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Ecotoxicity of selected extinguishing agents
Konečná, Markéta ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
The dynamic development of industry and the constant production of new substances affecting the environment is currently one of the priorities of the interests of the human population. This thesis is focused on the ecotoxicological evaluation of selected extinguishing agent which are applied in case of fire. They must effectively extinguish fire because a live protection and material resources in any case very important, but Theky should be also environmentally friendly. In this work were tested surfactants, which are the main component of foaming extinguishing agent with the following commercial names: STAMEX F-15, F-15 EXPYROL, MOUSOL APS F-15, FINIFLAM F-15 and PYROCOOL B. Since surfactants have a negative impact mainly on aquatic ecosystem assessment were mainly used ecotoxicity tests using aquatic organisms. Test organisms were aquatic crustacean Daphnia magna and Thamnocephalus platyurus aquatic dicotyledons plant Lemna minor and terrestrial monocotyledons plant Sinapis alba. Based on the results of the tests were values of LC50, EC50 and IC50 for the tested substances determined and their ecotoxicity compared.
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Extraction of nucleotides from plant matrix and their determination by ion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography
Konečná, Markéta ; Sobotníková, Jana (advisor) ; Coufal, Pavel (referee)
In this thesis chromatographic conditions for the HPLC analysis of ribonucleotides AMP, ADP and ATP were optimized. For their separation chromatographic column, Nucleogel SAX 1000-8, 50 x 4,6 mm, from the German company Marcherey-Nagel was used. The mobile phase of a 0,2 mol/L solution of KH2PO4, its pH was adjusted with 1mol/L with potassium hydroxide to pH = 5,00. As the most suitable flow rate was selected 1,0 mL/min. The analysis was conducted using an isocratic elution. Detection was conducted by a DAD detector at a wavelength of λ = 260 nm. Substances were eluted in the following order AMP (tr = 0,911 min), ADP (tr = 1,667 min) and ATP (tr = 7,262 min). The total analysis time of the mixture of standards, under the conditions mentioned above, lasted for 10 minutes. For the extraction of adenosine-5-ribonucloetides the real matrix frozen and lyophilized leaves of tobacco virginia (Nicotiana tabacum L.) have been used. Two methods of extraction were applied. The first procedure was based on the extraction of AMP, ADP and ATP from the leaves of the tobacco plant by boiling deionized water. In the second method 0,07 mol/L HClO4 for the extraction instead of deionized water was used. Keywords: HPLC, adenosine ribonucleotides, AMP, ADP, ATP, tobacco virginia
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Phytoextraction of Bromazepam
Konečná, Markéta ; Smrček, Stanislav (advisor) ; Petrová, Šárka (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to determine the possibility of phytoextraction of benzodiazepine bromazepam as a widely used drug with anxiolytic effects. Benzodiazepines are compounds with high biological activity and together with their metabolites are excreted into urine. These substances then get into municipal wastewater treatment plant, whereas efficiency of removal in wastewater treatment plants is not high and compounds enter into surface water. Afterwards, the entire ecosystem including food chains is contaminated. A long-term exposure to trace concentrations can have a great effect on aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Maize (Zea mays) was used to study the phytoextraction. The Murashige and Skoog medium was enriched by 10 mg · L-1 bromazepam and samples of medium were taken at 24 hour intervals. After that, samples were analysed in reverse phase at 233 nm by HPLC/UV. Time dependence of bromazepam concentrations in medium was evaluated, which showed decrease of ca. 40 % during 168 hours of cultivation. Ability of corn cultivar to extract bromazepam from aqueous solutions was clearly demonstrated. The amount of extracted bromazepam corresponds to 0.03 milligrams per 1 gram of plant fresh weight. Although the tested concentrations of the xenobiotic used are substantially higher than the actual...
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Ecotoxicity of selected extinguishing agents
Konečná, Markéta ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
The dynamic development of industry and the constant production of new substances affecting the environment is currently one of the priorities of the interests of the human population. This thesis is focused on the ecotoxicological evaluation of selected extinguishing agent which are applied in case of fire. They must effectively extinguish fire because a live protection and material resources in any case very important, but Theky should be also environmentally friendly. In this work were tested surfactants, which are the main component of foaming extinguishing agent with the following commercial names: STAMEX F-15, F-15 EXPYROL, MOUSOL APS F-15, FINIFLAM F-15 and PYROCOOL B. Since surfactants have a negative impact mainly on aquatic ecosystem assessment were mainly used ecotoxicity tests using aquatic organisms. Test organisms were aquatic crustacean Daphnia magna and Thamnocephalus platyurus aquatic dicotyledons plant Lemna minor and terrestrial monocotyledons plant Sinapis alba. Based on the results of the tests were values of LC50, EC50 and IC50 for the tested substances determined and their ecotoxicity compared.
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Ichthyological and hydrobiological survey of the Hamry water reservoir
Jurajda, Pavel ; Adámek, Zdeněk ; Konečná, Markéta ; Jurajdová, Zdenka ; Janáč, Michal ; Ondračková, Markéta ; Chaloupková, Lucie ; Štěpina, Jan ; Šlapanský, Luděk
This study, which has been running since 2008, examines the use of the Hamry Water Reservoir as a model for fish community biomanipulation studies with the aim of improving water quality. Of primary interest to the Reservoir administrators, the Elbe River Basin authority s.p., is the maintenance of high water quality for drinking purposes, thereby preventing conflict of interest with multiple stakeholders. In addition, the study aims to determine whether biomanipulation of fish communities can be undertaken effectively in a reservoir.
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