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Engineering design of 3D printer
Schoula, Šimon ; Blecha, Radim (referee) ; Bradáč, František (advisor)
The thesis is focused on structural design of machine prototype for 3D print. Used technology is stereolithography. Machine design must be easy to built and low cost. First part of thesis is especially focused on FDM printers, because the design of my printer is more similar to them. Based on systems analysis are defined all parts of printer. Next part of thesis describes SLA technology from which proceed another requirements for machine. Second part contains final structural design of machine including necessary calculations and simulations. Another parts of thesis are focused on control system of printer including software, risk analysis and technical drawings of selected machine parts.
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Optimization of 3D printing and post-processing of advanced ceramics based on calcium phosphate
Valenová, Ludmila ; Hadraba, Hynek (referee) ; Drdlík, Daniel (advisor)
The diploma thesis is related to the preparation of hydroxyapatite complex structures by additive manufacturing known as Lithography based ceramics manufacturing – LCM. A photosensitive suspension containing hydroxyapatite particles was used for 3D printing of ceramic complex structures. The influence of printing parameters on the resulting macrostructure, microstructure, density, and dimensional accuracy was evaluated. The aim was to obtain ceramic components without delamination of the layers and optimise following post-processing steps (cleaning and thermal treatment). It was found that the exposure time has a significant effect on the dimensional accuracy of printed parts. During observation microstructure of printed parts, a microporosity at the interface of printed layers, which can cause delamination of several layers was identified. High-temperature dilatometry showed different temperature of beginning densification process in the longitudinal and perpendicular directions to the layers. That could be an initiation mechanism for delamination of the layers. X-ray diffraction analysis determined a single-phase composition of powder in photosensitive suspension and sintered parts. A commercial product LithaSol 20 was suggested as a suitable cleaning agent and efficiency of the ultrasound field for cleaning was demonstrated. Based on the thermogravimetric analysis an optimized cycle of heat treatment was designed. The optimisation led to time saving (49 hours), while maintaining density, dimensional accuracy and macrostructure of the 3D printed structures.
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Setting of the material profile of stereolithographic 3D printing with a focus on dimensional accuracy
Topinka, Lukáš ; Koutecký, Tomáš (referee) ; Zatočilová, Aneta (advisor)
Additive technology of stereolithography works on the principle of curing a photosensitive polymer by laser or by DLP projector. Dimensional accuracy and quality of printing are affected by various parameters, such as exposure time and layer thickness. This bachelor thesis is focused on the description of the basic principles of stereolithography, including construction solutions for printers and their influence on the quality of printing. Furthermore, this thesis identifies the main parameters affecting the accuracy and suggests experiments for testing the influence of these parameters. At the end of this thesis, there is a description of the performed experiments, followed by a conclusion and suggestions for further development of this technology.
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Effect of aging on mechanical properties of 3D printed samples using stereolithography
Drechslerová, V. ; Falta, J. ; Fíla, T. ; Dvořák, R. ; Kytýř, Daniel
This paper focuses on stereolithography (an additive manufacturing technology working on the principle of curing liquid resins layer by layer using ultraviolet radiation) and the effect of aging on the mechanical properties of the material and printed samples. The aging of the material could be a problem for its subsequent use as the stability of the mechanical properties would not be maintained and unwanted deterioration of the material could occur. As part of the research, sets of samples were printed and subjected to different aging methods and subsequently subjected to quasi-static and dynamic uni-axial load tests. From the data obtained, the basic mechanical properties of the material were calculated and compared with each other. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether aging process causes significant changes in the mechanical properties of the materials used, which could have a consequential impact on their use in different industries.
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Stereolithography for manufacturing of advanced porous solids
Drechslerová, V. ; Neuhäuserová, M. ; Falta, J. ; Šleichrt, J. ; Kytýř, Daniel
The aim of this paper is focused on benefits of stereolithography (SLA) technology for the fabrication of the lightweight lattice structures with potential for load-bearing function and high absorption of impact energy. SLA is an additive manufacturing technology employing the principle of liquid resins curing moderated by radiation of a wavelength from ultra-violet band where resulting material parameters are tunable by setting of the curing process. The batches of samples manufactured using three different resins were subjected to quasi-static uni-axial tensile and compression tests. Acquired data were processed to derive deformation behaviour expressed as stress-strain diagrams and fundamental material properties. Based on the knowledge obtained from the mechanical tests, the setup of the fabrication parameters, the most suitable resin for manufacturing of the lattice structures and the overall suitability of SLA technology for the fabrication of advanced porous materials, were determined.
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Development of photosensitive ceramic suspensions for 3D printing of porous bioscaffolds
Ravasová, Michaela ; Novotná, Lenka (referee) ; Částková, Klára (advisor)
The aim of the diploma thesis is the development of light-sensitive ceramic suspensions for the creation of porous bioscaffolds using 3D printing. The suspensions were based on aluminum oxide in the first phase and, in the second phase of the experimental part, on calcium phosphate. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on describing human bone and the properties of bioscaffolds, providing an overview of biomaterials and methods for preparing porous bioceramics, along with a summary of previous results achieved by other scientific groups in the field. The experimental part describes the development of the suspensions. The influence of monomers, photoinitiators, dispersants, and ceramic powders on the properties of the suspensions and their photopolymerization ability was observed. By optimizing the suspensions, a suitable composition for 3D printing of scaffolds from aluminum oxide was achieved. The amount of dispersant and ceramic powder was determined based on rheological measurements, and the ratio of monomers and initiator content was adjusted according to gelation tests, where the dependence of resin polymerization on the illumination time was monitored. The suspensions were subsequently printed and sintered. The microstructure of the sintered bodies was characterized with a focus on defects specific to the debinding process. After creating a suspension suitable for 3D printing from aluminum oxide, the same procedure was applied to develop suspensions based on calcium phosphates. The outcome of the diploma thesis is a suspension based on aluminum oxide or tricalcium phosphate prepared from a mixture of di- and tetrafunctional acrylates in a weight ratio of 1:1, with 73-77 wt.% or 65 wt.% powder filling and 2 wt.% or 3 wt.% dispersant. The suspension is suitable for stereolithographic 3D printing of thin-walled bodies for biomedical applications.
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Use of 3D printing in the Czech Republic
Kopecký, Miroslav ; Varhaník, Matúš (referee) ; Sedlák, Josef (advisor)
3D printing is a widely recognized and well established technique that enables the fabrication of complex structures with low production cost and easy scalability. In this study was conducted a comprehensive review of the applications of 3D printing in various industries in the Czech Republic. The first part of the research provides a summary of the different 3D printing techniques available, along with a comparison of relevant printing parameters and acquisition costs. The next part continues with description of the practical applications of the explained 3D printing methods in the Czech Republic industires. Namely, the applications in construction, automotive, education, and healthcare industries are discussed in more detail. The latter one is then brought into focus in the practical part of this work, where a medical aid is fabricated. Specifically the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) and Stereolithography (SLA) printing methods are used to fabricate a balance plates for lower limb proprioception training as a cost- effective alternative to commercially available product. Through a comparison of physical measurements, was found that the FFF method yielded more precise printouts. This research highlights the potential of 3D printing in delivering tailored medical aids, offering a promising avenue for future development.
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Design of DLP/SLA 3D Printer
Drcmánek, Filip ; Křenek, Ladislav (referee) ; Sládek, Josef (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is dedicated to the design of a DLP 3D printer. The main objective of the thesis is to design a DLP 3D printer that is going to emphasize safety, ergonomics, and user-friendliness. The design is based on the conducted analyses, thanks to which were discovered possible shortcomings of existing DLP 3D printers. These shortcomings create room for innovations, which have been made mainly in sub-elements of the design. Part of the final design includes elements that will simplify the handling of finished prints and increase safety when handling the device. The design also respects ergonomic requirements and the dimensions of the human body. The designed product can find application in the production of prototypes, in dentistry, jewellery and last but not least for hobby users.
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Design of compact MSLA 3D printer
Korábová, Anežka ; Křenek, Ladislav (referee) ; Haltof, Vladimír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with design of compact MSLA 3D printer. Main goal of this thesis is to design MSLA 3D printer with emphasis on print quality and minimal easy maintenance. Design is based on gained knowledge from analyse of current products and their technology. Design takes account of the ergonomic aspects and brings new constructional solutions of inner components. The application of the product is not only for designers and modelers, but also for handymen and 3D print enthusiasts.
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Optimization of 3D printing and post-processing of advanced ceramics based on calcium phosphate
Valenová, Ludmila ; Hadraba, Hynek (referee) ; Drdlík, Daniel (advisor)
The diploma thesis is related to the preparation of hydroxyapatite complex structures by additive manufacturing known as Lithography based ceramics manufacturing – LCM. A photosensitive suspension containing hydroxyapatite particles was used for 3D printing of ceramic complex structures. The influence of printing parameters on the resulting macrostructure, microstructure, density, and dimensional accuracy was evaluated. The aim was to obtain ceramic components without delamination of the layers and optimise following post-processing steps (cleaning and thermal treatment). It was found that the exposure time has a significant effect on the dimensional accuracy of printed parts. During observation microstructure of printed parts, a microporosity at the interface of printed layers, which can cause delamination of several layers was identified. High-temperature dilatometry showed different temperature of beginning densification process in the longitudinal and perpendicular directions to the layers. That could be an initiation mechanism for delamination of the layers. X-ray diffraction analysis determined a single-phase composition of powder in photosensitive suspension and sintered parts. A commercial product LithaSol 20 was suggested as a suitable cleaning agent and efficiency of the ultrasound field for cleaning was demonstrated. Based on the thermogravimetric analysis an optimized cycle of heat treatment was designed. The optimisation led to time saving (49 hours), while maintaining density, dimensional accuracy and macrostructure of the 3D printed structures.
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