|
|
The invariable and variable factors in the nature of Czech educational prose and drama from children's life (pedagogical topoi of the journey, outsider and asylum)
Brožová, Věra
This paper analyses the primary character of Czech prose from children's life, which until the end of the 19th century was conceived mostly as a educational tool and especially in the 1860s started to give way to the aesthetic impulses of the period. Abundant pedagogical output of this kind, which came into being, among other things, due to the reform of teachers' education and increasingly rigorous control of youth reading (so-called purification, initiated by the state, i.e. the retrogressive censorship of school libraries maintained literature on a simple model, which usually corresponds with a constricted number of functions, as defined in the fairytale genre by Vladimir Propp. The gradual transformations of traditional pedagogical topoi surprisingly helped to resuscitate this model in the genre of Czech instructional camping prose, which was still popular, and also helped this model and its general features to resonate in significantly more artistic prose for young adults.
|
|
|
Czech literature from an intermedia perspective. Fourth Congress of World Czech Literary Studies: Other Czech Literature (?)
Fedrová, Stanislava ; Zajac, P. ; Winter, A. ; Štochl, J. ; Novák, R. ; Beličová, R. ; Foret, M. ; Kořínek, Pavel ; Jareš, Michal ; Bubeníček, P. ; Koblížek, T. ; Mareš, P. ; Málková, I. ; Čulík, J. ; Kyuchin, Kim ; Zelinský, M. ; Schultze, B. ; Gerčikova, I. ; Voisine-Jechová, H. ; Cloutier, C. ; Jirsa, T. ; Kapsová, E. ; Jedličková, Alice ; Mercks, K. ; Režná, M. ; Změlík, R. ; Šlaisová, E. ; Ambros, V. ; Janáčková, J. ; Pariláková, E. ; Váša, O. ; Lemańczyk, M. M. ; Schmid, H. ; Vaňková, I. ; Machová Ondřejová, K. ; Šolić, M. ; Müllerová, L. ; Kudlová, Klára ; Pořízka, P.
Arranged every 5 years at the initiative of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Institute of Czech Literature, the congress brought together some 150 researchers this year. World intermedia studies research has developed from case studies into initial syntheses, while in the Czech context it still has slight symptoms of "otherness". Studies contained in this collection deal with analyses into the crossing of media boundaries within the framework of authorial poetics, within individual works and between semiotic systems: the problematization of film and radio adaptations of literary works, comics, ekphrasis and other thematizations of the fine arts or musical motifs in literature, the relationship between drama and theatre stagings and the representation of reality and the procedures of other media in literary texts.
|
|
|
Mácha’s iamb and devices to weaken the conflict between language and meter
Ibrahim, Robert ; Sgallová, K.
The paper follows up the results of structuralist verse theory (Roman Jakobson, Miroslav Červenka). The analysis of Mácha’s iamb used in his poem Máj (May, 1836) is based on observation of the relationship between the chosen meter and the language, and mainly on the explanation of the conflict between those two, which occurs when the first (therefore stressed) syllable of a polysyllabic word matches the weak (e.g. odd) position of the verse line. There are 87% of such lines in Máj, but in most of these cases the stressed syllable is occupying first verse position (or the position subsequent to caesura), which in Czech versification is seen as an acceptable alternative to the monosyllabic iambic incipit. Worthy of note is the morphological organisation of the unmetrical lines as well (such as preposition or prefix occupying weak position) – the preference of particular configurations may be seen as being the part of the author’s individual style.
|
|
|
Film effects in Karel Hynek Mácha's prose narratives
Koten, Jiří
This essay inquires into the general characteristics of Karel Hynek Mácha's narrative fiction. It starts from the well-known analysis written by Jan Mukařovský. In the paper "Genetika smyslu v Máchově poezii" (Genetics of meaning in Mácha's poetry, 1938) Mukařovský claims that Mácha's works produce something of a cinematic effect. According to Mukařovský this is due to the interruption of narrated time (the dynamic plot is brought to a stop - up to a static scene), as well as by virtue of a technique reminiscent of a montage of impressive images. We consider this term pregnant, because it describes other characteristics of Mácha's fiction: the dramatical nature of narration and the fact that actions linking the storyline simultaneously serve as indices which evoke the impressive atmosphere. Even though Mácha uses authorial narration, focalization is mostly external and fictional minds aren't transparent. The narration comes close to the technique which is known as camera-eye narration.
|
|
|
A hundred-year battle over Mácha. Karel Hynek Mácha between the Prague Linguistic Circle and the Czechoslovak Literary Historical Society
Fořt, Bohumil
Among others, to mark the 100th anniversary of the death of Karel Hynek Mácha, two important collective works were published: Karel Hynek Mácha. Osobnost, dílo, ohlas published in 1937 by Czechoslovak Literary Historical Society and Torso a tajemství Máchova díla published in 1938 by Prague Linguistic Circle. Both organisations in the 1930's embodied certain counterparts in the field of Czech literary criticism - not only that both groups come from completely different methodological backgrounds, but they also participated in crucial scholarly and educational projects connected with access to both financial sources, as well as to a wider influence over literary critical practice. The comparison of the collective works written and set by members of both groups enable us to view the entire ideas and methods of both groups and to connect them with the influence they had over literary scholarly investigation in Czechoslovakia.
|
|
|
Jan Mukařovský's studies on K. H. Mácha
Sládek, Ondřej
Jan Mukařovský in his scholarly work paid consistent high attention to the work of Karel Hynek Mácha, which is incorporated in several studies and commentaries. In every new study on Mácha Mukařovský elaborated on his own previous analysis and strived for a more precise conceptual system. Mukařovský used Mácha's work especially to prove the analytical power of structuralist thought as well as the validity of its terms. The present study focuses mainly on an introduction to the most important works by Mukařovský about Mácha from the 1920s to the 1940s and also analyses the possible interrelationships between the works, especially those from 1936.
|
|
|
The subject in articulo mortis and face to face with nature
Hrbata, Zdeněk
The article first discusses the positive (e.g. William Wordsworth, Novalis, Victor Hugo) and the negative (Alfred de Vigny, Giacomo Leopardi) conceptions of nature in the Romantic epoch, as well as pointing out their principal objects: the being of the universe and the appearance of landscape. With regard to this background, it compares situations and reflections of the prisoner or the convict condemned to death in the works of George Gordon Byron (The Prisoner of Chillon, 1816), Victor Hugo (Le Dernier Jour d'un Condamné, 1829, Quatre vingt-treize, 1874) and Karel Hynek Mácha (Máj, 1836). It analyses the tragic separation between final existence and renewable nature, indifferent to human destiny.
|
|
|
Early reception of Mácha’s "Marinka" in 1830s and 1840s Czech literature
Charypar, Michal
Mácha’s tale "Marinka", which came out as a part of his Obrazy ze života mého (Pictures from My Life, 1834), aroused an unexpectedly emphatic reception not in criticism, but in the Czech literature of the time. Apart from direct allusions (made by František Jaromír Rubeš and Jan Pravoslav Přibík) there are also prose writings which are indirectly yet more deeply for all that inspired by this tale (by Karel Sabina, Jan Jindřich Marek and others). We can observe the path followed by Mácha's inspirational impulse, and the results which he brought about. Intertextual analysis can supply us with new information about the reception of Mácha's text (and the poet himself) and at the same time it inevitably leads to attempts to identify and evaluate the intertextual transfer of individual literary motifs, topics, plot components etc., as a literary phenomenon characteristic not only of the post-Máchian period.
|
|
|
The Mácha-like lineage of Czech lyrical poetry
Křivánek, Vladimír
Mácha founded a tradition of deep meditative lyrical poetry in the New Czech literature. This poetry aspires towards transcendency and understands human existence as ambivalent, both beautiful and painful, stretched between the sensual and spiritual worlds, between the physical and supersubstantial, between heaven and Earth. Mácha's influence entered the poetry of his followers in various ways, initially via admiring poems dedicated to him. Such poems, often stating a particular programme, identify with Mácha-like gestures to a varying extent, and they present Mácha as the prototype of a modern poet. Mácha's work gradually revealed its miraculous inspirational potential in a series of works of poetry and it entered the verses of many Czech poets in all the layers of poetic form. The dark reflective poets with a tragic perception of life and pervaded by melancholy represent the main line of the Mácha-like lineage.
|
|
|
Resonances of Mácha. Fourth Congress of World Czech Literary Studies: Other Czech Literature (?)
Piorecký, Karel ; Křivánek, Vladimír ; Charypar, Michal ; Fořt, Bohumil ; Hrbata, Zdeněk ; Ibrahim, Robert ; Koten, Jiří ; Sládek, Ondřej ; Sgallová, K. ; Šerlaimova, S. ; Berkes, T. ; Budagova, L. ; Čolakova, Ž. ; Galmiche, X. ; Grigorov, D. ; Melnyčenko, I. ; Procházka, M. ; Valcerová, A.
Arranged every five years at the initiative of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Institute of Czech Literature, the congress brought together some 150 researchers from all over the world this year. Discussions over “otherness” in Czech literature were divided into four subject areas. In view of the anniversary of Karel Hynek Mácha’s birth in 2010, one of the proceedings was called Resonances of Mácha. The studies included in this collection focus primarily on the work of poets and prose writers whose work forms part of Mácha’s legacy and derives inspiration from him. Another way to understand the importance of Mácha’s work is offered by contributions that place it in the context of European and particularly Central European romanticism. The opportunity also presents itself to consider the influence of interpretations of his texts on the formation of Prague literary studies structuralism.
|
guest ::
