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Possibilities of using elements from the DNS program for children with multiple disabilities
Marečková, Markéta ; Křivánková, Markéta (advisor) ; Prokešová, Eva (referee)
Title: Possibilities of using elements from the DNS program for children with multiple disabilities Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of applying exercises from the Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization concept using the DNS FIT KID exercise program in children with multiple disabilities. Methods: The following measures were used for data collection: selected tests from the MOBAK 3-4 battery for screening motor skills, Mathias test, Thomayer test, postural stability assessment (standing on one leg and walking on the line) and DNS FIT KID tests. The DNS FIT KID exercise program was implemented and applied in psychomotor games classes. Results: When comparing the input and output results, the boys showed an improvement in the measured differences. Thus, the applied exercise program DNS FIT KID was chosen in an appropriate form for pupils with multiple disabilities, which indicates a positive effect of its use in the group of children studied. KEYWORDS children with combined disabilities; children with visual impairment; spinal stabilization system; postural stability; DNS; DNS FIT KID; psychomotor games
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Compensatory exercises for sports gymnasts
MAREČKOVÁ, Markéta
This bachelor thesis deal with compensatory exercises for gymnasts. Thesis is focused on young gymnasts muscle imbalance, poor body posture and occurrence of injuries of the monitored girls. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to create a proposal for compensatory exercises, which should improve posture and reduce the emergence of muscle imbalances. Another goal is to map gymnasts overloaded, painful and weakened areas. The last goal is to map injuries of the musculoskeletal system during the training of gymnastics of the monitored girls. Thesis is divided into theoretical part and practical part. In the theoretical part, there is briefly described gymnastics and its division and history. Subsequently there is general informations about artistic gymnastics. Next chapters describe muscle imbalances, poor posture, deep stabilization system, posture of artistic gymnasts, injuries in artistic gymnastics and hypermobility. Next chapter is focused on compensatory excercise, where its principles and goals are described here and also its individual parts. The practical part contains the methodology, which was developed in the form of qualitative research, from which the data obtained were processed into individual case reports. In the research, there was participating 5 artistic gymnasts from section TJ Merkur České Budějovice. The data were obtained by semi-structured interview within the anamnesis and kinesiological examination, including examination of posturograph and pedoscope. Subsequently the compensatory excercise unit was designed, which created theme for the self-therapy brochure. This brochure was subsequently processed. Afther approximately 4 months, the final examination was performed, which is part of the results. This bachelor thesis can be used in a clinical practice as an inspiration for working with school-age athletes.
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Bacterial interactions and secondary metabolites in plant and soil environment
Rapoport, Daria ; Marečková, Markéta (advisor) ; Lovecká, Petra (referee) ; Brabcová, Vendula (referee)
Phylum Actinobacteriota represents one of the major phyla in plant and soil environments. Known for the ability to produce numerous secondary metabolites, Actinobacteriota may affect other bacteria and plants in various ways. The thesis aimed at assessing the connection between the production of secondary metabolites and interactions of actinobacteria in plant and soil environments. In the first part, we assessed how rare actinobacteria from acid soil affect cultivable soil bacteria. We isolated a collection of actinobacteria from acid soil dominated by previously uncultivable lineage and isolated a representative described as a new family Treboniaceae and multiple other potentially novel species of known genera. The genome and metabolome analysis of Trebonia kvetii, sp.nov. gen.nov., demonstrated its ability to produce unusual and potentially novel bioactive metabolites. We designed an experiment where a single strain was co-cultivated with the total soil bacterial community of the same soil in a set up, where a free exchange of diffusible metabolites was allowed between them. Three actinobacteria strains coming from distinct lineages were selected for this interaction. Each strain significantly and specifically affected cultivable bacteria as well as the metabolite pool, part of which was induced...
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Ecology of yeasts in forest soils
Mašínová, Tereza ; Baldrian, Petr (advisor) ; Marečková, Markéta (referee) ; Kolařík, Miroslav (referee)
Microbial communities inhabiting upper soil horizons represent an important component of forest ecosystems. However, despite the evidence that yeasts represent an integral part of topsoil fungal communities, their role in forest ecosystems received so far little attention. The aims of my PhD thesis were to describe yeast communities in soil and litter of a temperate forest using high- throughput sequencing of environmental DNA, identify dominant yeast species and to explore how the composition of yeast communities reflects the biotic and abiotic factors of the environment. I also aimed to isolate yeasts from forest topsoil, describe novel yeast taxa abundant according to the environmental DNA survey and screen representative isolates for the traits relevant to their involvement in organic matter transformation. I have demonstrated that in forest topsoil, yeasts represent a substantial proportion of fungal communities with higher relative abundance in soil than in litter. In litter, yeast communities differ significantly among beech, oak and spruce-dominated stands. Drivers of community assembly are probably more complex in soils and comprise the effects of soil chemistry and vegetation. Even though there are similarities in the response of the communities of yeasts and filamentous fungi to...
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The European Central Bank's position in the European law. Supervisory competences of the European Central Bank within the system of Banking union.
Marečková, Markéta ; Tomášek, Michal (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Aneta (referee)
Supervisory competences of the European Central Bank within the system of Banking union Abstract The thesis theme "Supervisory competences of the European Central Bank" aims the goal of the thesis towards the exact explanation of the ECB's supervisory powers and to definition of the circumstances and the scope of the ECB's competences within the Framework of the Single supervisory mechanism . The thesis also sets a hypothesis to be confirmed that the performance of the supervisory powers has changed and strengthened the position of the ECB among the other EU institutions. The thesis is mapping all the elements of the setting of rules of the Single Supervisory mechanisms and the beginning of the Banking union in practice and follows the progress of the transformation of the supervisory powers up to nowadays view. The whole process is determined also by the CJEU who is co-creating the image of the functioning of the first pillar of the banking union. The thesis is split into several chapters that have a logical sequence. First of them is dedicated to the definition of the core legislature of the banking union and of monitoring the circumstances that has led to the foundation of the banking union. The second one is describing the inner structure of the banking union and also the legal basis of the banking...
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Actinobacteria communities in natural and anthropogenic environments
Faitová, Andrea ; Marečková, Markéta (advisor) ; Slaninová Kyselková, Martina (referee) ; Yurado Lobo, Valme (referee)
10 Abstract Actinobacteria are important bacterial group participating in various ecosystem processes particularly in the decomposition of complex organic compounds. Their abilities enable them to surviving in harsh conditions of oligotrophic habitats like lakes, deserts, cave walls or recalcitrant and resistant litter in soil, where Actinobacteria often dominate. Although certain biotic and abiotic factors were recognized to modulate Actinobacteria incidence in such habitats, the influence of anthropogenic pressure on their communities is scarcely known. The main objective of this thesis is therefore to determine differences of Actinobacteria communities under the direct (the human visitors changing microenvironment of caves, part 1) and indirect (climate change factors like altered precipitation or plant litter quality, part 2) anthropogenic influence in two habitats, plant litter in soil and cave walls, where Actinobacteria play important roles and dominate. In a first part of the thesis we monitored Actinobacteria communities in French limestone caves walls differently affected by humans (pristine versus anthropized caves). For identification of important species like potential pathogens or pigments producing Actinobacteria using amplicon sequencing of environmental DNA (Illumina MiSeq), we firstly used...
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Ecology of yeasts in forest soils
Mašínová, Tereza ; Baldrian, Petr (advisor) ; Marečková, Markéta (referee) ; Kolařík, Miroslav (referee)
Microbial communities inhabiting upper soil horizons represent an important component of forest ecosystems. However, despite the evidence that yeasts represent an integral part of topsoil fungal communities, their role in forest ecosystems received so far little attention. The aims of my PhD thesis were to describe yeast communities in soil and litter of a temperate forest using high- throughput sequencing of environmental DNA, identify dominant yeast species and to explore how the composition of yeast communities reflects the biotic and abiotic factors of the environment. I also aimed to isolate yeasts from forest topsoil, describe novel yeast taxa abundant according to the environmental DNA survey and screen representative isolates for the traits relevant to their involvement in organic matter transformation. I have demonstrated that in forest topsoil, yeasts represent a substantial proportion of fungal communities with higher relative abundance in soil than in litter. In litter, yeast communities differ significantly among beech, oak and spruce-dominated stands. Drivers of community assembly are probably more complex in soils and comprise the effects of soil chemistry and vegetation. Even though there are similarities in the response of the communities of yeasts and filamentous fungi to...
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Structure and function of bacterial communities during succession on dead plant biomass
Tláskal, Vojtěch ; Baldrian, Petr (advisor) ; Marečková, Markéta (referee)
The decomposition of dead plant biomass substantially contributes to the carbon cycle and therefore is one of the key processes in temperate forests. While the role of fungi in litter and deadwood decomposition was repeatedly addressed, there are just a few surveys of bacteria associated with decomposing plant biomass. The development of bacterial community within leaf litter is likely driven by the changes in litter chemistry and by the availability of nutrients in the litter. Fungal activity greatly contributes to changing properties of substrate and thus influences bacterial community. Availability of nutrients is changing during biomass decomposition from easily accessible substrates toward more recalcitrant ones (e.g. lignin). The colonization of deadwood by bacteria is influenced by various factors such as microclimate conditions, tree species and volume. The aim of this thesis was to describe bacterial community dynamics during the first two years of decomposition of leaf litter and deadwood. In the leaf litter experiment, bacterial community was analysed in the live, senescent and decomposing leaves of Quercus petraea. This experiment was performed in the Xaverovsky Haj Natural Reserve, Czech Republic. Deadwood experiment was focused on the composition of bacterial community in the initial...
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Composition and activity of microbial community during decomposition of plant litter on two contrasting localities
Burešová, Andrea ; Marečková, Markéta (advisor) ; Tejnecký, Václav (referee)
Decomposition of organic matter in soil is influenced by abiotic and biotic factors and their role is different depending on site, organic substrate and its decomposition phase. Soil microbial community influences soil organic decomposition process in a different way, which is manifested, for example, by changes of microbial abundance and production of extracellular enzymes. The thesis aimed in determining relationship of two main soil microbial decomposers groups - fungi and actinobacteria in decomposition processes in situ. The impact of selected factors on decomposition processes were determined by experiment with litterbags, which were filled with litter of plant with different properties. Astragalus exscapus from the Fabaceae family contains high amounts of nitrogen in the tissues, Fagus sylvatica contains high amounts of carbon and lignin and Carex humilis has less carbon in the tissues than Fagus sylvatica falling in tissue element composition between Astragalus exscapus and Fagus sylvatica. Litterbags with three plant species were put under a litter layer at both contrasting sites. Litterbags and samples of soil were collected every two months during the years 2011-2012. Each litterbag was weighted, DNA was isolated from litter and soil samples and analyses of quantitative real time PCR...
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Finanční analýza
Marečková, Markéta ; Pavlová, Eva (advisor) ; Hořínek, Petr (referee)
Diplomová práce, jejímž cílem je zhodnocení finančního zdraví stavební společnosti PSP-GDS, s.r.o. Uživatelem analýzy je management společnosti. Je použito analýzy extenzivních ukazatelů, fondů finančních prostředků, je provedena analýza poměrových ukazatelů i soustav ukazatelů. Práce srovnává analyzovanou společnost s vybranými společnosti z odvětví. Závěrem hodnotí finanční zdraví a doporučuje změny.
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