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Montenegro in the fifties of the 19th century: the transition from theocracy to a secular form of government, the final phase of the constitution of Montenegro, taken De facto
Mandalinič, Josip ; Pelikán, Jan (referee) ; Rychlík, Jan (referee)
After the death of vladyka and bishop Petr II. Njegoš, the transition from theocracy to the secular formo f Regin at the first half of the 19th century marked many changes for country which is situated in the area of the southwest Balkan. The very rise of the princedom under the Russian protection did not yet mean the stability and safety. The zouny princeDanilo Petrović Njegoš wěas very well Avare ofthe importace of expansion of his territory, mainly due to the struggle for existence. The centre of his effort became the area southwards of Portorice, especially the area Žabljak Crnojeviće. Since the end of the Modele Agens, this area belonged to Ottomen and it was an important symbol of local political power. Having attthis fortress. The prince cause a politoval battle on the international level. Resulting invasion of the Ottomen army to Montenegro was interrupted only by the aktivity of Vinna - it sent in special mission of Leiningen to Constantinople. The similar mission from Russian part which was called Menshikov mission, was not successful but contradictory - it brought in an international conflict, i. e. Crimean war. Dutiny this war, the prince solemnized marriage with Darinka Kvekić, Serbian from Terst. In the zdar 1855 the prince issued a law book by which he defined the recent koncept of...
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The period of the emerging identity of Montenegrins against the background of the eastern question
Mandalinič, Josip ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (referee) ; Rychlík, Jan (referee)
165 ABSTRACT The period between 1848 and 1861 was a time when the identity of Montenegrins started to thrive. However, this thrive was proceeding in connection with the international situation, as the Great Powers of that time cast their eyes upon The Eastern Question as the then problem which, besides enduring friction was also about a collision of different theses that were looking for a solution for both its domestic as well as international policies. This collision finally resulted in the Crimean War, which was the only all-European conflict since The Napoleonic Wars until the World War. Against the background of the events there was a change in ruling in Montenegro. Petr II. Petrović Njegoš, who was the last Vladika, lived in celibacy. His follower Danilo Petrović then succeeded as the prince. In connection with the rise of Principality the central institutions started to be created in Montenegro. This, on one hand, contributed to realization of the common interests, but on the other, these centralizational activities started to rise the tension between the particular Montenegrin tribes and the Prince. Many a time this tension broke out into a conflict which the Prince had to solve by force. In the consequence of these frequent revolts and the rapid centralization, the Prince Danilo I. lost his life....
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