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Functions of Female Characters in the Works of Kawakami Mieko
Komárová, Emma ; Tirala, Martin (advisor) ; Kanasugi, Petra (referee)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to analyze female characters from selected works by the contemporary Japanese author Kawakami Mieko based on the text in which they appear. Selected works are Breasts and eggs, Heaven, All the lovers in the night and Ms Ice Sandwich. When analyzing the characters, selected narratological structures are used. The analysis primarily focuses only on female characters and then focuses on the very comparison of these characters and their functions in the text.
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Nature and aesthetic ideals in haiku poetry
Majerová, Adriana ; Tirala, Martin (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
This thesis is focused on aesthetical ideals (reffered to as dominants in the text) - hosomi, sabi/wabi, shiori, and karumi, and their connection with natural motifs. Based on commentaries on each poem, which are sorted into four chapters according to dominats, I conclude an effect of natural motifs, which create so called overtones, or yosei, which are crucial for haiku poetry. Collected data are summed up in the Conclusion and compared to secondary nature theory of Shirane Haruo. KEY WORDS Haiku, haikai, hokku, hosomi, sabi, wabi, shiori, karumi, Basho, aesthetic ideal, dominat, poetics, structuralism, yosei, fueki rjúkó, zóka zuijin, butsuga ichinyo, hon'i, ada, nijiteki shizen
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Orthographic variability of auxiliary nouns in contemporary Japanese
Knapp, Daniel ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with orthographical variability of Japanese auxiliary nouns. In the theoretical part, there is a definition of used terms and methods related to the following analytical section, where various ways of writing Japanese auxiliary nous in BCCWJ corpus subcorpora are compared. After analysis identifies subcorpora of interest, sentences containing auxiliary nouns in said subcorpora are checked for similarities in meaning. Keywords Japanese language, auxiliary nouns, orthography, way of writing, variability
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Prefixation in the Japanese language
Pelouch, David ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The thesis focuses on prefixation in the Japanese language. The first part presents a theoretical background to the composition of Japanese vocabulary, and the most common word-formation processes that occur in Japanese. The work focuses in particular on derivation, specifically prefixation. The second part of the thesis includes corpus research, based on which the selected prefixes are categorised into groups and individually described. The prefixes are categorised according to their frequency within the groups. Keywords: Japanese, wordformation, prefixation
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The pragmatic competency of students of Japanese - speech act of refusal
Nováková, Eliška ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
(in English): This thesis focuses on pragmatic competence of Czech students of Japanese, specifically on the speech act of refusal. The aim is to find out how students differ in comparison to native speakers of Japanese. Another aim is to compare Japanese students based on the length of their stay in Japan, their Japanese proficiency, and the textbook used at the beginner level. The theoretical part describes pragmatic competence, politeness theory, the speech act of refusal and its specifics in Japanese. The practical part focuses at the analysis of refusals from the Discourse Completion Task (DCT) using semantic formulas. Usage of these formulas by native speakers and student are then compared. Found differences from the native speakers are further examined among students according to Japanese proficiency, length of their stay in Japan and textbook used at the begginer level. Finally, the results are summarized.
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Fictional worlds in Ero-Guro-Nansensu fiction by Edogawa Ranpo
Nováková, Adéla ; Tirala, Martin (advisor) ; Kanasugi, Petra (referee)
Bachelor thesis Fictional worlds in Ero Guro Nansensu fiction by Edogawa Ranpo analyses four short stories and one novella by the writer Edogawa Ranpo. The thesis focuses on the description of fictional worlds that fall under the Japanese artistic genre called ero guro nansensu. The fictional worlds that emerge in the text are attempted to be described in this thesis and, finally, to define the common points that the short stories and the novella possess. The methodology of fiction theory is based primarily on Lubomír Doležel's Heterocosmica: Fictions and Possible Worlds.
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Japanese conditionals and constructions containing conditional forms
Salanciová, Annamária ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The present thesis maps varied forms of Japanese conditional constructions. This includes morphologically marked conditionals such as V-tara, V-(r)eba, V-(ru/ta)/N(no) nara, V-to that have been studied meticulously in the previous research, but also conditionals expressed by auxiliary nouns such as V-(ru/ta)baai, V-(ru) kagiri, or by larger constructions such as V- (ru/ta)to sureba. This thesis is methodologically anchored in principles of Cognitive Grammar, following Mental Space Theory in the sense of Fauconnier (1985) and Construction Grammar in the sense of Dancygier&Sweetser (2005). The qualitative, introspective analysis points to the overlaps in the use of these forms and between other syntactic domains. Overlaps in the use stem from the shared semantic features of the forms, namely temporality, boundness to specific events and sequentiality of events in the clauses and overlaps with different syntactic domains such as temporals which are also observed with less-prototypical forms. Lastly, this thesis observes similarities between major conditional markers and the less-prototypical conditional forms. Two observations are made: Firstly, Japanese explicitly marks epistemic conditionals. Secondly, aspectual morphology may be a crucial factor in the interpretation of Japanese conditionals.
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A comparative study of the "idol" phenomenon and the Japanese ideal of beauty
Drechsel, Lukáš ; Sýkora, Jan (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the relatively new phenomenon of the "idol", which is an essential part of modern Japanese society. Since it is very close to the aesthetic values traditionally associated with beauty, I examine what ideals of beauty can be observed in the various categories of idol. I first analyze traditional Japanese ideals of beauty, their origins, and focus on the perception of human beauty. Beyond the traditional ideals, I introduce the concept of kawaii as a prominent representative of the modern perception of beauty in today's Japanese society in the form of cuteness. I then explain the concept of "idol" and its historical context, and analyze three categories of idol: musical groups, virtual idols, and celebrities. For each type, I will assess what their common features are and what aesthetic ideals they are characterized by. In the final part of the thesis, I will evaluate to what extent these shared idol traits correspond to the traditional conception of beauty that is generally shared in modern Japanese society. Key words: Japan, idol, beauty, ideal, aesthetics, comparison
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Censorship and obscenity in Japanese cinema of the second half of the 20th century
Šimice, Matyáš ; Tirala, Martin (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
This thesis examines censorship in Japanese film production from the 1950s to the 1980s. Specifically, the issue of the term "obscenity", which is part of Article 175 of the Japanese Penal Code. How the understanding of this term has evolved and what impact it has had on the court processes associated with Article 175 of the Penal Code. This thesis aims to clarify this term "obscenity" within Japanese cinema. This is done by analysing two of the most famous censorship cases in the second half of the 20th century. Those are Black Snow by Takechi Tetsuji and In the Realm of the Senses by Ōshima Nagisa. Keywords: cinematography, censorship, obscenity, Ōshima Nagisa, Takechi Tetsuji
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Subjectivity, transitivity and agentivity in Japanese written discourse: a corpus analysis
Chudá, Klára ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The present diploma thesis examines the manifestation of transitivity in Japanese and English as an expression of subjectivity across registers. The aim of the thesis is to determine whether there is a difference in subjectivity, specifically transitivity and voice and its potential register-conditioned manifestation, in Japanese and English. The focus is also on whether the characteristics of the texts influence the degree of subjectivity in the same way in both languages. Subjectivity is viewed through the lens of cognitive linguistics, specifically Ikegami's DO-language and BECOME-language typology and objective and subjective construal in Langacker's Cognitive Grammar. Corpus analysis is employed to conduct a quantitative of corpus data and a qualitative analysis of selected texts from five different registers. First, we outline the theoretical framework for the present research - the notion of subjectivity according to Ikegami and Langacker in and alternative cross-linguistic views in Chapter 1, the approach to discourse and its linguistic variation in Chapter 2 and the understanding of transitivity and its manifestation in Japanese and English in Chapter 3. Methodology and hypotheses are presented in Chapter 4. In Chapter 5, we present the results of the analyses, and Chapter 6 concludes the...
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