underway on this issue are summarized. In the practical part we have devoted our research to the selected gait parameters that can be influenced by the wearing of barefoot shoes. The measurements were carried out on two groups of subjects, each with 6 tested persons, one of whom wore barefoot shoes instead of normal shoes, and the other subject did not wear barefoot shoes. The data was measured on the Zebris FDM by walking analysis. The results were then compared between the two subject groups. These gait parameters were measured and evaluated: step length, maximum pressure on the variant parts of foot during walking, and contact time of each part of foot with the surface. The resulting values showed a trend mainly in the load of the foot, in the sense of higher pressure mainly on the area of the middlefoot. Also, the contact time with the surface showed...
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Changes motor functions in mouse model of cerebellar degeneration in the course of the ontogenesis
Šalomová, Martina ; Jelínková, Dana (advisor) ; Kubik-Zahorodna, Agnieszka (referee)
The cerebellum affects a number of important and complex processes in the organism. It ensures coordination, motor learning and plays an important role in cognitive and affective functions. In the case of cerebellar degeneration, we find not only the movement disorders but also behavioral abnormalities, collectively referred to as cognitive-affective syndrome. The aim of this work was to investigate motor functions during ontogenesis in animal models of hereditary cerebellar degeneration - mutant mice Lurcher and Purkinje cell degeneration using the device for quantitative gait analysis and rotarod. In addition, the effect of physical activity on the extent of ataxia and manifestations in classical behavioral tests was monitored. The results confirmed significant differences in motor skills between mutant and healthy mice; differences were also observed in some gait parameters, especially in walking speed and parameters that correlate with it. The motor functions of most groups of mice did not change during ontogenesis, pcd mice deteriorated their performance on the rotarod. The effect of physical activity was not found, with the exception of Forced swimming test. Physical activity of set intensity did not have any beneficial effect on the motoric manifestations of the mice.
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The evaluating of the change of walking quality in dancers in comparison with the normal population
Korošová, Kateřina ; Vilímek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Goldmann, Tomáš (referee)
Thesis name: The evaluating of the change of walking quality in dancers in comparison with the normal population Thesis goal: This thesis deals with effect of long-term ballet dance on kinematic parameters of gait. The theoretical part includes basic characteristics of gait cycle and kinesiological and biomechanical findings of ballet movement and its compensatory mechanisms in musculoskeletal system. There is analyzed angular parameters of gait cycle in ballet dancers in performance of walking in the experimental part. The results will show if the many-years intensive training of dance affects the alignment of particular joints of the body during human walk. Method: Kinematic analysis by Qualisys system allowing automatic processing of record obtained with infrared cameras. Qualisys uses its own high-frequency cameras for precise movement tracking of the measured object using active or passive markers. Gathered data from device were processed and statictically evaluated with Microsoft Office Excel. Keywords: gait, bipedal locomotion, dance, gait analysis, gait of dancers, ballet, kinematics analysis
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The effect of gait training with a prosthesis on stability and parameters in patients with thigh amputation
Tučková, Tereza ; Smékal, David (advisor) ; Kálal, Jan (referee)
Diploma thesis "Effect of gait school with prosthesis on stability and walking parameters of patients after transfemoral amputation deals with problems of patients after transfemoral amputation due to vascular etiology. It mentions elementary knowledge of rehabilitation after amputation of lower extremity. Furthermore, there are described main complications that amputation brings into the patient ́s life: pain associated with amputation, skin complications and psychological hardships. Emphasis is laid on gait and gait practice for patients with amputation. I further deal with deviations commonly observed on gait of these patients and with factors influencing the gait, including the influence of particular parts of the prosthesis on patients ́ gait. The practical part is dedicated to comparison of two different approaches to gait practice. The effect of these approaches is evaluated on the basis of results of two groups of patients. The results were gathered by examination on force plate, measurement of gait velocity, examination of gait cadence and evaluation of patients ́s gait videos. Furthermore, I use functional tests: LCI - 5, ABIS - R, ABC scale and PEQ. All of these examinations were performed at the beginning and in the end of patients ́ stay at the Clinic of rehabilitation in Hradec Králové. The...
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Estimating Human Movement Using Accelerometers
Matula, Tomáš ; Růžička, Richard (referee) ; Dobai, Roland (advisor)
Tato práce je zaměřena na analýzu lidského pohybu, zejména měření úhlu kolena, co je důležité především při procesu rehabilitace u pacientů s protézy kolenního kloubu nebo po operaci. Pro měření IMU - inerciální měřící jednotky od firmy Xsens jsou použité, přičemž pouze data z 3-osého akcelerometru a gyroskopu jsou zahrnuty. Vhodné umístění jednotek je vybráno, jakož i metody pro kalibraci a následný výpočet úhlu ze zaznamenaných dat. Tyhle metody jsou implementovány a experimentálně ověřeny. Experimenty ukazují, že výsledky jsou docela přesné, a toto řešení je použitelné při analýze pacientů například provedením monitorování chůze.
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Lower limb prosthetics FEM analysis
Omasta, Milan ; Náhlík, Luboš (referee) ; Paloušek, David (advisor)
This masters´s thesis deals with computational modeling of transtibial lower-limb prosthesis. For assesment of loading character and geometrical configuration, the gait analysis of an amputee, including ground reaction force measurement, strain gauge analysis and motion analysis, was accomplished. Information on geometry was obtained using 3D optical scanning procedure. Material model was gathered using non-destructive mechanical testing and mimicked in a FEA software. For loading conditions the static structure analysys using FEM was accomplished. The critical poins in construction was found. Recognition of agreement about experimental and computational model was accomplished.
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Design of lower-limb prostheses
Koutecký, Tomáš ; Ždímal, Pavel (referee) ; Paloušek, David (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor's thesis is to give an overview of the current state of lower limb prostheses after amputation between the hip and the knee. It deals with the human gait, its analysis and with deviations in gait with the prosthesis. It also describes basic division of lower limb prostheses. The main part is the description of these prostheses designs and especially the design of main components and general overview of available types.
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