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The Voice of Reason. A study of Kant's Critical Philosophy
Pech, Robin ; Karásek, Jindřich (advisor) ; Sirovátka, Jakub (referee) ; Koblížek, Tomáš (referee)
Philosophy is traditionally defined against rhetoric. The traditional difference between philosophy and rhetoric is based on a distinction between truthful and persuasive speech. The history of philosophy offers a number of examples how to approach the relationship between truth and persuasiveness. However, this relationship was traditionally taken in such a way so that philosophy could be defined against rhetoric. This approach can also be found in the texts of Immanuel Kant. From this point of view, Kant's project of critical philosophy can be interpreted as an attempt to purify philosophy and separate it from rhetoric. But when Kant defines the philosophy against rhetoric, he falls into obvious contradiction. As the critical philosophy helps to realize the ideas of the Enlightenment, thus, it also helps to spread the light of reason. However, the spread of general enlightenment requires an effective link between philosophy and rhetoric, i.e. between truth and persuasiveness. Since the critical philosophy is the instrument of enlightenment, it acquires its rhetorical dimension. A closer examination of the rhetorical dimension of Kant's critical philosophy, which still represents a certain desideratum of Kant Studies, thus opens up completely new research and interpretation possibilities.
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Richard Kearney's Concept of Possible God.
Härtel, Filip Hanuš ; Noble, Ivana (advisor) ; Sirovátka, Jakub (referee) ; Vogel, Jiří (referee)
This thesis concerns with problem of Richard Kearney's concept of Possible God and it's adequacy for post-secular Christian spirituality. The main question is, if Kearney's concept can develop in contemporary situation the experience of spiritual seeking in concrete situations and relationship with others with spiritual transcendence. Therefore, this thesis begins with examining philosophical suppositions and principles of the concept of Possible God, which are based on seeking of middle way between philosophical metaphysics and negative theology; key topic of this part is notion of desire. Subsequently the theology of weak God is presented as a rehabilitation of Christianity's provocative character enabling to found contemporary spirituality authentically and meaningfully and to clear away different historical distortions; main point of here is theology of the cross and kenosis. Final chapter concerns on practical applications of Kearney's theological principles through the motif of hospitality; the key theme is therapeutic potential of imagination. In conclusion the concept of Possible God is critically discussed and new possibilities of it's developing are acquainted.
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The intelligible act in Schelling's treatise of Human Freedom and in the Ages of the World as a way of moral realization
Adámek, Petr ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Karásek, Jindřich (referee) ; Sirovátka, Jakub (referee)
In my thesis I deal with Schelling's theory of the intelligible act in the treatise Of Human Freedom and its continuation in the Ages of the World. In my view Schelling endeavours to outline a way of human moral realization by means of this theory. In the first chapter of my thesis I explore the principles of God's revelation (the dark ground and the will of love) including the phases of God's revelation. In the second chapter I focus on Kant's theory of the intelligible act in the work Religion within the limits of reason alone. Against the background of these chapters I try to clarify Schelling's theory of the intelligible act in Of Human Freedom in the third (salient) chapter. The intelligible act occurred before time simultaneously with God's creative act, but is separable from it. Through this act I am, as it were, at the beginning of all existence within God's undifferentiated will and choose my own (good or bad) essence before my being in time. According to many authors (Peetz, Hermanni etc.) Schelling's theory is beset by a problem relating to any potential change of my essence in time. If I have decided for evil or for good, my individual actions in time have with necessity the same quality. According to them Schelling's theory implies that it is not possible that there should be any change...
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