|
|
Antimikrobiální peptidy a možnosti jejich aplikace do potravin
Janhuba, Filip ; Petrik, Siniša (oponent) ; Márová, Ivana (vedoucí práce)
Předložená bakalářská práce je zaměřená na studium antimikrobiálních peptidů a možnosti jejich aplikace do potravin. Pozornost byla zaměřena zejména na bakteriocin nisin a antimikrobiální enzym lysozym. V teoretické části byla zpracována literární rešerše zaměřená na přehled antimikrobiálních peptidu používaných v potravinářství. V rámci experimentální části práce byla provedena optimalizace metod stanovení koncentrace antimikrobiálních látek. Byly vyzkoušeny jak spektrofotometrické metody kvantitativní analýzy celkových proteinů, tak rovněž stanovení metodou vysokoúčinné kapalinové chromatografie. Pro určení molekulové hmotnosti a čistoty byla použita modifikovaná SDS-PAGE s přídavkem močoviny a tricinového pufru. Dále byly testovány možnosti enkapsulace nisinu do liposomů. Enkapsulované částice byly připraveny pomocí tří postupů: ultrazvuku, etanolového vstřikování a metody TLE. Částice byly podrobeny studiu stability a distribuce velikosti částic metodou dynamického rozptylu světla. Dále byla sledována i stabilita enkapsulovaných peptidů v modelových podmínkách a potravinách. Nakonec byly u vybraných peptidů studovány antibakteriální vlastnosti s použitím kultur bakterie Bacillus subtilis, kde zejména nisin vykázal antimikrobiální efekt již v nízkých koncentracích - okolo 1 µg/ml. Inhibiční efekt nisinu byl patrný především v tekutých kulturách.
|
|
|
Production of Selected Microbial Metabolites and Energy Using Different Waste Materials
Petrik, Siniša ; Rychtera, Mojmír (oponent) ; Němec, Miroslav (oponent) ; Pekař, Miloslav (oponent) ; Márová, Ivana (vedoucí práce)
Wide spectrum of different options available for the treatment and management of waste substrates can be used. Variety of methods and technologies available to carry out material and energy recovery originates a number of “recovery paths”. One of the solutions for recovering some waste materials lies in white (or industrial) biotechnology, which involves metabolic activities of a wide range of different microorganisms and their specific biological conversion. In this work several waste materials (mainly obtained from agro-industry) were used in a comparative screening study to evaluate their potential recovery to a valuable metabolites or energy by various microorganisms applied under specific conditions and circumstances. Presented study was focused on a comparison of growth and production properties of several red yeast strains of the genus Rhodotorula, Sporobolomyces and Cystofilobasidium, when cultivated on glycerol media (technical and waste glycerol), on wheat straw media and residues gained after hydrothermal pretreatment and on media enriched with whey. All tested red yeast strains were able to utilize glycerol as the only carbon source. The biomass production, when cultivated on pure technical glycerol, are less or more equal with control (about 7 - 10 gl-1) while in waste glycerolis even higher (10.9 - 14.5 gl-1).Production of carotenoids and ergosterol was better in glucose medium than in medium with glycerol only. All tested red yeast strains were able to produce also neutral lipids, in range of 11–15 % except C.capitatum, which produced more than 22 % of neutral lipids. Further waste products - both fraction after hydrothermal wheat pretreatment process (filter cake and hydrolysate) and untreated wheat straw were utilized for red yeast cultivation. Wheat straw (as well as pretreated materials) has proved to be promise substrate with a bigger potential for biomass and metabolite production, especially in S. roseus strain. Whey, as a surplus product from dairy, can be effectively utilized by synergic activities of carotenogenic yeasts and lactic acid bacteria. Co-cultivation process could lead to overproduction of pigments and ergosterol and, therefore, obtained biomass (enriched also with L. casei bacteria) will increase overall quality. In this thesis, the operating microbe which shall be involved in the process of energy recovery represents a mixture of bacteria obtained from the waste water plant. Those microbes played main role in Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), producing electrical energy and cleaning waste water at once. Electricity is being generated in a direct way from organic matter and can be used for operation of the waste treatment plant, or sold to the energy market.
|
|
|
Cultivation of carotenogenic yeasts on waste substrates usinf solid state fermentation
Rapta, Marek ; Petrik, Siniša (oponent) ; Márová, Ivana (vedoucí práce)
Semi-solid fermentation is an eco - friendly technique more and more used for production of significant metabolites or enriched biomass at low entrance cost and low comsumption of water. The problem of this technique might be the right choice of microorganism able to grow and produce at low water activity. This work is a pilot study of three red yeast strains – Rhodotorula glutinis, Cystofilobasidium capitatum and Sporobomomyces roseus cultivated by semi-solid state fermentation (semi-SSF). Yeasts were cultivated in series of production media with gradual reduction of cultivation water content. Pasta and hydrolyzed pasta were used as source of sacharides, glucose served as the carbon source in control media. All studied strains we able to grow and produce observed lipidic metabolites also at low water contents. Production of carotenoids and sterols was higher in semi-solid media. Cystofilobasidium capitatum strain was identified as the best producer of carotenoids and biomass. This strain was cultivated on hydrolyzed pasta media with 40% water content. Semi-SSF seems to be an adequate technique for selection of strains having over-productive properties. Observed metabolites production in yeast cells can be optimized by choosing the appropriate production media and water activity.
|
|
|
Production of Selected Microbial Metabolites and Energy Using Different Waste Materials
Petrik, Siniša ; Rychtera, Mojmír (oponent) ; Němec, Miroslav (oponent) ; Pekař, Miloslav (oponent) ; Márová, Ivana (vedoucí práce)
Wide spectrum of different options available for the treatment and management of waste substrates can be used. Variety of methods and technologies available to carry out material and energy recovery originates a number of “recovery paths”. One of the solutions for recovering some waste materials lies in white (or industrial) biotechnology, which involves metabolic activities of a wide range of different microorganisms and their specific biological conversion. In this work several waste materials (mainly obtained from agro-industry) were used in a comparative screening study to evaluate their potential recovery to a valuable metabolites or energy by various microorganisms applied under specific conditions and circumstances. Presented study was focused on a comparison of growth and production properties of several red yeast strains of the genus Rhodotorula, Sporobolomyces and Cystofilobasidium, when cultivated on glycerol media (technical and waste glycerol), on wheat straw media and residues gained after hydrothermal pretreatment and on media enriched with whey. All tested red yeast strains were able to utilize glycerol as the only carbon source. The biomass production, when cultivated on pure technical glycerol, are less or more equal with control (about 7 - 10 gl-1) while in waste glycerolis even higher (10.9 - 14.5 gl-1).Production of carotenoids and ergosterol was better in glucose medium than in medium with glycerol only. All tested red yeast strains were able to produce also neutral lipids, in range of 11–15 % except C.capitatum, which produced more than 22 % of neutral lipids. Further waste products - both fraction after hydrothermal wheat pretreatment process (filter cake and hydrolysate) and untreated wheat straw were utilized for red yeast cultivation. Wheat straw (as well as pretreated materials) has proved to be promise substrate with a bigger potential for biomass and metabolite production, especially in S. roseus strain. Whey, as a surplus product from dairy, can be effectively utilized by synergic activities of carotenogenic yeasts and lactic acid bacteria. Co-cultivation process could lead to overproduction of pigments and ergosterol and, therefore, obtained biomass (enriched also with L. casei bacteria) will increase overall quality. In this thesis, the operating microbe which shall be involved in the process of energy recovery represents a mixture of bacteria obtained from the waste water plant. Those microbes played main role in Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), producing electrical energy and cleaning waste water at once. Electricity is being generated in a direct way from organic matter and can be used for operation of the waste treatment plant, or sold to the energy market.
|
|
|
Cultivation of carotenogenic yeasts on waste substrates usinf solid state fermentation
Rapta, Marek ; Petrik, Siniša (oponent) ; Márová, Ivana (vedoucí práce)
Semi-solid fermentation is an eco - friendly technique more and more used for production of significant metabolites or enriched biomass at low entrance cost and low comsumption of water. The problem of this technique might be the right choice of microorganism able to grow and produce at low water activity. This work is a pilot study of three red yeast strains – Rhodotorula glutinis, Cystofilobasidium capitatum and Sporobomomyces roseus cultivated by semi-solid state fermentation (semi-SSF). Yeasts were cultivated in series of production media with gradual reduction of cultivation water content. Pasta and hydrolyzed pasta were used as source of sacharides, glucose served as the carbon source in control media. All studied strains we able to grow and produce observed lipidic metabolites also at low water contents. Production of carotenoids and sterols was higher in semi-solid media. Cystofilobasidium capitatum strain was identified as the best producer of carotenoids and biomass. This strain was cultivated on hydrolyzed pasta media with 40% water content. Semi-SSF seems to be an adequate technique for selection of strains having over-productive properties. Observed metabolites production in yeast cells can be optimized by choosing the appropriate production media and water activity.
|
|
|
Antimikrobiální peptidy a možnosti jejich aplikace do potravin
Janhuba, Filip ; Petrik, Siniša (oponent) ; Márová, Ivana (vedoucí práce)
Předložená bakalářská práce je zaměřená na studium antimikrobiálních peptidů a možnosti jejich aplikace do potravin. Pozornost byla zaměřena zejména na bakteriocin nisin a antimikrobiální enzym lysozym. V teoretické části byla zpracována literární rešerše zaměřená na přehled antimikrobiálních peptidu používaných v potravinářství. V rámci experimentální části práce byla provedena optimalizace metod stanovení koncentrace antimikrobiálních látek. Byly vyzkoušeny jak spektrofotometrické metody kvantitativní analýzy celkových proteinů, tak rovněž stanovení metodou vysokoúčinné kapalinové chromatografie. Pro určení molekulové hmotnosti a čistoty byla použita modifikovaná SDS-PAGE s přídavkem močoviny a tricinového pufru. Dále byly testovány možnosti enkapsulace nisinu do liposomů. Enkapsulované částice byly připraveny pomocí tří postupů: ultrazvuku, etanolového vstřikování a metody TLE. Částice byly podrobeny studiu stability a distribuce velikosti částic metodou dynamického rozptylu světla. Dále byla sledována i stabilita enkapsulovaných peptidů v modelových podmínkách a potravinách. Nakonec byly u vybraných peptidů studovány antibakteriální vlastnosti s použitím kultur bakterie Bacillus subtilis, kde zejména nisin vykázal antimikrobiální efekt již v nízkých koncentracích - okolo 1 µg/ml. Inhibiční efekt nisinu byl patrný především v tekutých kulturách.
|
host ::
RSS.