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Pollens of Selected Alergenic Plants and Their Didactic Use in Teaching Biology at High Schools
Pýchová, Adéla ; Skýbová, Jana (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
7 Abstract The thesis is focused on the pollen of selected allergenic plants. Thesis is structured into two parts., pollination and fertilization , development of the pollen grain , its structure and chemical composition. The end of the theoretical part, dedicated to allergies, is divided into subsections dealing with First, teoretical part describes the flower and its morphology, discusses the pollen grain, stamen anatomical structure immunity and allergies, naming and registration of allergens and cross- pollen allergy . The practical part contains an analysis of curriculum for students of secondary schools. An integral part of the work is a survey of teachers in secondary schools, in which method of questioning was used. The aim of this questioning was to determine the presence of solved issue in terms of representation of pollen and pollen allergens in textbooks for secondary schools , as well as the inclusion of this issue in the official curriculum, under the National Programme for the Development of Education in the Czech Republic. Based on the results of a questionnaire survey of secondary school teachers, teaching materials have been developed in the form of two worksheets for teaching botany and guidance on laboratory exercises in plant biology.
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Attractive planting of species of potentially expanding bee pastures for bees
ŠEBESTA, Tomáš
This diploma thesis entitled "Attractiveness of Planting Species with a Potential to Extend Bee Forage for Bees" discusses pollen and nectar plants planted in the Brník municipality in the Central Bohemian Region. The thesis consists of two parts. The theoretical part describes honeybees, bee plants and their pollen- and nectar production ability as well as bee forage from early spring until late autumn so as to reflect the needs of pollinators as best as possible. The practical part uses pollen analysis to microscopically analyse the representation of pollen grains of plants in the honey produced by local bee colonies. Pollen analyses of honey from own bee colonies are compared with that from bee colonies belonging to neighbouring beekeepers.
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Androgenesis
Kočová, Helena ; Honys, David (advisor) ; Kocábek, Tomáš (referee)
(anglicky) Androgenesis in the plant kingdom is an interesting phenomenon, in which a new individual is regenerated from male gametophyte. Having gametophytic, i.e. haploid number of chromosomes, these plants are potentially useful in research as well as for the generation of new genotypes. Duplication of their genetic information then results in fully homozygous plants, that can be used for breeding. At the same time, microspores represent a unique system for studying totipotency, cell proliferation, differentiation and embryogenesis. However, in many important crops as well as in some model species, such technology has not yet been efficiently managed. The aim of this thesis is to summarize the knowledge about androgenesis, from the historical context to the latest discoveries, including methods, development, complications and at the end also the possible use of obtained doubled haploid plants. Keywords: androgenesis, male gametophyte, microspore embryogenesis, pollen, totipotency, cell differentiation, stress, organogenesis, haploid
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Selected Meadow Pollinators and Their Didactical Use
Huňková, Helena ; Říhová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Hanel, Lubomír (referee)
This Master thesis is focused on selected pollinators of our meadows and their didactic integration into education. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. In theoretical part, there are defined two orders (Hymenoptera and Diptera), process of pollination, plants pollination strategies and pollen grain. Practical part is focused on research of dipterans (particularly on hoverflies) of which purpose was to find out which plants are most pollinated. Subsequent section deals with analysis of secondary school Biology textbooks in terms of representation of selected pollinators. Next section contains plan of practical exercise, which deals with whether honey contains pollen grains. In final section of practical part, a worksheet is presented, which verifies pupil's knowledge about pollinators. KEYWORDS Hymenoptera, Diptera, hoverfly research, pollinators, pollen, textbook analysis
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Characterization of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunits (eIF3) in A. thaliana male gametophyte
Linhart, Filip ; Hafidh, Said (advisor) ; Retzer, Katarzyna (referee)
From RNA-to-protein, translation initiation and protein synthesis is mediated by trans-acting factors that recognize mRNA features common to almost all eukaryotes. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex (eIF3) is a highly conserved protein complex that recognizes 5'-CAP elements of the mRNA to initiate translation. eIF3 consists of nine subunits, three of them having two isoforms: eIF3A, eIF2B1, eIF3B2, eIF3C1, eIF3C2, eIF3D, eIF3E, eIF3F, eIF3G1, eIF3G2, eIF3H and eIF3K. This work deals with functional characterization, expression and subcellular localization of eIF3B1, eIF3B2 and eIF3E in Arabidopsis thaliana male gametophyte and interaction of eIF3E with the Constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) complex as a regulatory complex of eIF3E post-translational control. Here we show that depletion of eif3b1 or eif3b2 is not gametophytic lethal and that the two protein might function redundantly, whereas, knockout of eIF3E causes male gametophyte lethality. Interestingly, eif3b1 show post-fertilization defects during embryogenesis, suggesting that its redundancy with eIF3B2 is restricted to the gametophyte. Gene expression studies revealed high expression of eIF3 subunits in actively dividing zones of leaf primordia, root meristem and root elongation zones as well as in the vegetative...
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Pollen charakterisation in size segregated aerosol
Kolpakova, Anna ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Zíková, Naděžda (referee)
This bachelor thesis, in literature review, deals with bioaerosol issue, describes meaning of pollen, ways of pollen spreading and its influence on human health, summarize methods of pollen sampling from the air and common ways of pollen grains identification. In the experimental part, the use of the first stage of a High Volumetric Cascade Impactor (Hi-Vol) BGI-900 for bioaerosol sampling and subsequent SEM analysis was proved. Method of pollen separation from the impaction substrate, polyurethane foam, into homogeneous deposit on Nylon filter was optimized. Representative portion of the deposit was analyzed by SEM. There were taken 485 SEM pictures from 12 samples in 3 localities in the ČR. Pollen grains were identified in 295 SEM and determined into 9 genus and 4 families and grain deformities were quantified to be 24, 18, 50% for Prague, Brezno and Láz localities. Number of pollen increased with total aerosol mass in Prague locality only. Thre aleo identified insect secrction products borochomomes in the samples. Key words: pollen, pollen grain, bioaerosol, cascade impactor, SEM.
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Relationship between pollen diversity and floristic diversity - utilization for study of the past
Koďousková, Lucie ; Kuneš, Petr (advisor) ; Prach, Jindřich (referee)
This thesis deals with the relationship between palynological diversity and floristic diversity. Diversity is complex quantity, which consists of a number of species, the number of individuals and relative frequency of species known as evenness. It characterizes the diversity at the species level, genetic level or within communities. Its relationship with palynological diversity is problematic, especially because of lack of taxonomic precision in palynology, species-specific differences in pollen production and dispersal and sample size, since the number of taxa increases with sample size. The thesis also focuses on the studies which tried to prove positive correlation between palynological and floristic diversity, including techniques used. The second part describes methodology of collecting vegetational and palynological data and the treatment of sampes.
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Evaluation of the attractiveness of individual plants and types of pollen for honey bees in depending on their action radius range in Mladá Boleslav area (Central Bohemia).
Kroupa, David ; Farkač, Jan (advisor) ; Vítězlav, Vítězlav (referee)
The aim of my bachelor thesis was to create a summary of pollen pasture of the European honey bee in the Mladá Boleslav area.
In theoretical part, I have put together basic information related to the European honey bee and pollen (bee colony, body structure, bee evolution, bee communication, pests and diseases, bee and plant relationship, harvesting and consumption of pollen, pollen load and bee products).
In the practical part, I have determined the pollen load's origin by analyzing pollen. This method was carried out with an illuminated binocular microscope. The plants are sorted into families. This data was then used in statistics, graphs and charts.
Altogether, It was collected 4 721 pollen loads between the years 2015 and 2016. I gathered 2 553 samples in 2015 and 2 168 samples in the following year. The biggest pollen pasture was offered by the Brassicaceae family in 2015 and by family Lamiaceae in 2016.
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Abundance of honeybee
Brandejsová, Jana ; Titěra, Dalibor (advisor) ; Marcela, Marcela (referee)
Determining place thesis Abundance of bee colonies in the country and the carrying capacity of the land register. Establishing a Connection in Úvaly near Prague with three beekeepers. For these three beekeepers were required to determine reserves of pollen with three visits in the period of May, June and July. Each measurement was carried out always at the three strongest hives. Proven reserves of pollen was performed using photographs of each honeycomb in the hive. After calculating reserves of pollen, to assess the value of honey to the surrounding plants. The conclusion was to determine whether a load for the site Úvaly near Prague is present or not enough bees and suggest possible solutions.
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