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Death and the burial rites in the Murasaki Shikibu's novel benji monogatari
Heldenburg, Olga ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Nymburská, Dita (referee) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The subject of this dissertation is funeral rites in the Murasaki Shikibu's novel, The Tale of Genji (Genji monogatari). The analysis of the text seeks to explore the author's depiction of the end of life, the afterlife, communication with spirits or souls of dead and to summarize the notes and descriptions of the proceedings of funeral rituals including 'before burial' and memorial ceremonies. The purpose of this dissertation is to create an overview of funeral rituals and ideas of death described in the text of Genji Monogatari. The Tale of Genji is considered a document which reflects contemporary thinking and can therefore be relied on for a study of funeral and memorial rituals. The main method used to develop the topic is a detailed analysis of theoretical, practical and aesthetic aspects of death described in the Genji Monogatari novel. The ideas of the Heian Court about death and the afterlife were mainly affecting the cult of ancestors, Shinto, Taoism, Buddhism and Shamanism, which also participated in the creation of the funeral cult. Ideas of the afterlife were also very diverse. The world of the living and the world of the dead, in the concept of old Japanese, were not strictly divided and spirits had access to all spheres of life. Communication with spirits of the living and the souls...
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Czech State Funerals
Preininger, Matouš ; Chlup, Radek (advisor) ; Pehal, Martin (referee)
This paper describes and compares funerals of three presidents, Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, Klement Gottwald and Václav Havel. They were all iconic characters of their time and their funerals reflect presidents'unique position. In the speeches of politicians and in the newspapers, the deceased presidents turned into supernatural beings, heroes, who gave their lives for their country. As a response to this "sacrifice", oaths of loyalty to their legacy were sworn and people committed to follow the path the presidents established. Theories of Maurice Bloch and Edmund Leach permit to show how the death of the head of the state, potentially destructive event, is transformed by the ritual and helps further strengthen the unity of society.
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The journey of Princess Eleonore of Schwarzenberg to Great Britain in 1838 and her son Walter Prosper
Bouška, Jan ; Županič, Jan (advisor) ; Horčička, Václav (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is the reconstruction of the 1838 journey of prince Johann Adolf II. of Schwarzenberg to Great Britain, as described by his wife, princess Eleonore née of Lichtenstein, who accompanied him. In the connection with the British journey of the couple, the thesis also deals with their son, prince Walter Prosper, conceived along the way to Britain. With regard to the premature death of prince Walter, the focus is primarily on his funeral ceremony and the connected rituals. To explore the chosen topic, a lot of archive material, that had not been processed before, was used. Based on said archives, a partial reconstruction of the journey was possible, from the point of view of Eleonore, who is a rather overlooked figure in historiography. Additionally, the funeral ritual of prince Walter is described and compared with common funerals of Schwarzenberg family. Key words: Schwarzenberg family, Eleonore of Schwarzenberg, journey, Great Britain, Johann Adolf II. of Schwarzenberg, Walter Prosper, death, funeral, burial, ritual, crypt
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The picture of Jan Palach in czech culture
Jáchimová, Veronika ; Bílek, Petr (advisor) ; Wiendl, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with cultural image of Jan Palach. It focuses especially on symbols and myths contributing to construction of this image. The main emphasis is given on the concept of sacrifice - the study analyzes comparisons of Jan Palach to archetypes of Jesus Christ and young martyrs. In the second part author analyzes national dimension of Palach's cultural image. She deals with comparison of Palach to Jan Hus and analyzes Palach's funeral as a part of tradition of Czech public funerals - quiet national demonstrations. The methodology of the study is discourse analysis, which is applied not only on texts (fiction and nonfiction), but also on photographic and film footage.
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Concept of death in Christianity and in Islam
Otrubová, Ludmila ; Červenková, Denisa (advisor) ; Bouma, David (referee)
The Concept of Death in Christianity and Islam The present bachelor's thesis investigates the approaches to the concept of death in Christian and Islam religions. For the purpose of this work, Roman-Catholic Church and Sunni faiths are compared. The thesis analyses views on death from cultural standpoints - the experience of terminal illness and dying within families and in institutions in this country as opposed to those with Islam faith prevailing, followed by the treatment of death in sacred books, the Bible and the Quran, in both the monotheistic traditions and respective religious authorities' interpretations of death. A substantial section is dedicated to burial rituals - the funeral mass in church with liturgy which are significant for the Christian tradition, and body preparation and the burial itself which are highly elaborate in the Islam tradition. An attempt is made at detecting and delimiting the main differences in burial practices. The work then introduces the various resting places of the dead, studying burial places, graves, tombs and other places of piety in the way they are decorated and the frequency at which they are visited (a matter of ongoing discussion in Islam). The work is concluded by a description of burial practices of Moslems living in the Czech Republic. Keywords...
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The Object for a Space with funeral Function
ŠILHAVÁ, Marie
The diploma thesis is divided into theoretical and practical section. The introductory theoretical part is a basic overview of current phenomenons and tendencies in the usage and the forms of the funeral objects and spaces with funeral function, in the field of funeral industry, mainly focused on the area of the Czech republic. It also reflects historical cultural and social circumstances as the sources of the current disposition. The thesis maps the relationship that living society has or had with their deceased in the rituals and the way of treating the dead bodies. It also reflects the variety of ways of honouring the deceased by the manners of treating the human remains. The analysis is then applied in the proces of seeking for an author's own form of expression of honouring one's memory through a design of a funeral object.
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Psychological and ethical aspects of the last things of man
KÜMMELOVÁ, Magda
The thesis deals with the very last issues of a person from the psychologically-ethical view, however it doesn't neglect the social view. With the topic is worked also in a context of selected current ethical systems, mainly deontologism and utilitarianism, also regarding the topic of the thesis, the topic of bioethics is discussed as well. Regarding the field of psychology, the thesis elaborates more in detail on the existential psychotherapy, actually also on the logotherapy, which was shaped by an Austrian psychologist Viktor E. Frankl. There is also included the problematics of burial, the possibilities of giving a last farewell, also in a religious and an ethnical point of view. The key part of the thesis deals mainly with a needed psychosocial care for the terminally ill, the dying and also their close ones, in the times of pre finem, in finem and post finem by the prospective death of adults, it deals also with the influence of this care on the experiencing of the final period of life of the dying, and the following grieving of the survivors. In the thesis is also shortly mentioned the topic of palliative and hospice care. The thesis also follows the evaluation of the influence of the last farewell on the process of the survivors' grieving. The inspiration for writing the thesis were apart from professional literature and other professional sources also to a bigger extent the many years of work experience of the author, thanks to which is the work supplemented with many own cases.
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The importance of funeral and celebrating the memory of the deceased in contemporary society
HROMÁDKOVÁ, Šárka
The aim of the thesis was to find out what meanings people assign to funeral rituals and customs related to the memory of deceased. The thesis is divided into four main chapters. In the first chapter I describe transitional and funeral rituals, and further the memory of deceased. The second chapter is focused on the changes of burying during history, I mention the burying process in the Czech folklore culture, and the changes of secular funeral rituals in the 20th century. In the third chapter I introduce new trends in burying, such as green funerals, memory forests, dispersion meadows. I also describe the types of funeral rituals nowadays, and road memorials that have had their origins in the 20th century. The conclusion of the thesis consists of a complementing research survey.
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