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The importance of the Alps as a refugium in the Quarternary climate cycle with a focus on molluscs.
Gelnarová, Barbora ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Coufal, Radovan (referee)
The Alps are a well-known glacial refugium, an important biodiversity hotspot and a centre of endemism for many species. This is due to their topological variability and the high heterogenity of their habitats, which thus provide a home for different species of organisms. In particular, the Eastern Alps represented an important glacial refugium and contributed to the survival of countless different species during the Quaternary climate cycle. This bachelor thesis is a literature review of mainly zoological publications that focus on the study of glacial refugia of terrestrial gastropods in the Alps. A large part of the thesis is devoted to the reasons for the considerable biodiversity, and especially the endemism, of this region. Another part deals with the postglacial dispersal spread of terrestrial gastropod species from their refugia. Key words: Alps, refugium, endemism, biodiversity, Quarternary, postglacional spread, molluscs, paleobiology
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Development of German Alpine Clubs in Czech Lands until 1938
Chaloupská, Pavlína ; Waic, Marek (advisor) ; Štumbauer, Jan (referee) ; Hájek, Jan (referee)
Mgr. Pavlína Chaloupská, abstrakt disertační práce Abstract: The thesis analyzes activities of the most important German Alpine clubs operating in the Czech Lands and interwar Czechoslovakia since their establishment until 1938. The history of alpine clubs is explained, and the organization of DuÖAV (Deutscher und Österreichischer Alpenverein, German and Austrian Alpine Association) is analysed, on the basis of general and specific introductory information related to the alpinism in the late 19th century. The thesis is divided according to geographical location of the constituent sections. For each section of DuÖAV, the circumstances of its establishment are monitored, the sphere of its activity is defined, the internal organization is described, and the economic functioning is analyzed. The activities of Alpine clubs in Bohemia and Alps are charted in detail, and based on the research it was discovered that the most important activity of the Alpine clubs was the construction of the Alpine huts, owned by German clubs from Bohemia. Among other activities there were organization of guiding and rescue operations, giving lectures, balls and excursions in their locality. Two chapters are devoted to the most important personalities of the German alpinism in the Czech lands: Johann Stüdl and Rudolf Kauschka.
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The observed and projected temperature changes in the Alpine region and their consequences
Pinc, Martin ; Pokorná, Lucie (advisor) ; Treml, Václav (referee)
The observed and projected temperature changes in the Alpine region and their consequences Abstract This paper studies findings from researches that describe development of a climate change in the Alps. This text shows geography of the Alps, models that define future temperature changes and natural and human factors which affect climate change in the Alpine region. One of the main topics in this paper are possible consequences of the climate change. This paper studies climate change in the Swiss Alps and in Wallis Alps on Swiss-Italian border. The next section of this paper studies scenarios of climate change and divides them according to emission development. Paper also shows the projected temperature changes in the Alps. The main goal of this work is to accurately describe climate change models used in the Alpine region, to discuss their reliability and to determine in which cases the model temperatures differ from temperature data measured at meteorogical stations. Another goal of this work is to determine physical and human factors that contribute to surface temperature warming in the Alps. This paper also shows predictions of temperature development in the Alps and its possible consequences. In the Alps, The projected temperatures are compared with measured temperatures. Predicted temperatures are then...
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The observed and projected temperature changes in the Alpine region and their consequences
Pinc, Martin ; Pokorná, Lucie (advisor) ; Treml, Václav (referee)
The observed and projected temperature changes in the Alpine region and their consequences Abstract This paper studies findings from researches that describe development of a climate change in the Alps. This text shows geography of the Alps, and also models that define future temperature changes and natural and human factors which affect climate change in the Alpine region. One of the main topics in this paper are possible consequences of the climate change. This paper studies climate change in the Swiss Alps and in Wallis Alps on Swiss-Italian border. The next section of this paper studies scenarios of climate change and divides them according to emission development. Paper also shows the projected temperature changes in the Alps. The last chapter of this paper describes modelling of climate change using tree-ring based temperature reconstructions. The main goal of this work is to accurately describe climate change models used in the Alpine region, to discuss their reliability and to determine in which cases the model temperatures differ from temperature data measured at meteorogical stations. Another goal of this work is to determine physical and human factors that contribute to surface temperature warming in the Alps. This paper also shows predictions of temperature development in the Alps and its...
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Alpine Landscape from English travel literature ( the first half of the 18th century)
Štětka, Ondřej ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Janáč, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to trace the image of mountains, mountain landscape and nature in selected English/British travelogues and correspondence from the first half of the 18th century containing accounts of their authors' travels to the Alpine region. Firstly, the author of the thesis briefly outlines general development of the European attitude towards mountains before the half of the 18th century. After that he introduces each of the texts and their authors individually and then examines and compares them regarding chiefly the way of mentioning, describing or valuation of mountains and mountain landscape. Finally, he presents his findings and tries to confront them with some general theses on development of the perception of mountains, nature and landscape. Key words Mountains, Alps, landscape, nature, 18th century, English/British, travellers, travelogues.
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Biogeography of arachnofauna of the Alps
Šilhavá, Alena ; Šťáhlavský, František (advisor) ; Řezáč, Milan (referee)
This bachelor thesis gives a summarizing overview of the biogeography of arachnofauna of the Alps. It covers five orders of arachnids residing in the Alps, namely scorpions (Scorpiones), pseudoscorpions (Pseudoscorpiones), palpigrades (Palpigradi), harvestmen (Opiliones) and spiders (Araneae). The work is focused on the distribution of endemic and subendemic species of these orders of arachnids and on factors that can influence their distribution and total diversity in the Alps. It turns out that temperature and humidity are important factors. Pseudoscorpions occur more frequently in warmer areas at lower altitudes, while especially scorpions of the genus Euscorpius (Alpiscorpius) and harvestmen are more tolerant to areas with a lower temperature, while harvestmen especially require sufficient humidity. For spiders in the mountains of the Alps total species richness and density decreases mainly from open land to the forest. Total diversity in the Alps has also been influenced by temperature oscillations during the Quaternary climatic changes and different positions and types of refugia. This is apparent at the species closely related to soil environment, such as palpigrades or cave pseudoscorpions of the family Syarinidae. Key words: biogeography, the Alps, endemic, Scorpiones, Pseudoscorpiones,...
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Development of German Alpine Clubs in Czech Lands until 1938
Chaloupská, Pavlína ; Waic, Marek (advisor) ; Štumbauer, Jan (referee) ; Hájek, Jan (referee)
Mgr. Pavlína Chaloupská, abstrakt disertační práce Abstract: The thesis analyzes activities of the most important German Alpine clubs operating in the Czech Lands and interwar Czechoslovakia since their establishment until 1938. The history of alpine clubs is explained, and the organization of DuÖAV (Deutscher und Österreichischer Alpenverein, German and Austrian Alpine Association) is analysed, on the basis of general and specific introductory information related to the alpinism in the late 19th century. The thesis is divided according to geographical location of the constituent sections. For each section of DuÖAV, the circumstances of its establishment are monitored, the sphere of its activity is defined, the internal organization is described, and the economic functioning is analyzed. The activities of Alpine clubs in Bohemia and Alps are charted in detail, and based on the research it was discovered that the most important activity of the Alpine clubs was the construction of the Alpine huts, owned by German clubs from Bohemia. Among other activities there were organization of guiding and rescue operations, giving lectures, balls and excursions in their locality. Two chapters are devoted to the most important personalities of the German alpinism in the Czech lands: Johann Stüdl and Rudolf Kauschka.
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Vliv klimatických změn na cestovní ruch
Blažejová, Lenka ; Petrů, Zdenka (advisor)
Práce pojednává o vlivu klimatických změn na cestovní ruch. První část obsahuje charakteristiku klimatických změn, dosavadní změny klimatu a prognózy dalšího vývoje. Další část práce se zaměřuje nejprve na teoretický popis cestovního ruchu, na vzájemný vztah cestovního ruchu a klimatických změn. A poté je uveden konkrétní případ vlivu změn klimatu na cestovní ruch v Alpách.
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Freight in Alps and Switzerland
Vonásek, Martin ; Zelený, Lubomír (advisor) ; Pešková, Marie (referee)
The paper deals with extarnalities in transport, position of Switzerland in european freight and situation in alpine freight in overall. Analyzes instruments applied in the swiss Road to rail transfer politics, infrastructure charging, rail infrastructure projects and development of freight in swiss alpine tunnels since 1980. The paper briefly discuses possible solitions with overlap into future of swiss trafic management projects.
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