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Analysis and comparison of elementary school educational programs in the Czech Republic based on the findings of the Czech School Inspectorate survey
Medek, Petr ; Rusek, Martin (advisor) ; Tóthová, Martina (referee)
This thesis presents research on primary schools in the Czech Republic, selected according to whether they were included in the Thematic report of the Czech School Inspectorate in 2023. The thesis focuses on the results of this report for the educational field of Chemistry. Within the theoretical part, the gradual development of curriculum documents in the Czech Republic is elaborated with regard to the currently ongoing revision of the RVP ZV. In the practical part, an analysis of the school curriculum of the given schools is worked, focusing on the distribution of the number of teaching hours in the educational field of Chemistry within the educational field of Human and Nature, as well as an analysis of the distribution of available hours in the educational fields. An analysis of the amount of active verbs in the expected outcomes and whether primary schools have included teaching methods in their school curriculum is also made. The final section shows, among other things, that the highest number of available hours is devoted to the educational area of Human and Nature (median of 6 teaching hours), that the teaching of the educational area of Chemistry still persists under the title of Chemistry in the eighth and ninth grades with two teaching hours each, and that the highest number of teaching...
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Production of pates with the addition of mushrooms
Tóthová, Martina ; Holub, Jiří (referee) ; Mikulíková, Renata (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the sensory evaluation of pâté with mushrooms. First the 3 samples of pâtés were made to select the right concentration of mushrooms for sensory evaluation. Then the 7 samples of pâtés which contained different texture and types of mushrooms were produced. In the theoretical part pâtés are characterised, their manufacturing and types of pâtés are described. The part of literature search is description of mushrooms in general, their composition and description of mushrooms which were used for production of pâtés. Another topic is description of conditionals and methods of sensory analysis. The experimental part is focused on the production of pâtés for two sensory analyses, evaluating the heat treatment and sensory analysis. The content of vitamin D in the samples of pâtés was analysed by liquid chromatography. Processing of results of sensory analysis of pâtés was determined that the best samples were pâtés with milled champignons and champignons which were add in blender.
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The use of eye-tracking in chemistry didactics research
Tóthová, Martina ; Rusek, Martin (advisor) ; Popelka, Stanislav (referee) ; Doulík, Pavel (referee)
This dissertation thesis is an annotated collection of academic texts and summarizes the author's contributions to research on the use of eye-tracking and problem solving in the context of science education. The thesis responds to the growing use of eye-tracking in education and provides a systematic review of the current state of knowledge. Primary research has focused on chemical problem solving by upper-secondary school students. Using eye-tracking and think-aloud, the students' solving process was analyzed. The results showed that the observed students had low ability to solve these problems and often relied on limiting strategies such as guessing. Based on the problems identified, an action research intervention was designed. Regular inclusion of tasks, progressive learning and formative feedback led to improvements in pupils' abilities. The problem-solving ability of prospective chemistry teachers was tested in a similar manner. In addition to eye-tracking and think-alouds, a semi-structured interview was included in the research. It showed that there are significant problems in problem solving for prospective chemistry teachers, especially understanding the assignment. The dissertation thesis summarizes the contributions of the articles and proposes solutions to improve the current situation.
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Comparison of Lower-secondary Chemistry Textbooks' Text-difficulty Using Eye-tracking and the Nestler-Průcha-Pluskal Method
Sypecká, Martina ; Rusek, Martin (advisor) ; Tóthová, Martina (referee)
The bachelor thesis summarizes the results of a research focused on text difficulty in chemistry textbooks for primary schools. The used method was eye-tracking, in which pupils are observed by an eye camera that accurately records the reading progress. The research sample of pupils was selected using a reading pretest constructed from a released pilot task of the PISA test. In the next measurement participated eight subjects. The text difficulty was tested using selected excerpts from the chapters contained in textbooks published by Fraus and Nová Škola. During the test, the answers to each question were audio-recorded and afterwards the subjects were interviewed to map their stands to reading and chemistry. The results of these measurements were compared with the established method of the Nestlerová-Průcha-Pluskal trio. The research shows that successful readers were able to search the text for key information, according to which they solved the tasks correctly. Unsuccessful readers had to pay more attention to the text as they often had problems with reading comprehension, which led to using limiting strategies such as guessing. KEYWORDS Eye-tracking, The Think-aloud method, The analysis of primary school chemistry textbooks, Text difficulty
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Production of pates with the addition of mushrooms
Tóthová, Martina ; Holub, Jiří (referee) ; Mikulíková, Renata (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the sensory evaluation of pâté with mushrooms. First the 3 samples of pâtés were made to select the right concentration of mushrooms for sensory evaluation. Then the 7 samples of pâtés which contained different texture and types of mushrooms were produced. In the theoretical part pâtés are characterised, their manufacturing and types of pâtés are described. The part of literature search is description of mushrooms in general, their composition and description of mushrooms which were used for production of pâtés. Another topic is description of conditionals and methods of sensory analysis. The experimental part is focused on the production of pâtés for two sensory analyses, evaluating the heat treatment and sensory analysis. The content of vitamin D in the samples of pâtés was analysed by liquid chromatography. Processing of results of sensory analysis of pâtés was determined that the best samples were pâtés with milled champignons and champignons which were add in blender.
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The Use of Eye-tracking for Analysing the Strategies Students Use when Solving Chemistry Problem Tasks
Tóthová, Martina ; Rusek, Martin (advisor) ; Bílek, Martin (referee)
In the thesis, results of a research focused on monitoring strategies used by students during problem solving are presented. It follows previous studies conducted with the use of think- aloud method. Due to limitations of this method, an eye-camera is used. The record of the camera is used not only to analyse student's problem-solving process, but also as a tool eliminating one of the RTA limits - inaccuracies due to forgetting. The strategies were investigated among economics-oriented vocational school students in the first grade. They solved indicator tasks from the Methodical Comments and Tasks for Educational Standards in Lower-Secondary Education. The research sample was selected based on a pre-test composed of the selected tasks. According to the results, the students were divided into four categories, two students of each category were selected for the research. They solved a second set of the tasks. Based on eye-tracking and think-aloud data, their problem- solving processes were mapped and false-positive results were eliminated. The research results show that the students used the most expansive strategies, mainly work with the periodical table. However, in most cases, these strategies did not lead to a correct solution, due to the students' problems during solving. In these cases, they...
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Expression and system in the art of 20th century
Tothová, Martina ; Bláha, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Synecký, Jakub (referee)
The thesis is engaged in questions of aesthetic interaction with work of art in art lessons on primary school. It's especially focused on the art of 20th century. The thesis's objective is to find and verify by applied research the ways how to perceive an expression and system in the art of 20th century like a resource for aesthetic interaction with work of art. The thesis id divided into two parts. The first part surveys psychologically - didactic resousces for the art education project focused on the interaction with work of art of 20th century during the art lessons on primary school. This thesis also includes the gallery animation definition. The second part is focused on the modern art history in relation to the following art project. The art project offers three tutorial blocks. One of them is verified by applied research. The conclusions head to the education practise like one of many ways how to provide interaction between pupils and work of art.
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3A Analysis of a School Activity with an Emphasis on Project-based Education Features
Šafránková, Martina ; Rusek, Martin (advisor) ; Tóthová, Martina (referee)
The thesis focuses on a school project on the topic of waste. The project is analysed and evaluated using the 3A methodology. The emphasis in the examination and evaluation of individual activities is placed primarily on the use of project elements and compliance with the principles of project-based learning. The content of the theoretical part deals with the chapter about project-based learning and the principles of this learning. This section also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the method. Further, the work presents an analysis of the current curricular document from the perspective of project teaching and waste. The last part of the theory describes the characteristics of methodology 3A. The practical part deals with the description, analysis, evaluation, and design of convenient alterations of project activities. The thesis also contains a draft for other activities with project elements on the topic of waste, which can be included in the existing project. KEYWORDS Project-based learning, project, methodology 3A, waste, environmental education
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