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Flowers and fruits of important plant species - materials for teaching at elementary schools
SLÁDKOVÁ, Eva
Sládková E.: Flowerage and fruits of significant plant species basics for teaching at primary school. Bachelor thesis, 2017 Bachelor thesis is aimed for knowledge of pupil of the 8th classes concerning flowerage and fruits, which pupils learned half year ago. Next part of this thesis is about approach of pupils to botany. Thesis includes evaluation of the test and guestionnaire. Next part of the thesis is also analysis of the properties of the four textbooks, which are most often used in the teaching of higher plants. The results are for the better clarity shown by column graph and doughnut chart. Leader of Bachelor thesis: RNDr. Božena Šerá, Ph.D. Department of biology PF JU, České Budějovice
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Land law and legal relations to cultivated plants
Prát, Eduard ; Šustek, Petr (advisor) ; Hendrychová, Michaela (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the land law issue and legal relations to planted crops, to be more precise, vegetation which is located on a land. It puts emphasis on systematically grown plants and ownership of plants and their fruits. Land law is one of the most important sectors of civil law. Since the Act. No. 89/2012 Sb., the Civil Code, has brought a staggering alteration to the sector of land law, the thesis is concerned with land law in compliance with this new law in the way that causal link and news in this area could be distinctly understandable. This thesis is also focused on applicable case law and, in some places, on the legislation of the First Republic and of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which is followed by many institutes. The content of the thesis is divided into four main chapters, that are further subdivided into two levels of subchapters, and a conclusion. The first main chapter is dedicated to a basic division, sources, initial institutes and an introduction to the whole topic. The thesis is concerned with legal theory to the extent that is needed for the purpose of studying land law and legal relations to vegetation. The second chapter provides historical information necessary for understanding further development in the field of land law and understanding the current...
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Anthocyanins from some cultivars of Sambucus nigra L. fruits. I.
Leharová, Eva ; Spilková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Martin, Jan (referee)
Elderberry is a traditional herb which has always been used in folk medicine. The berries contain many biologically active compounds, from which antocyanins are the most important. The fruits also contain flavonoids, organic acids, suggars, cyanogenic glycosides and another compounds such as vitamins, tannins, amino acids, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. The berries are used in food industry for production of marmelade, fruit syrups, wine and another delicacies. The drug Sambuci fructus is currently a subject of interest in pharmacy and medicine. The research examines the beneficial effects of antocyanins on human health and the possible use of antocyanins in medicine and pharmacy. Antocyanins exhibit a strong antioxidant activity, which can potentially be used for treating cardiovascular, tumor or metabolic disorders. The possibility of using the antioxidant effects in treatment for example hyperlipidemia, obesity and metabolic disorder is investigated. The listed effects can be also important as protection against oxidative damage of cells in diabetes mellitus. The antiinflammatory and antiinfective action is also important, it was investigated for both viral and antibacterial infections. At the same time it was shown, that elderberry could act as an effective immunostimulant. The ability of...
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Antioxidant activity of some cultivars of Sambucus nigra L. fruits.
Nehybová, Monika ; Spilková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee)
8. Abstract The fruit of the European elder, Sambucus nigra L., is used in therapy as a drug Sambuci fructus for its diaphoretic, diuretic and laxative effects. Cultivars of European elder are being studied for the use in the food industry and pharmacy. The fruit contains especially large amount of anthocyanins and flavonoids that are known for their antioxidant activity. The aim of this work is to measure the antioxidant activity of the drug Sambuci fructus and of the fruit of the European elder cultivars Samdal, Mammut, Sambo, Sambu, Sampo, Bohatka, Haschberg, Weihenstephan, Allesö, and Samyl. An extract containing anthocyanins was obtained from fruit by a process based on extraction of frozen material with acidified water at high temperature, followed by separation with polymer non-ionogenic polystyrene-divinylbenzene sorbent. The content of anthocyanins in the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically using a modified pH-differential method. The absorbance was measured along the range of 350 - 600 nm. The content of the anthocyanins was quantified in units of mg of cyanidin 3-glucoside in 1 ml of extract. The content ranged from 0.33 - 2.76 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside/ml of extract. The highest content was in the extract from the fruit of the cultivar Samdal and the lowest was of the cultivar Mammut....
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Anthocyanins from some cultivars of Sambucus nigra L. fruits. II
Brychtová, Jana ; Spilková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Dušek, Jaroslav (referee)
The fruits of elderberry - Sambuci fructus are used in the pharmaceutical and food industry. Fruits contain anthocyanins and flavonoids in addition to cyanogenic glycoside sambunigrin, organic acids, vitamins, sugars. Fruits from cultivated varieties are not used in pharmaceutically yet. The content of anthocyanins in the fruits of Sambucus nigra L. varieties Alessö, Bohatka, Haschberg, Mammut, Sambo, Sambo, Samdal, Sampo, Samyl, Weihenstephan and wild elderberry was determined by spectrophotometry. The amount of anthocyanins was recalculated for dried fruits and expressed by percentage of cyanidin chloride. Cultivated varieties shown lower values of anthocyanins than wild elderberry excerpt for Samyl variety. Statistically significant differences were found between contents of anthocyanins of varieties.
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Assessment of aroma active compounds in chosen fruit types
Frechová, Vendula ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Vítová, Eva (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the determination of aroma compounds in selected species of less known fruits (sea buckthorn, cornelian cherry, rowanberry, medlar, japanese quince and chokeberry). The theoretical part is focused on the description of these plants, their chemical composition, possibility of utilization and processing. Aroma compounds were identified and quantified in experimental parts. The aroma compounds were extracted by solid-phase microextraction and analysed by gas chromatography. A total of 45 compounds were identified. This compounds included 17 alcohols, 9 ketons, 8 aldehydes, 6 acids and 5 esters. Concurrently, the sensory evaluation of these fruits was carried out. The profile test and evaluation using graphical scales were used for evaluation of pleasantness and intensity of taste and odour.
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Comparison of individual species and groups of fruit in terms of content and properties of nutritionally valuable components
HAVLÍKOVÁ, Martina
The work deals with the content and features of nutritionally valuable fruits constituents and detects the frequency of its consumption among secondary school students. The theoretical part deals with the basic breakdown of fruit with a description of important species of each group. There are also distributed and described, given the importance in human nutrition, most nutritionally valuable components of fruits - vitamins, antioxidants, minerals, roughage, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. The practical part deals with the comparison of individual fruits in terms of nutritionally valuable constituents. When comparing nutritionally valuable constituents of fruits was found that nuts exhibits considerably higher amounts of vitamins, minerals and lipids than other group of fruit. This section also contains a survey related to questions about the frequency and popularity of eating fruit in secondary school students aged 17-20 years. The results are analyzed and graphically displayed. Research shows that 98 % of students likes fruit and prefer to eat it fresh. Their favorite kind are apples, which are our most usual fruit. In contrast, the fruits that students do not like to include grapefruit and currant. According to the survey, students understand the importance of fruit in the diet to their health, but it is important to pay attention constantly to have a varied diet in adolescents.
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Monitoring of fulfillment of consumption basket in the selected kindergartens
ZIMMELOVÁ, Veronika
The main aim of the Bachelor thesis in the theoretical part was to outline the issue of boarding in kindergartens, to explain the term ,,consumption basket`` and subsequently to provide analysis of single parts of the consumption basket in regards to its benefits for the organism of a child. In the practical part, the explanation on the principle of calculation of consumption basket is given in the first place. The main aim of the practical part is then to analyse consumption basket in selected kindergartens and carry out, based on the selected criteria of classification, evaluation of fulfillment of consumption basket in the respective kindergartens.
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