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The mediating dragon in the graveyard of empires: An Analysis of China's Conflict Mediation Approach
Khan, Mohammad Samir ; Munro, Neil (vedoucí práce) ; Karásek, Tomáš (oponent)
This paper discusses China's Conflict Mediation approach in Afghanistan and explores the multifaceted role that China plays in mediating Afghanistan's conflict, encompassing both its motivations and strategies within a defined timeframe of 2021 to the present. After the Taliban takeover in 2021, what the "Afghan peace process" refers to still remains a mystery because, as per many and rightly so, there is no return to democratic rule and equal opportunities for all. However, the author examines China's role as a mediator in conflicts, particularly as China strives to become a global superpower. The paper analyses and tries to Understand China's involvement in Afghan conflict mediation and tries to find answers to the questions: If China's Conflict mediation approach in Afghanistan was a success? Secondly, how does China claim to maintain its non-interference policy while it increasingly mediates conflicts abroad? Furthermore, The Belt and Road Initiative was discussed as a tool in Afghanistan. So were China's main concerns regarding the region. Finally, A Document-analysis approach has been used in the paper and concludes that it is still not clear from the available proof if the Chinese mediation approach was successful or not in Afghanistan; secondly, The documents thus show that China's adoption...
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Deciphering China's social credit systems: Big data, surveillance, and political control
Klinsawai, Worawan ; Munro, Neil (vedoucí práce) ; Karásek, Tomáš (oponent)
In 2014, the People's Republic of China (the PRC) launched the Social Credit Systems (SCSs or shehui xinyong tixi) with the use of big data to improve the country's low-trust social order (Creemers, 2018; Kabanov & Karyagin, 2018). This research is interested in how an authoritarian state handles civilian data and social credit rating. Given China's intricate surveillance network, the SCSs have shed light on the different surveillance approaches that have shifted from monitoring and tracking individuals to shaping their behaviours (Cho, 2020; Zeng, 2016). This dissertation conducts an analysis of how big data surveillance in the SCSs can facilitate political control in authoritarian states such as China. The use of big data in the SCSs may enhance the state's probability of detecting opponents with actionable knowledge whether to repress or co-opt target groups (Xu, 2021). Using case studies of the SCSs in Shanghai, Fuzhou, and Xiamen, this dissertation applies the process tracing case study method to uncover possible evidence that could allow the Chinese government to gain political control through targeted repression and selective co-optation. This dissertation argues that big data surveillance in the SCSs does not facilitate targeted repression because it is subject to sociotechnical limitations...
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Unwelcome Chinese Economic, Political, and Military Influence: How Australia Serves as an Example in Combating Chinese Influence
Swindall, Molly ; Munro, Neil (vedoucí práce) ; Biagini, Erika (oponent) ; Ludvík, Jan (oponent)
Chinese engagement worldwide has increased significantly as the country has continued to grow. With increased engagement militarily, economically, politically, etc. concerns have increased surrounding Chinese foreign influence in other countries, particularly Western countries. While concerns are wide-ranging, this dissertation uses a qualitative case study to examine influence concerns in three key areas in Australia and what Australia is doing to combat these influence concerns. The areas are economics (investments), politics (interference through political donations), and military (concerns over Chinese activities in the Pacific). Australia was selected due to its precarious position of being strongly connected to China economically, with China being Australia's top two-way trading partner. Since China doesn't separate trade and politics, Australia stands to lose when limiting Chinese influence, but this hasn't stopped the country from responding. Australia has passed many laws, introduced new regulations, announced new initiatives, and blocked certain high-profile investments to limit influence and influence concerns. Additionally, Australia can serve as a model to other countries with similar concerns.
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The Determinants of Chinese Civilian Nuclear Cooperation: A Comparative Analysis of China's Nuclear Export Strategy in Eastern Africa
Horne, Henrik ; Ludvík, Jan (vedoucí práce) ; Munro, Neil (oponent) ; Connolly, Catherine (oponent)
The global nuclear governance system is designed to prevent accidents and malicious actions involving nuclear materials, and to disallow the spread of nuclear weapons. In recent years, China has invested heavily in its nuclear industry and is set to overtake the United States as global nuclear leader, providing it substantial influence in nuclear governance and responses. This will have consequences for international security as it is unknown if China will prioritize security concerns over economic and political consideration, which could reduce the effectiveness of the nuclear governance system. A significant share of China's exports is targeted for countries in Africa and Asia, many located in volatile regions and without stable government structures. It is necessary for the West to respond to this challenge through cooperative measures and effective policies, but in order to do so it is imperative to first understand the drivers behind China's nuclear export strategy. This paper made the first in-depth examination of China's civilian nuclear cooperation and examined a series of defined hypotheses to understand its behaviour. It looked at Chinese nuclear exports to state in Eastern Africa and used comparative analyses to identify differences between those who receive nuclear aid and those who do...
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