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External Sources of Finance for Business Projects in the Czech Republic
Kubíčková, Kateřina ; Filipová, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Drozen, František (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on external sources of finance for business projects in the Czech Republic. The theoretical framework summarizes the expertise and definitions relating to business, entrepreneurs personality, to legal forms of business and traditional external sources of finance. As the lack of resources or difficult access to traditional sources of capital can sometimes be an obstacle in the realization of a welcome and viable business plan, the second half of the thesis is devoted to alternative options of financing business projects with an emphasis on EU subsidies drawing. Other analysed external sources of finance are the investments of private investors called Business Angels, venture and private equity capital, crowdfunding and at the end preferential credits from banking institutions offered to start-ups or new business projects. The main target of this thesis is to provide an overview of the available external projects funding, to find out how they are going on in the Czech Republic and at the conclusion to assess, what kinds of projects are suitable for every single kind of funding. This thesis could help to entrepreneurs, who do not have enough funds for their idea, to be knowledgeable in current options of external financial sources.
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The issue of church restitutions in Czech Republic
Novopacká, Zuzana ; Louda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Matula, Miloš (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue called church restitutions and the topic of the separation between churches and the state in the Czech Republic. Its main goal is to provide a comprehensive view on this controversial theme. The theoretical part provides basic definition of related concepts and contains a historical analysis of church property. The practical part consist of analysis of the Act. No. 428/2012 Coll. and highlights its strengths and weaknesses. It also contains some examples of contentious cases dealing with the return of church property. Based on this bachelor thesis we can say there is a many irregularities and critical points of adopted Act and we may find this topic very debatable.
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WTO and regionalism - TTIP case study
Hammerbauer, Martin ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; Hasík, Gabriel (referee)
This paper describes current trends in regional integration and their mutual relationship with multilateral integration represented by the WTO. A special attention is given to the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), an emerging agreement between the European Union and the United States. The first chapter provides an introduction to the topic of new regionalism and factors, which influence its development. The second chapter concentrates on how regional agreements are handled by the WTO and also on the relationship between multilateral and regional integration. The subject of the third chapter is a TTIP case study as an example of the so called mega-regionalism and possible impact of this agreement on the world trading system.
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Emission load during growing of selected crops
MRÁČKOVÁ, Jana
The thesis focuses on partial assessment of the life cycle of the strawberry plant (Fragaria), the breeding of which has a long tradition in the Czech Republic. The breeding technologies in conventional and ecological farming systems are compared, in relation to the greenhouse gases emission. The data from agriculture and transportation were accumulated by way of questionnaire survey and expert literature.The objective of this thesis was to assess the impact of individual agrotechnical factors on the pollution of the environment with greenhouse gases emissions in conventional and ecological farming systems, and also to test the hypothesis on whether it is better, from the environmental point of view, to consume locally produced or imported strawberries.The environmental impact was calculated with the SIMAPro software. This tool uses the Ecoinvent databases and enables to create a model of life cycle of the product in question according to the ČSN EN ISO 14040 and ČSN EN ISO 14044 standards. Theinputs and outputs were related to the unit of one hectare and the resulting value was converted as per 1 kg of strawberries. The input included technological operations, amount of fertilisers, and plant protection products; the output of the analysis was the emission load per1 kg of strawberries expressed in the CO2 equivalent.
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The Conclusion of a Contract under the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods in Comparison with Czech National Legislation
Krčálová, Kristýna ; Boháček, Martin (advisor) ; Levý, Jan (referee)
This Master's thesis focuses on the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG), better known as the Vienna Convention. The main purpose of this thesis is to evaluate conditions for application of this international treaty and to assess the contracting process under the CISG including the similarities and differences with the Czech national legislation. Finally, it seeks an answer to the question, which of these rules (international or national) are more advantageous for a Czech contractual party with respect to concluding a contract. The thesis is divided into five parts. The first one represents an introduction to the CISG, its origin and the Czech Republic's attitude to it. The second part identifies the conditions for application of the CISG and therefore defines a subject and an object of an international contract of sale under the CISG. Both third and fourth parts gradually introduce two phases of the contracting process (offer and acceptance) including the relevant case-law. The last chapter strives to complete the contracting process with an analysis of the exact moment, when a contract is concluded, as well as with an analysis of a potential battle of the forms and its impact on a contract conclusion.
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Stomacare nurses and their share in the work with self-help groups of patiens.
ŠŤASTNÁ, Olga
Stoma nurses and their contribution to work with self-help groups of patients. The diploma thesis dealt with the cooperation of stoma nurses with self-help groups of stoma patients in ten regions of the Czech Republic. The aim was to find out if stoma nurses recognize the importance of self-help groups for stoma patients, how their work contributes to self-help groups, if stoma nurses cooperate with self-help groups and if they inform stoma patients about the existence of self-help groups. Another objective was to determine the level of significance stoma patients give to self-help groups. The goals of the work were met. The theoretical section addresses the issues of self-help groups, the history, benefits, risks, stoma nurses and their education. Cooperation between doctors, stoma nurses and the club of patients is also mentioned. The contexts of a stoma - preoperative and postoperative care, nursing care complications, the stoma aids - are involved in the conclusion of the thesis. In the practical section an investigation through qualitative in-depth interviews with stoma nurses on the base of five research questions was carried out. Do stoma nurses consider self-help groups important in the life of a stoma patient? What information do stoma patients ask for when stoma nurses participate in self help groups? What is the cooperation of stoma nurses with self-help groups in individual regions? Do stoma patients take part in activities within self-help groups? Which age groups of patients, according to stoma nurses´ opinion, prefer to work in self-help groups? On the basis of a qualitative research hypotheses were established for a quantitative investigation. This quantitative research survey through questionnaires was conducted in patients with a stoma, also in ten regions. H1: Stoma nurses recognize the importance of self-help groups for patients with a stoma. H2: Stoma nurses cooperate with self-help groups of stoma patients. H3: Stoma nurses inform stoma patients about self-help groups. H4: The biggest benefit of stoma nurses for stoma patients in self-help groups is giving information about the use of aids. H5: Stoma patients consider self-help groups very important. All hypotheses were confirmed. Stoma nurses as well as stoma patients consider self-help groups very important in their lives. Currently stoma nurses cooperate with self-help groups in all regions, they inform new stoma patients about opportunities to take part in self-help groups and do not forget to give advice about aids and stoma nursing, which is the most valuable information for the stoma patient especially at the beginning of treatment. The results were consistent in both investigations and will be offered to individual stoma nurses for improvement of mutual cooperation. And in the regions where self-help groups do not exist yet or are being established, I firmly believe that the results of this thesis will help in self-help groups activities. The research survey has proved that the stoma nurses´ work is meaningful owing to its results and goals. Stoma nurses have a large share of the self-help groups work.
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Hacking in the context of artistict activism
Svatoš, Jonáš ; VOJTĚCHOVSKÝ, Miloš (advisor) ; VAVREČKA, Ondřej (referee)
The work deals with various aspects of the tactical tools and strategies designed to disrupt or disable transmission of information, in particular regarding to issue of intervention in information networks. The work addresses the issue of “hacking”, which also outlines in the historical context of media activism, as well as from the perspective of artistic practice.
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Freezing technology of bull sperm in relation to its survivability and fertilization ability
Doležalová, Martina ; Stádník, Luděk (advisor) ; Jiří, Jiří (referee)
The aim of optimalization the insemination doses production is to provide the highest fertilization ability of spermatozoa during the demanding proces of processing fresh semen and its subsequent cryopreservation. Temperature changes causes spermatozoa damage during the cooling and freezing. Spermatozoa is exposed to cold shock and many others limiting factors, which leads to cell death and therefore to decline of fertilization ability of thawed insemination doses. For increasing spermatozoa resistance, exactly the plasma membrane resistance against cold shock was fraction of egg yolk LDL cholesterol (low density lipoprotein) at various concentrations into the comercially produced diluents added. It is believed that LDL acts possitively to plasma membrane and helps to maintain the fertilization ability of spermatozoa after thawing. Following step in the proces of insemination doses production is slow cooling of diluted semen and equilibration, when the straws are store at cooling box for 30 minutes to 240 hours. This period is necessary to penetrate of certain diluent components into the spermatazoa also maintain the balance between their intracellular and extracellular concentration. Also important is subsequent freezing temperature gradient of insemination doses. The most suitable freezing method is based on computer controlled temperature decline in freezing chamber which allows the precise control of ice crystals formation that could tear and kill the cell.
During 2012 to 2016 was repeatedly collected semen from the group of breeding bulls (n = 27, Holstein and Czech Fleckvieh breed) at AI centre. Semen which fulfill the standard entrance conditions in first step was evenly into several parts divided. For dilution the three types of comercially diluents AndroMed, Bioxcell and Triladyl with and without LDL addition were used. Into the diluents AndroMed and Bioxcell the concentration of LDL 4 %, 6 % and 8% into the dilent Triladyl 6 %, 8 % and 10 % was added. Diluted semen was filled into the glass capillares with volume 0,1 ml and temperature +4 °C. Subsequently the sample was placed to cold bath (0°C) for 10 minutes. Then the volume of capillare with physiological solution (37 °C) was mixed and for next 120 minutes was incubate. The effect of cold shock to proportion of live spermatozoa was evaluated by using Eosin and Nigrosine staining technique during heat test of spermatozoa survivability after spermatozoa heating and after 120 minutes of incubation.
The more suitable semen diluents which provide the higher spermatozoa resistance against cold shock were AndroMed and Bioxcell. Together the possitive effect of LDL addition into the diluents to lower decrease of proportion of live spermatozoa during heat test was found (P<0.05). The most suitable LDL concentration which had a favorable influence at spermatozoa resistance against cold shock was 6 % in diluent Bioxcell. Values of the proportion of live sperm were higher at the beginning of the heat test (+1.31% to + 3.2%) and after 120 minute incubation (+5.82% to +8.41%) compared to other diluents with and without addition of LDL.
In the next step the process of equilibration was optimized, is an important part of insemination doses production. The effect of the length of equilibration for subsequent fertilization ability of spermatozoa was evaluated using spermatozoa motility based of CASA and proportion of live spermatozoa after thawing and during heat survival test lasting 120 minutes (37 ° C). Suitable semen was diluted by comercially used diluent AndroMed based on soya lecithin, filled into the straws (0.25 ml), cooled and equilibrated in cooling box for 30, 120 and 240 minutes and freezed in programmable freezing box applying four types of freezing curves differing in temperature rate decline. There was used standard and by producer recommended 3. phase freezing curve, then 2. phase freezing curve, and 3. phase freezing curve with slower as well as rapid decline of temperature rate in freezing chamber, compared with standard freezing curve. The highest spermatozoa motility was found using 240 minutes of equilibration by +2.72% and +4.58% compared to other lengths of equilibration (P <0.05 to 0.01). The highest proportion of live spermatozoa was found using 120 minutes of equilibration (+6.87 % and +8.68 %). The highest average spermatozoa motility during heat test after thawing was achieved by using 2. phase freezing curve (from +2.97% to +10.37%, P <0.05), also in the proportion of live spermatozoa (from + 4.37% to +8.82%, P <0.01). When evaluating interaction between the length of equilibration and freezing curve (standard 3. phase and 2 . phase freezing curve), the highest average spermatozoa motility and proportion of live spermatozoa using 240 minutes of equilibration by both freezing curves was reached, there was no statistically significant differences. As well as, in all evaluated parts of this study the individual differences between ejaculate of bulls and within semen from one bull (P <0.05) as secondary effect were found.
To maintain good fertilization ability of semen during cryopreservation is necessary to increase the spermatozoa resistance against cold shock using addition of correct concentration of LDL into the commercially used diluents AndroMed and Bioxcell. Subsequently the fertilization ability of insemination dose is influenced by cooling, the length of equilibration and freezing. The length of equilibration 120 minutes and more as well as gentle way of freezing according to freezing curve, which ensures a gradual decrease of temperature in freezing chamber provided the higher average spermatozoa motility and proportion of live spermatozoa.
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Euroregion Silva Nortica and perception of Euroregion Silva Nortica among students in secondary schools of South Bohemia and the Waldviertel
WEGENKITTLOVÁ, Petra
The author of this bachelor thesis will be discussing the development in the relationships in the Czech-Austrian borderland after the year 1989, where the main emphasis is mainly put on the activities of Euroregion Silva Nortica (ERSN). ERSN was established on the 28 of May in 2002 and involves the areas of former districts called Jindřichův Hradec, Budweis, Písek and Tábor. In the area of Lower Austria, we are speaking of the Waldviertel region with its Zwettl, Krems, Gmünd, Waidhofen an der Thaya and Horn districts. The main focus of this dissertation will not just include the mapping and the assessment of cross-border cooperation initiated by ERSN, but also its general recognition in the society. In conclusion of this, the part of the thesis will be created by the questionnaire which will find out the awarness of ERSN in the selected high schools (in the South Bohemia and Lower Austria).
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