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The effect of microfluidic sperm separation on the success of IVF therapy
NOVÁKOVÁ, Pavla
More and more couples are coming to assisted reproduction centres to solve conception problems. Despite initial efforts to improve lifestyle and reduce daily stress, problems in conceiving and delivering a healthy baby can be caused by one or a combination of multiple factors, and in such cases infertile couples opt for assisted reproductive treatment. In earlier times, the focus in the field of reproductive medicine was mainly on female fertility. In recent years, assisted reproductive medicine has largely focused on the field of andrology. In this regard, the development of enhanced spermiogram methods and sperm processing techniques has been developed. The current trend in reproductive embryology and andrology methods is to mimic the in vivo environment as much as possible. The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to determine whether the method of microfluidic sperm separation has an effect on sperm quality and whether the use of sperm obtained in this way influences the success of IVF treatment. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, data from 129 couples who underwent treatment in our IVF centre by donated oocytes and at the same time sperm from fresh ejaculate were used. The sperm samples were divided into two groups, namely for processing by gradient centrifugation and separation by microfluidic chip. The sperm were then used for in vitro fertilization using intracytoplasmic sperm injection method. Cycles with donated oocytes were selected to minimize the influence of female factor. The results of this work indicate that sperm processing by microfluidic chip method has a positive impact on the success of IVF treatment.
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Assisted reproduction and related legal issues
Adamová, Barbora ; Salač, Josef (advisor) ; Zvára, Michael (referee)
Assisted reproduction and related legal issues Abstract This thesis addresses the issue of assisted reproduction as a health service suitable for the treatment of infertility, including all aspects related to it. It is mainly due to the increasing number of people struggling with infertility nowadays that the topic is of high importance and deserves, besides scientific and medical attention, also adequate legal attention. The thesis focuses mainly on the legal regulation of assisted reproduction de lege lata and its development, however, it also evaluates the de lege ferenda regulation overview. In addition to the legal framework of the assisted reproduction services, the scope of persons who may be beneficiaries of the service is also discussed. Other related topics discussed include the conditions that must be met in order for beneficiaries to be provided, as well as the provider's obligations and standards. Furthermore, focus is drawn to the proposed changes, both past and present, including the intentions of the legislator. In addition to a summary of the general legal regulation of assisted reproduction, the thesis aims to cover the issue comprehensively, which is why the second chapter is devoted to the topic of germ cells and the possibilities of their donation, as well as the question of the legal...
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Criminal aspects of assisted reproduction
Paták, Milan ; Sovová, Olga (advisor) ; Císařová, Dagmar (referee)
The concept of assisted reproduction is widely discussed by both professional and lay public. New scientific discoveries in the fields of biology and medicine as well as the use of methods and procedures that enable the emergence of new life raise number of issues, not only the legal ones. The purpose of this thesis is to provide the comprehensive survey of criminal law relationships which may arise in the context of providing the assisted reproduction. The thesis examines whether the current legislation guarantees sufficient protection of relations, interests and values covered by the Criminal Code. Within the analysis of crimes the thesis deals with the need for criminal repression and gives proposals de lege ferenda. The thesis is composed of five chapters. The first chapter is subdivided into two parts. Part One defines the concept of assisted reproduction, describes the historical overview of the events that preceded the current interpretation of the concept and explicates basic medical terminology related to the chosen topic. Part Two presents the basic principles on which the Czech regulation is established and contains specification of the relevant sources of law. The second chapter briefly characterizes the criminal and medical law and clarifies their relationship. The third chapter deals with the...
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Multiple births in Czechia and international perspective
Kratochvílová, Anne-Marie ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Multiple births in Czechia and international perspective Abstract The bachelor thesis deals with the development of multiple births between 1950 and 2019 in the Czech Republic and compares it with the development of multiple births in selected foreign countries, which are France, Japan, Germany, Greece and Sweden. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to analyse the probable causes of the changes in the frequency of multiple births, which has been increasing worldwide especially in the last decades. The bachelor thesis examines the basic characteristics of multiple births and at the same time presents the factors that influence the frequency of multiple births and also looks at the risks associated with multiple births. Keywords: multiple births, multiples, twins, triplets, maternal age, assisted reproduction, trend
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Parenthood in lesbian families
Bláhová, Kateřina ; Lánský, Ondřej (advisor) ; Hyánková, Tereza (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with same-sex parenting among lesbian couples and its process. In the Czech Republic, it is possible for same-sex couples to enter into a registered partnership, although there is no option of starting families with children together under the same legal protection that heterosexual couples have. On the contrary, there is no legislation concerning this issue. That is why, although same-sex parenting is not explicitly banned, the state and society show no basic degree of acceptance of this alternative family form. That puts lesbian couples into unique circumstances, which they encounter on their way to and during parenthood. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the current situation of lesbian families in the Czech Republic using available literature and other sources. The thesis discusses the topics of the perception of homosexuality and same-sex parenting in the Czech society, the means of obtaining custody of a child and which ones are available, and what accompanying problems lesbian couples deal with on their way to parenthood. KEY WORDS LGBT, parenthood, lesbian couples, assisted reproduction, adoption
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Czechia as a target country for cross-border reproductive care
Volejníková, Adéla ; Šťastná, Anna (advisor) ; Fait, Tomáš (referee)
Czechia as a target country for cross-border reproductive care Abstract Since the 1970s, economically developed countries have been experiencing a change in the reproductive behavior of their populations, with one of the main trends being the postponement of fertility to a later age. However, this trend is associated with an increasing risk of infertility, as the chances of natural conception decrease as women age. In this context, there is a growing interest in the treatment of infertility through Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART), which are regulated and governed by legal regulations in many countries. As a result, there is an increase in the provision of cross-border reproductive care, where infertile couples, primarily for legislative reasons, undergo assisted reproduction abroad. Since this is a relatively new and unexplored phenomenon, the aim of this study is to map the main trends in the provision of cross- border reproductive care, focusing on the perspective of Czechia as a destination country. Individual anonymized data on all initiated cycles of assisted reproduction in Czechia from 2016 to 2019 are used. It has been shown that assisted reproduction trends in Czechia are significantly influenced by the provision of cross-border reproductive care, as reproductive tourists accounted for...
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The present of assisted reproduction and its effect on the quality of life of couple
Menclová, Lucie ; Vachková, Eva (advisor) ; Matulová, Jana (referee)
1 Abstract Name and surname of the author: Lucie Menclová Institution: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Department of Non-medical Studies Title: The present of assisted reproduction and its effect on the quality of life of couple Supervisor: Mgr. Eva Vachková, Ph. D. Number of pages: Number of attachements: 139 3 Year of defense: 2023 Keywords: assisted reproduction, infertility, infertility treatment, quality of life affected by assisted reproduction, assisted reproduction centre, nursing care in reproductive centres The bachelor thesis deals with assisted reproduction, infertility and specific quality of life. The theoretical part deals with the problems of assisted reproduction, its history, development and methods, it is devoted to infertility and the examinations that are carried out before starting its treatment. It also focuses on quality of life, both general and specific quality of life affected by assisted reproduction. The thesis also looks at nursing care and the role of the general nurse in reproductive centres. The empirical part depicts the results of qualitative research, which was carried out in the form of interviews with the respondents. The aim of the research was to find out whether the infertility treatment affected the couple's quality of life and...
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Surrogate mothethood: Comparison with legislation in French speaking countries
Musilová, Kateřina ; Salač, Josef (advisor) ; Zvára, Michael (referee)
Surrogacy is a very current and controversial issue resonating in almost all countries. It is a method of assisted reproduction that is used in most states primarily to treat infertility, but in some it is also available to homosexual couples. Surrogacy is sometimes considered unethical, immoral or against the natural course of nature, especially in its commercial form. The legal regulation of surrogacy and its various forms varies between countries for cultural or historical reasons, but can be divided into three categories. States permitting, states pro- hibiting and states not regulating surrogacy. The aim of this thesis is to compare the legal regulation of surrogacy in selected countries with the legal regulation in the Czech Republic. The thesis compares the legislation in Bel- gium, France and Quebec. Each of these countries has a different approach to surrogacy as such and to its regulation. France is one of the states that prohibit surrogacy, Quebec is one of the states where surrogacy is not explicitly regulated but where surrogacy contracts are null and void, and Belgium is one of the states where surrogacy is in a grey area but where repeated efforts can be seen to establish clear legislation. The thesis also discusses court decisions in individual states that address the most com- mon...
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