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Evaluation of oxidation of nutritional substrates during pregnancy.
Huličiarová, Klaudia ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Kovařík, Miroslav (referee)
Background The aim of this diploma thesis was to determine and evaluate changes in resting energy expenditure and oxidation of nutritional substrates, then to assess connections with other parameters and to compare these results with other conducted studies. Methods Indirect calorimetry was used to determine resting energy expenditure and oxidation of nutritional substrates. Measurements of pregnant women took place after a 12-hour fast in three periods of pregnancy. The first period between 17.-27. week of pregnancy, the second between 28.-35. weeks of pregnancy and the last during the 36th-38th week of pregnancy. Results The results of the work point to significantly increasing values of respiratory quotients (p = 0.022) and carbohydrate oxidation (p = 0.015) with the length of pregnancy, and to statistically significant correlations between the oxidation of nutritional substrates and the values of RQ, NPRQ, the volume of excreted urine, the amount of creatinine, urea and nitrogen in the excreted urine. Conclusions In this work, an increase in respiratory quotient values and carbohydrate oxidation during pregnancy was confirmed. However, the suspension of the study due to the Covid situation caused a decrease in the number of pregnant women followed and the necessary results. Key words:...
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Evaluation of muscle strength and endurance of pregnant women
Hanzalíková, Nikola ; Kovařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hronek, Miloslav (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Student: Nikola Hanzalíková Supervisor of master thesis: PharmDr. Miroslav Kovařík, Ph.D. Title of master thesis: Evaluation of muscle strength and endurance of pregnant women The aim of this work is to evaluate whether the parameters of muscle strength and endurance on the upper and lower limbs change at different stages of pregnancy. Another goal is to find out whether these parameters are related to the parameters of childbirth. 10 women aged 24 - 36 were chosen for this master thesis and all were first-borns. Each woman was examined three times during pregnancy. They underwent the first examinations during the 20th-27th week of pregnancy (G1), the second between 28 and 35 weeks (G2) and the third examination between 36 and 38 weeks of pregnancy (G3). Muscle strength and endurance were measured using a digital pinch / grip analyzer and a digital myometer. Maximum muscle strength was measured and subsequently muscle endurance at both upper and lower limbs. We found a statistically significant increase in the target time values expressed as a percentage, in periods G2 (by 9 %) and G3 (by 5 %) compared to period G1 on the right hand and a decrease in maximum force on the left hand by 15 - 20 %...
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Effect of M1043 on the expression of inflammatory markers in a mouse model of NASH - immunohistochemical analysis
Hušková, Eliška ; Němečková, Ivana (advisor) ; Kovařík, Miroslav (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Study program: Laboratory diagnostics in healthcare Author: Eliska Huskova Supervisor: RNDr. Ivana Nemeckova, Ph.D. Title of thesis: The impact of M1043 on the expression of inflammatory markers in a mouse model of NASH - immunohistochemical analysis Introduction and aim of the study: The liver is an organ with many important functions in the body, such as detoxification and regulation of lipid metabolism. Impairment of these processes can lead to NASH, a disease associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome, characterized by inflammation and accumulation of fat droplets in the liver. Studies focused on NASH are important for understanding the pathophysiology and developing new therapeutic strategies. The use of mouse models allows the investigation of pathogenesis and testing of different therapeutic approaches. This study examines the effect of the anti-endoglin antibody M1043 on the expression of inflammatory markers in a mouse model of NASH. Methodology: Mice were fed a diet inducing NASH and divided into two groups, one receiving rat IgG antibody and the other one, receiving the anti-endoglin antibody M1043. The livers were collected and processed using immunohistochemical...
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Evaluation of breast milk production in relation to body composition in Czech lactating women.
Bugošová, Andrea ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Kovařík, Miroslav (referee)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the production of breast milk in relation to the body composition of Czech breastfeeding women and to compare the results to similar studies. Six breastfeeding women participated in this specific part of the longitudinal study, undergoing 4 examinations during a 9-month lactation period. Anthropometric methods were used to measure basic body parameters. Furthermore, body composition was assessed using dual bioimpedance analysis with a digital scale and spectroscopic bioimpedance analysis using the Body Composition Monitor device. According to Friedman's nonparametric paired test, statistically significant differences between the examined periods were found in BMI values (p = 0.029), BSA (p = 0.019), waist circumference (p = 0.048) and hip circumference (p = 0.031). These values fall below the significance level of 0.05. According to Spearman's correlation, breast milk production positively correlated with pre-pregnancy weight (p = 0.003, r = 0.817), pre-pregnancy BMI (p = 0.002, r = 0.847), pregnancy weight (p = 0.044, r = 0.624), bone mass measured by BIA (p = 0.020, r = 0.697), basal metabolism measured by BIA (p = 0.028, r = 0.670), FM mass measured by BIA (p = 0.034, r = 0.651), chest circumference (p = 0.003, r = 0.825), waist circumference (p = 0.025, r =...
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Assessment of the intake of vitamins in pregnant women
Tkáčiková, Jana ; Kovařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
2. ABSTRACT Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Author : Jana Tkáčiková Tutor: PharmDr. Miroslav Kovařík, Ph.D. Title: Assessment of vitamins intake in pregnant women Theoretical base and aim of the thesis: The topic of the diploma thesis is women's nutrition during pregnancy. The aim of the work was to evaluate the intake of vitamins in pregnant women and the subsequent comparison of the results obtained over the period with the recommended daily allowances (RDA) as well as the evaluation of how the addition of supplementation to the diet affected the intake of vitamins. Methods: During the study 10 pregnant women with physiological pregnancies were examined. The observed women were in the age range of 25 - 30 years and their investigation took place in three periods; G1 (17th - 27th week of pregnancy), G2 (28th - 35th week of pregnancy) and G3 (36th - 38th week of pregnancy). The study ran from February 2020 to January 2021. The intake of individual vitamins was evaluated on average every 1 week. We also detected the supplementation intake. The obtained data were processed using computer programmes NutriDan and Microsoft Office Excel 2019. The results were compared with RDA. Results: The examination results indicated that the intake of...
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Analysis of perioperative blood loss in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery
Válkyová, Eva Viktória ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (advisor) ; Kovařík, Miroslav (referee)
Author: Eva Viktória Válkyová Department: Department of Biological and Medical Science Name of thesis: Analysis of perioperative blood loss in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery Thesis supervisor: PhDr. Zděnka Kudláčková, Ph.D. Consultants: doc. MUDr.Filip Čečka, Ph.D. ; Mgr. Veronika Bernhauerová, Ph.D. Diploma thesis, Charles University, The faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Introduction: Hepatopancreatobiliary surgeries are among the most complex surgical procedures and are associated with higher blood loss and postoperative complications. By defining risk factors and optimizing the determination of perioperative blood loss, postoperative complications can be avoided, transfusion administration can be avoided, and the expenses associated with hospitalization of patients can be reduced. Aim of the thesis: The aim of the study was to define the basic anatomical and physiological knowledge of the hapatopancreatobiliary region and to analyze the data set of operated patients with the main focus on their blood loss, transfusions administered and severity of postoperative complications in relation to selected anamnestic parameters. Methods: The analyzed population consisted of patients operated at the Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery at the University Hospital in Hradec Králové. Patient...
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Design of production technology of a one-handed axis and metal nut
Kovařík, Michael ; Osička, Karel (referee) ; Sliwková, Petra (advisor)
This thesis is focused on design of production technology of specified components by machining. To introduce the issue the introductory part of the work is devoted to the description of specified components, that is one-handed axis and metal nut, where emphasis is put on construction technology, options of production and components material. Introductory part is followed by the research part that is the theoretical basis for the practical part. This part of the work is focused on machining technologies – turning, milling and drilling that will be used for the production of specified components, then it deals with tool materials, the chosen surface conditioning and heat treatment. The main part of the thesis is a practical part in which the manufacturing process of the given components is proposed. The manufacturing process is focused on the choice of a suitable blank, machine tool, tools, the way in which the components will be measured and checked, then on the development of production technology and the creation of the NC code in the given control system. In conclusion of the work a technical and economic evaluation of the proposed process is presented.
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Library creating in Matlab/Simulink for sensors of Lego Mindstorm
Kovařík, Michal ; Doskočil,, Radek (referee) ; Křivánek, Václav (advisor)
his bachelor's thesis is a detailed analysis and communication with selected sensors from HiTechnic. The sensors are both digital and analog and offer a wide range of applications in robotics. They are designed for the Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 kit and they are compatible with the Lego Mindstorms EV3 kit used here. Selected sensors include a compass, gyroscope, accelerometer, barometer, force sensor, tilt sensor, and various types of infrared sensors. The content of the thesis includes a detailed description of the sensors and the method of communication with them. The result is the implementation of controllers for individual sensors in the Matlab and Simulink environment. Sample measurements with sensors were performed to verify the functionality of the controllers. The created controllers can be further utilized for education in the field of programming or automation.
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Influence of plasma activated water on seed germination and quality of corn
Kovařík, Martin ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Kozáková, Zdenka (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the effect of plasma-activated water on corn germination. After water comes into contact with plasma, the water changes its chemical composition and thus, it acquires new properties that can be used in agriculture. The theoretical part is divided into two basic parts. At the beginning of the first part, plasma is briefly characterized, and then this part deals with plasma-activated water, its formation, physical and chemical properties, and at the end of this part, its use. The second part of the theoretical part is devoted to the germination of plants, external influences affecting germination and statistical evaluation of germination. At the end of the theoretical part, this thesis deals with the ecotoxicity of plants. The content of the experimental part was the preparation of PAW, its subsequent application to corn seeds and the study of its effect on germination and plant quality. PAW was created from distilled or tap water using three different plasma systems and the effect of each PAW on the seeds was compared with that of each control sample. The obtained results indicate a positive effect of PAW on seed germination, but the final hypothesis would require more extensive experiments in different environments, especially in soil.
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